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Captain lieutenant

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Naval military rank

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Naval officer ranks
Flag officers
Admiral of the fleet Grand admiral Admiral General admiral Vice admiral Squadron admiral Lieutenant admiral Rear admiral Admiral-superintendent Port admiral Counter admiral Divisional admiral Commodore Flotilla admiral Schout-bij-nacht
Senior officers
Captain Captain at sea Captain of sea and war Flag captain Fleet captain Post-captain Ship-of-the-line captain Commander Frigate captain Corvette captain
Junior officers
Captain lieutenant Lieutenant commander Lieutenant Ship-of-the-line lieutenant Frigate lieutenant Lieutenant junior-grade Sub-lieutenant Corvette lieutenant Ensign Midshipman
v t e

Captain lieutenant orcaptain-lieutenant is a military rank, used in a number of navies worldwide and formerly in theBritish Army.

Northern Europe

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Denmark, Norway and Finland

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The same rank is used in the navies of Denmark (kaptajnløjtnant), Norway (kapteinløytnant) and Finland (Finnish:kapteeniluutnantti;Swedish:Kaptenlöjtnant).

In Denmark and Norway, the higher rank isShip-of-the-line captain (Danish:Orlogskaptajn;Norwegian:Orlogskaptein), and the lower rank isFirst lieutenant (Premierløjtnant) in Denmark andLieutenant (Løytnant) in Norway.^[1]^[2]

The rank was also used in theRoyal Danish Army between 1923 and 1962.^[3]^[4]

Estonia

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In theEstonian Navy the similarly sounding rank ofkaptenleitnant is an officer rank classified as NATO OF-4, i.e. equal to commander in the Royal Navy and United States Navy.^[5]

Sweden

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A captain lieutenant (Kaptenlöjtnant) was in Sweden an officer standing betweencaptain andlieutenant, who commanded one of the companies, which actually had the regimental commander,lieutenant colonel ormajor as officer commanding. In 1750, the rank title of captain lieutenant was replaced by that of staff captain, whose number, when the rand of second major was established in 1757, became four in each infantry regiment. The rank was abolished in 1833.^[6]

France

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The French Army of theAncien Régime used a rank ofcapitaine-lieutenant very similar to the British one. It was mostly encountered in the Royal Guard (maison militaire du roi), where the king was officially captain of most of the guard companies, but the effective command was in the hands of a captain-lieutenant.D'Artagnan is perhaps the most famous captain-lieutenant in French history, as commander of the firstmousquetaire company.

Germany

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Main article:Kapitänleutnant

Kapitänleutnant is an OF2 rank equivalent to theHauptmann (en: Captain) in theGerman Army and theGerman Air Force.

Netherlands

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In theRoyal Netherlands Navy, akapitein-luitenant ter zee is equivalent to a US Navy or Royal Navy commander (OF-4).

Portugal and Brazil

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In thePortuguese Navy, as well as in most of the otherCommunity of Portuguese Language Countries navies, acapitão-tenente is the equivalent naval rank to a British or US lieutenant commander (OF-3). The rank was introduced in the Portuguese Navy in the late 17th century. It was equivalent to an Army lieutenant colonel until the introduction of the rank offrigate captain in1782 and, from then on, it became equivalent to an Army major.

TheBrazilian Navy uses the rank ofcapitão-tenente as the equivalent to the British and US lieutenant (OF-2). Until the introduction of the rank ofcorvette captain in1906, the Brazilian Navy followed the Portuguese model of acapitão-tenente being an equivalent of an Army major.

Slavophone armed forces

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Russia

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Kapitan-leytenant (Russian:капитан-лейтенант) is arank in theRussian Navy, previously theRed Fleet/Soviet Navy andImperial Russian Navy. It is the rank below acaptain of the 3rd rank and above a senior lieutenant. In Soviet times, it may be achieved as early as an officer's 5th year of service. In Russian and other East-European navies it is the most senior junior officer rank (equivalent to "captain" in the Army/Ground Forces).

The Russian Navy assigns this rank the two-and-a-half stripe insignia used in Britain and the US forlieutenant commanders. On the other hand, the US Navy considers this rank equivalent tolieutenant.

In terms of responsibilities, officers of this rank may serve as department heads on larger warships, but may also serve as commanding officers of 3rd and 4th rank warships (Russian ship classifications referring to all fromKrivak-class frigates to gunboats and minesweepers).

Unlike the equivalent OF2-rankKapitänleutnant in theGerman Navy, submarines are at least nominally not on the list of eligible positions. In the past, when the boats were smaller, captain-lieutenants were eligible for the submarine command. However, in current Russian ship ranking no modern submarine is given 3rd rank. This reflects the high status of submarines, as all nuclear submarines (SSBN or SSN) are considered 1st rank and large and medium diesels 2nd rank, while smaller 3rd rank submarines simply aren't built.^[7]

Rank insignia IRA, Soviet Navy, RF Navy

Kapitan-leytenant

shoulder board (1703−1911)	shoulder board (1943−1955)	shoulder board (1955−1991)	... everyday uniform	shoulder board / sleeve insignia (after 2010)

Ukrainian Navy

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United Kingdom

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Captain-lieutenant was formerly a rank in theBritish Army; the seniorsubaltern rank, abovelieutenant and belowcaptain.

Aregiment'sfield officers – itscolonel,lieutenant colonel andmajor – originally commanded their owncompanies, as well as carrying out their regimental command duties.

However, from the 17th century onwards, the colonel increasingly became a patron and ceremonial head instead of an actual tactical commander, with command in the field devolving to the lieutenant colonel. This left the colonel's company without a captain.

The lieutenant of this company thus became its acting captain. This state of affairs was formally recognised with the creation of the rank of captain-lieutenant, with its own entry in the table of prices for thepurchase of commissions.

In 1772 captain-lieutenants were granted rank as captains in their regiments and in the Army.^[10] The rank was abolished sometime in the early 19th century in almost all regiments.

The King's Company of theGrenadier Guards remains under the personal command of the monarch, currentlyKing Charles III, with the rank of Captain-Lieutenant held by a Major within the company. In practice, he is referred to as "The Captain" and acts as a Company Commander. In a similar fashion, his deputy is referred to as "The Second Captain" rather than Company Second-in-Command.

NATO code

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NATO code	Country^[11]	English equivalent
OF-4	Estonia, Netherlands	Commander
OF-3	Portugal	Lieutenant commander
OF-2	Albania, Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway	Lieutenant