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The various states and civilizations inIran (Persia) have had numerous capital cities and royal centers throughout history.

• Ahar;Pishkinid dynasty
• Anshan; pre-Achaemenid era
• Ardabil; earlySafavid era,Sajid
• Asaak;Parthian era royal center
• Astara;Ispahbads of Gilan
• Alamut Castle;Nizari Ismaili state
• Amol;Ziyarid,Alavid,Marashis,Dabuyid,Bavandid,Chalavi, (Parthian Empire climate capital)
• Babylon;Achaemenid era
• Baghdad; caliphates,Jalayerid,Buyid
• Balkh; in legend, the governmental center of theKayanian dynasty^[1]
• Bardsir;Banu Ilyas
• Basra;Jalayerid
• Bukhara;Samanid era
• Ctesiphon;Parthian,Sasanian era
• Damavand;Masmughans of Damavand
• Dinavar;Hasanwayhids
• Diyarbakır;Aq Qoyunlu
• Fuman;Dabuyid
• Farim (Perim);Bavandid
• Firozkoh;Ghurid
• Firuzkuh;Chalavi
• Shahr-e Qumis (Hecatompylos);Parthian era
• Ghazna;Ghurid,Khwarazmid,Ghaznavid
• Gor (Firuzabad);Sasanian era
• Gorgan (Astarabad);Ziyarid,Alavids
• Herat;Ghurid,Kartids,Timurid Empire
• Hulwan;Annazids
• Ij (Ig);Shabankara
• Isfahan;Ziyarid dynasty,Kakuyid Emirate,Injuid dynasty,Seljuk era,Safavid era
• Istakhr;Sasanian era
• Izeh (Idaj);Hazaraspids
• Ecbatana (laterHamadan);Median Empire,^[1]Achaemenid era,^[1]Eldiguzids,Seljuks (Greater and Iraq Seljuks)
• Kerman;Muzaffarid,Qutlugh-Khanids
• Khorramabad;Khorshidi dynasty
• Kunya Urgench; earlyKhwarezmid era
• Lafur;Qarinvand dynasty
• Lankaran;Talysh Khanate
• Lahijan;Karkiya dynasty
• Maragheh; Ilkhanid,Ahmadilis,Sajid
• Mashhad;Afsharid
• Merv; capital duringal-Mamun's caliphate, and Taherid era, Seljuk Empire
• Mosul; winter capital duringQara Qoyunlu
• Nakhchivan;Eldiguzids
• Nishapur; Ilkhanid, Seljuk, Taherid eras
• Nisa, Turkmenistan; periodical capital of theParthian era
• Pasargadae;Achaemenid^[1]
• Persepolis;Achaemenid ceremonial capital^[1]
• Rey (Rhagae);Median,Ziyarid,Buyid,Seljuk Empire
• Rudbar;Justanids
• Qazvin; earlySafavid era
• Sabzevar;Sarbadars
• Samarkand;Samanid, Khwarazmid, Timurid era
• Shiraz; Buyid dynasty,Injuid dynasty,Muzaffarid dynasty,Salghurid dynasty,Zand era
• Soltaniyeh;Ilkhanid
• Susa;Achaemenid, Parthian era
• Tabriz; Ilkhanid, Khwarezmid,Rawadid,Chupanid,Jalayerid,Eldiguzids,Kara Koyunlu,Aq Qoyunlu, earlySafavid era
• Tarom;Sallarid
• Sari; Qajar, Dabuyid, Alavid, Bavandid, Marashis
• Yazd;Kakuyid,Atabegs of Yazd
• Zaranj;Saffarid dynasty,Mihrabanid,Nasrid
• Tehran;Qajar era,Pahlavi era,Islamic Republic of Iran 1796–present

• Iran
• Ancient Iran
• Afghanistan

• Historical geography of Iran

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