Cangzhou 沧州市 Tsangchow | |
|---|---|
     Clockwise from the top:Iron Lion, Cangzhou Arena, Skyline of Cangzhou,Port of Huanghua, Arcadia Hotel | |
| Nickname: Lion City (狮城) | |
 | |
.png) Location of Cangzhou City jurisdiction in Hebei | |
  Cangzhou Location of the city centre in Hebei Show map of Hebei Cangzhou Cangzhou (Northern China) Show map of Northern China Cangzhou Cangzhou (China) Show map of China | |
| Coordinates (Cangzhou municipal government):38°18′17″N116°50′19″E / 38.3047°N 116.8387°E /38.3047; 116.8387 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hebei |
| Settled | 517 |
| Established | 15 November 1983 |
| Municipal seat | Yunhe District |
| Area | |
| 14,383.46 km2 (5,553.48 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 206.2 km2 (79.6 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,750.7 km2 (675.9 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 13 m (43 ft) |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | |
| 7,300,783 | |
| • Density | 507.5818/km2 (1,314.631/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 795,832 |
| • Urban density | 3,860/km2 (9,996/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,421,843 |
| • Metro density | 812.16/km2 (2,103.5/sq mi) |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 332 billion US$ 53.3 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 44,819 US$7,196 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 061000 |
| Area code | 0317 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HE-09 |
| Licence plate prefixes | 2022 |
| Website | cangzhou.gov.cn |
| Cangzhou | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 沧州 | ||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 滄州 | ||||||||
| Postal | Tsangchow | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Cangzhou is aprefecture-level city inChina forming the southeastern extension ofHebei Province to the coast of theBohai Sea betweenTianjin andShandong. At the2020 census, Cangzhou's built-up (or metro) area made of Yunhe district, Xinhua district, and Cang County is largely conurbated with a population of 1,421,843 inhabitants, while the prefecture-level administrative unit in total has a population of 7,300,783. It lies approximately 90 kilometres (56 mi) from the major port city ofTianjin, and 180 km (110 mi) fromBeijing.
![[icon]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aWiki_letter_w_cropped.svg) | This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(July 2012) |
Cangzhou is said to have been founded during the 5th & 6th-centurySouthern and Northern Dynasties era of Chinese history. It is named for the former imperialCang Prefecture. During the lateTang and followingFive Dynasties era, it formed part of the territory of thede facto independentjiedushi ofYiwu Province.
Cangzhou City comprises 2districts, 4county-level cities, 9counties and 1 autonomous county.
| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2020)[3] | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) | |
| Yunhe District | 运河区 | Yùnhé Qū | 511,086 | 138 | 1,957 | |
| Xinhua District | 新华区 | Xīnhuá Qū | 284,746 | 89 | 2,472 | |
| Botou City | 泊头市 | Bótóu Shì | 573,842 | 977 | 563 | |
| Renqiu City | 任丘市 | Rénqiū Shì | 816,401 | 1,023 | 753 | |
| Huanghua City | 黄骅市 | Huánghuá Shì | 652,401 | 1,545 | 317 | |
| Hejian City | 河间市 | Héjiān Shì | 795,198 | 1,333 | 578 | |
| Cang County | 沧县 | Cāng Xiàn | 626,011 | 1,527 | 432 | |
| Qing County | 青县 | Qīng Xiàn | 420,878 | 968 | 403 | |
| Dongguang County | 东光县 | Dōngguāng Xiàn | 340,288 | 710 | 493 | |
| Haixing County | 海兴县 | Hǎixīng Xiàn | 189,273 | 836 | 263 | |
| Yanshan County | 盐山县 | Yánshān Xiàn | 411,356 | 795 | 503 | |
| Suning County | 肃宁县 | Sùníng Xiàn | 341,919 | 497 | 664 | |
| Nanpi County | 南皮县 | Nánpí Xiàn | 347,473 | 794 | 441 | |
| Wuqiao County | 吴桥县 | Wúqiáo Xiàn | 217,986 | 603 | 464 | |
| Xian County | 献县 | Xìàn Xiàn | 568,418 | 1,191 | 479 | |
| Mengcun Hui Autonomous County | 孟村回族自治县 | Mèngcūn Huízú Zìzhìxiàn | 203,507 | 393 | 458 | |
Cangzhou's urban center is a heavily industrial city, but the city's administrative territory also includes strongly agricultural areas, and is well known in China for itsChinese jujubes (Chinese dates), apples and pear (widely known under the export name ofTianjinYa Pear). TheNorth China Oil Field is within Cangzhou City's jurisdiction. Cangzhou also encompasses a large fishing port and the coal-exporting Huanghua Harbour. Notable International Companies located in Cangzhou Hyundai (Japan), Hage Fittings und Flanschen GmbH (Germany) (Hage Fluid Control Technology (Hebei) Co., Ltd Joint Venture).
Cangzhou is located in easternHebei, immediately to the south ofTianjin, near the coast of theBohai Sea of the Pacific Ocean. Bordering prefecture-level cities areHengshui to the southwest,Baoding to the west, andLangfang to the north. It lies on theBeijing–Shanghai Railway.
TheG1811 Huanghua–Shijiazhuang Expressway connects Cangzhou toShijiazhuang, the provincial capital, and is linked toBeijing via both theG2 Beijing–Shanghai Expressway andG3 Beijing–Taipei Expressway, which are concurrent within the province, and toShanghai via G2. Cangzhou's Huanghua Harbour is the end of a main Chinese coal shipping railway, theShuohuang Railway. Other major highways serving Cangzhou's urban area areChina National Highway 104 and307.
Major airports located closest to Cangzhou includeBeijing Capital Airport andTianjin Airport.
TheGrand Canal passes directly through Cangzhou, and a district of Cangzhou (Yunhe District) is named after it.
Cangzhou has a four-season,monsoon-influencedhumid continental climate/semi-arid climate (KöppenBSk/Dwa), with cold, dry winters, and hot, humid summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −3.2 °C (26.2 °F) in January to 27.2 °C (81.0 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 13.25 °C (55.8 °F). A majority of the annual precipitation of 541 mm (21.3 in) occurs in July and August alone. With possible monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 49% in July to 65% in October, the city receives 2,663 hours of bright sunshine annually.
| Climate data for Cangzhou, elevation 8 m (26 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.1 (59.2) | 18.7 (65.7) | 30.9 (87.6) | 32.7 (90.9) | 37.7 (99.9) | 40.3 (104.5) | 42.0 (107.6) | 36.6 (97.9) | 35.0 (95.0) | 30.4 (86.7) | 24.2 (75.6) | 14.6 (58.3) | 42.0 (107.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.9 (37.2) | 6.9 (44.4) | 14.0 (57.2) | 21.5 (70.7) | 27.4 (81.3) | 31.7 (89.1) | 32.4 (90.3) | 30.8 (87.4) | 27.2 (81.0) | 20.6 (69.1) | 11.5 (52.7) | 4.4 (39.9) | 19.3 (66.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.8 (27.0) | 1.0 (33.8) | 7.7 (45.9) | 15.0 (59.0) | 21.2 (70.2) | 25.7 (78.3) | 27.5 (81.5) | 26 (79) | 21.4 (70.5) | 14.5 (58.1) | 5.9 (42.6) | −0.9 (30.4) | 13.5 (56.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −7.1 (19.2) | −3.7 (25.3) | 2.3 (36.1) | 9.3 (48.7) | 15.2 (59.4) | 20.3 (68.5) | 23.2 (73.8) | 21.9 (71.4) | 16.5 (61.7) | 9.3 (48.7) | 1.3 (34.3) | −5.0 (23.0) | 8.6 (47.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −22.1 (−7.8) | −14.6 (5.7) | −11.3 (11.7) | −1.2 (29.8) | 5.1 (41.2) | 12.5 (54.5) | 17.1 (62.8) | 14.1 (57.4) | 6.8 (44.2) | −2.3 (27.9) | −8.3 (17.1) | −20.3 (−4.5) | −22.1 (−7.8) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 2.4 (0.09) | 7.5 (0.30) | 8.7 (0.34) | 22.8 (0.90) | 35.9 (1.41) | 71.4 (2.81) | 153.5 (6.04) | 126.5 (4.98) | 49.5 (1.95) | 36.2 (1.43) | 16.0 (0.63) | 3.0 (0.12) | 533.4 (21) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.6 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 4.8 | 5.7 | 8.1 | 11.5 | 9.5 | 5.6 | 4.7 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 62.5 |
| Average snowy days | 2.5 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 8.2 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 57 | 53 | 48 | 50 | 54 | 59 | 73 | 77 | 69 | 64 | 64 | 60 | 61 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 174.4 | 182.3 | 234.3 | 253.1 | 279.5 | 247.6 | 215.2 | 215.3 | 220.5 | 209.5 | 172.3 | 165.7 | 2,569.7 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 57 | 59 | 63 | 64 | 63 | 56 | 48 | 52 | 60 | 61 | 57 | 56 | 58 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[4][5][6] | |||||||||||||
The city has historically been known in China for itswushu (Chinesemartial arts) andacrobatics (specifically, theWu Qiao school). Cangzhou is also famed for its historic thousand-year-old 40-ton sculpture, theIron Lion of Cangzhou. The sculpture is reportedly the largest cast-iron sculpture in the world, cast in 953 in theFive Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The famed lion has even given its name to a locally brewedbeer (iron lion beer, 铁狮啤酒) and is a symbol of the city.[7]
Cangzhou is home to a traditional Chinese form ofmusical performing arts,Kuaiban Dagu.
The city hosts seven mosques for Muslim adherents (mostlyHui).[8] One of them, the West Mosque, has collected at its museum one of China's best collections of Islamic manuscripts and artefacts.[9]
Cangzhou, though predominated by theHan Chinese majority, is home to a sizable population of theMuslim Huiminority. Intermarriage occasionally occurs between the majority Han and the Hui, but stereotypes of Hui still exist among Cangzhou's Han residents, and some tensions remain. Migration to Hebei province and Cangzhou byXinjiang Muslim minorities (generally ethnicUighurs) is increasing.[citation needed]
The dominantfirst language of Cangzhou's population is a variety of the northeasternMandarindialect continuum termed Cangzhou,[10] which is a variety ofJi Lu Mandarin. There are some similarities with theTianjin variety and theBaoding variety of Mandarin, but both are considered distinct groups from that of Cangzhou[1]. Dialects of the Cangzhou area vary between localities and counties, though are generallyintelligible among each other.
The city, like all other Chinese administrative divisions, has a party committee, the People's government, the People's Congress, and the Political consultative conference.
Cangzhou is home to the Cangzhou Airbase of thePeople's Liberation Army Air Force.
Shijiazhuang Ever Bright moved to Cangzhou and changed their name toCangzhou Mighty Lions, they play at theCangzhou Stadium.
Cangzhou Normal University (沧州师范学院): now it has 871 teacher staff, including 607 full-time teachers, 233 people with the title of deputy senior or above, and 405 people with master's and doctor's degrees. The school motto is "knowing, morality, knowledge and behaviour, innovation" (明德、博学、知行、日新).
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(August 2015) |
There is one international school in Cangzhou, theCangzhou Zhenhua Korean International School (沧州振华韩国国际学校).[11]
Counties ofCangzhou, Hebei province, China | ||
|---|---|---|
| Districts : | | |
| County-level cities : | ||
| Counties : | ||
| Autonomous county : | ||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
