The inhibitory binding of Carlumab to CCL2 was hypothesized to inhibitangiogenesis and consequently modulate tumor cell proliferation.[3][2] Studies focusing on the effects of Carlumab have been performed in vitro on cell lines and in vivo on mice and in humans including phase 1 and phase 2clinical trials evaluating the efficacy, safety and dose requirements of the drug. Clinical trials for Carlumab include studies of idiopathicpulmonary fibrosis,[8][9] castration-resistant metastaticprostate cancer[1][10] and solid tumors.[11][12]
Carlumab was being developed by Janssen Biotech prior to discontinuation in 2012[13] due to limited success in clinical trials.
^abPienta KJ, Machiels JP, Schrijvers D, Alekseev B, Shkolnik M, Crabb SJ, et al. (June 2013). "Phase 2 study of carlumab (CNTO 888), a human monoclonal antibody against CC-chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer".Investigational New Drugs.31 (3):760–8.doi:10.1007/s10637-012-9869-8.PMID22907596.S2CID29365102.
^ab"Carlumab".NCI Drug Dictionary. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute (NCI). 2011-02-02. Retrieved2017-03-24.
^Fetterly GJ, Aras U, Meholick PD, Takimoto C, Seetharam S, McIntosh T, et al. (October 2013). "Utilizing pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics modeling to simultaneously examine free CCL2, total CCL2 and carlumab (CNTO 888) concentration time data".Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.53 (10):1020–7.doi:10.1002/jcph.140.PMID23878055.S2CID10638060.
^Obmolova G, Teplyakov A, Malia TJ, Grygiel TL, Sweet R, Snyder LA, Gilliland GL (June 2012). "Structural basis for high selectivity of anti-CCL2 neutralizing antibody CNTO 888".Molecular Immunology.51 (2):227–33.doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2012.03.022.PMID22487721.
^Clinical trial numberNCT00786201 for "A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of CNTO 888 Administered Intravenously (IV) in Participants With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)" atClinicalTrials.gov
^Clinical trial numberNCT00992186 for "A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Single-agent Carlumab (an Anti-Chemokine Ligand 2 [CCL2]) in Participants With Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer" atClinicalTrials.gov
^Sandhu SK, Papadopoulos K, Fong PC, Patnaik A, Messiou C, Olmos D, et al. (April 2013). "A first-in-human, first-in-class, phase I study of carlumab (CNTO 888), a human monoclonal antibody against CC-chemokine ligand 2 in patients with solid tumors".Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology.71 (4):1041–50.doi:10.1007/s00280-013-2099-8.PMID23385782.S2CID23586468.
^Clinical trial numberNCT00537368 for "First Study of the Safety of CNTO 888 in Patients With Solid Tumors" atClinicalTrials.gov
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