Kane was born on June 18, 1952, in Cleveland, the daughter of Joy, ajazz singer, teacher, dancer, and pianist, and architect Michael Kane.[2] Her family is Jewish, and her grandparents emigrated from Russia, Austria, and Poland.[3][4] Due to her father's occupation, Kane moved frequently as a child; she briefly lived in Paris at age eight, where she began learning to speak French.[2][5] Additionally, she resided inHaiti at age 10.[2] Her parents divorced when she was 12 years old.[6]
Kane's on-screen career began while she was still a teenager, when she appeared in minor roles in films such asDesperate Characters andMike Nichols'sCarnal Knowledge in 1971, the latter of which led her to befriend lead actorJack Nicholson. In 1972, she was cast in her first leading role in the Canadian productionWedding in White, where she played a teenage rape victim who is forced into marriage by her father. She also appeared as asex worker inHal Ashby's 1973 filmThe Last Detail, where she collaborated with Nicholson yet again.[13]
In 1975, Kane was cast inJoan Micklin Silver's feature-length debutHester Street, in which she played aRussian-Jewish immigrant who struggles with her husband to assimilate in late 19th-century New York.[13] For her performance in the film, Kane garnered her sole Academy Award nomination forBest Actress at the48th Academy Awards, and it remains her favorite of all her roles.[5] Additionally, in 1975 she appeared as a bank teller inSidney Lumet's crime dramaDog Day Afternoon, which received numerous Academy Award nominations in other categories that same year. This also marked her first on-screen collaboration withAl Pacino, whom she had known prior to the film thanks to their shared background in theater.[4][14]
Despite this recognition, however, Kane has recounted waiting for approximately a year before being cast in her next role, which she has attributed to the trend of actors being typecast after receiving awards attention.[15] Her return to the screen would come withGene Wilder's 1977 comedyThe World's Greatest Lover, which she has credited for identifying the comedic talents that would become her staple in later years.[14] During the same year, she was cast inWoody Allen's romantic comedyAnnie Hall, where she played Allison Portchnik, the first wife of Allen's character Alvy Singer.[2] She also appeared inKen Russell's filmValentino, which, likeThe World's Greatest Lover, takes inspiration from thesilent film era, as it is a biographical drama loosely inspired by the life ofRudolph Valentino.
After this, Kane appeared in the horror filmsThe Mafu Cage (1978) andWhen a Stranger Calls (1979); ironically, Kane herself is largely averse to horror, and she admits to being unable to watch the latter.[16] In 1979, she also appeared in a cameo role inThe Muppet Movie.[17]
From 1980 to 1983, Kane portrayed Simka Dahblitz-Gravas, the wife ofAndy Kaufman's characterLatka Gravas, on the American television seriesTaxi. She has theorized that she was cast inTaxi in part due to her work inHester Street, where a significant portion of her dialogue was spoken inYiddish, since Simka speaks a fictional language with a vaguelyEastern European accent.[18]
Kane has attributed the on-screen rapport she shared with Kaufman to their different work ethics: where she was trained in the theater and enjoyed rehearsal time, Kaufman was rooted more instand-up comedy and did not care for rehearsals, a contrast that she believes enhanced their believability as a married couple.[19][12] However, she maintains that she and Kaufman had a loving relationship on set, and she has spoken fondly of him in retrospective interviews.[5][12] Kane received twoEmmy Awards for her work onTaxi.[13] Her role on the series has largely been credited as the beginning of her pivot towards more comedic roles, as she began to regularly appear insitcoms and comedy films after the series ended.[16][20]
In 1984, Kane appeared in episode 12, season 3 ofCheers as Amanda, an acquaintance ofDiane Chambers from her time spent in a mental institution. She was also a regular on the 1986 seriesAll Is Forgiven.
Kane became a regular on theNBC seriesAmerican Dreamer, which ran from 1990 to 1991. In 1993, she appeared inAddams Family Values where she replacedJudith Malina asGrandmama Addams; this role saw her reunite with herTaxi castmateChristopher Lloyd. She also guest starred on a 1994 episode ofSeinfeld, as well as a 1996 episode ofEllen. In 1996, she was given a supporting role in the short-lived sitcomPearl. From there, she continued to appear in a number of film roles throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, includingThe Pallbearer (1996),Office Killer (1997),Jawbreaker (1999), andMy First Mister (2001). In 1998, she voiced Mother Duck in the American version of the animated television filmThe First Snow of Winter.
In 1999, she made a cameo in the Andy Kaufman biopicMan on the Moon as herself playing theTaxi character.
Kane is also known for her portrayal of the evil headmistressMadame Morrible in the Broadway musicalWicked, whom she played in various productions from 2005 to 2014. Kane made herWicked debut on the 1st National Tour,[22] playing the role from March 9 through December 19, 2005. She then reprised the role in the Broadway production from January 10 through November 12, 2006.[23] She again played the role for the Los Angeles production which began performances on February 7, 2007.[24] She left the production on December 30, 2007, and later returned on August 26, 2008, until the production closed on January 11, 2009.[25]
She then transferred with the Los Angeles company ofWicked to reprise her role once again, this time in the San Francisco production, which began performances January 27, 2009.[27] She ended her limited engagement on March 22, 2009.[28]
Kane returned to the Broadway company ofWicked from July 1, 2013, through February 22, 2014, a period that included the show's 10th anniversary.[32]
In 2014, she was cast in a recurring role on the television seriesGotham as Gertrude Kapelput, the Hungarian-born mother ofOswald Cobblepot, also known as Penguin.[33]
2015–present:Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt and legacy roles
In 2015, Kane was cast in the recurring role ofLillian Kaushtupper, the landlord to thetitle character of theNetflix seriesUnbreakable Kimmy Schmidt.[34] Kane joined the cast due in part to her admiration of showrunnerTina Fey, with whom she had previously wanted to collaborate on theNBC series30 Rock.[12] She was promoted to a series regular for the show's second season.[35]Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt ran for four seasons, making it one of Kane's longest television roles to date. She reprised the role in the "interactive" television specialKimmy vs the Reverend.[36]
In 2020, Kane was featured in the ensemble cast of theAmazon seriesHunters, which also includes her longtime acquaintanceAl Pacino.[4] Additionally, during the same year, she participated in two cast reunion fundraisers, one with the cast ofTaxi for theActors Fund, the other with the cast ofThe Princess Bride for theDemocratic Party of Wisconsin.[40][41]
It was announced onStar Trek Day 2022 that Kane would join the cast ofStar Trek: Strange New Worlds for season two as Chief Engineer Pelia.[42] Prior to her casting, Kane had never seen an episode of the originalStar Trek series, though she has said the show's writers thought this oversight improved her performance.[43]
In 2024, Kane starred inNathan Silver's comedy filmBetween the Temples, in which she portrays a woman who, having been raised bysecular parents, decides to have abat mitzvah later in life. Kane has stated that she drew inspiration from Silver's mother, who studied for a bat mitzvah in her sixties; she was also inspired by her own mother, who, at age 55, moved to Paris to become a musician.[44][45] For her work in the film, she received theNew York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actress, and was nominated for Best Supporting Performance at theIndependent Spirit Awards.[45] In December 2024, she was announced as part of the cast ofDarren Aronofsky's upcoming filmCaught Stealing, where she is slated to play a minor role in which she only speaks Yiddish.[44]
Kane was in a relationship with actorWoody Harrelson from 1986 to 1988. The two have remained friends since their break-up, and Harrelson was seen attending Kane's 60th birthday party in 2012.[46][47]
She has never been married or had any children. Regarding the latter decision, she has said, "I never felt that I would be calm and stable enough to be the kind of mother I'd like to be. I don't think everyone randomly is mother material."[5]
Kane is often noted for her high, breathy, slow voice, though her vocal timbre has grown raspier with age.[16] Kane, who has often altered her voice to suit various roles, has confessed to disliking it, tellingPeople magazine in 2020 that she wishes her voice was "deep and beautiful and sexy".[48]
^Becker, Frawley (2004).And The Stars Spoke Back: A Dialogue Coach Remembers Hollywood Players Of The Sixties In Paris. Scarecrow Press. pp. 188, 199.ISBN978-0-8108-5157-3.