It is also an intermediate in the biosynthesis ofnoscapine, which is likewise abenzylisoquinolinealkaloid, but of the phthalideisoquinoline structural subgroup.[2][3]
A number ofin vitro effects of (S)-canadine have been reported. It stimulatesmyogenesis and inhibits muscle protein degradation.[4] (S)-Canadine blocksK(ATP) channels indopamine neurons.[5][6] (S)-Canadine has displayed antioxidant activity: though it lacked any demonstrable cytotoxic effect in three unique cell cultures, it was observed to possess antioxidant activity against free radical-induced oxidative injury.[7][8] (S)-Canadine can block voltage-dependentcalcium channels, but at a level significantly lower than that ofverapamil.[9]
^Wu, Chen; Yang, Kechun; Liu, Qiang; Wakui, Matoko; Jin, Guo-zhang; Zhen, Xuechu; Wu, Jie (2010). "Tetrahydroberberine blocks ATP-sensitive potassium channels in dopamine neurons acutely-dissociated from rat substantia nigra pars compacta".Neuropharmacology.59 (7–8):567–72.doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.08.018.PMID20804776.S2CID27386799.
^Wu, Jie; Jin, Guo Zhang (1997). "Tetrahydroberberine blocks membrane K+ channels underlying its inhibition of intracellular message-mediated outward currents in acutely dissociated CA1 neurons from rat hippocampus".Brain Research.775 (1–2):214–8.doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00960-8.PMID9439847.S2CID42250453.
^Correché, Estela R.; Andujar, Sebastian A.; Kurdelas, Rita R.; Lechón, María J. Gómez; Freile, Mónica L.; Enriz, Ricardo D. (2008). "Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of canadine: Biological effects and structural aspects".Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry.16 (7):3641–51.doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2008.02.015.PMID18295494.
^Mari, Giacomo; Catalani, Simona; Antonini, Elena; De Crescentini, Lucia; Mantellini, Fabio; Santeusanio, Stefania; Lombardi, Paolo; Amicucci, Antonella; Battistelli, Serafina (2018). "Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel heteroring-annulated pyrrolino-tetrahydroberberine analogues as antioxidant agents".Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry.26 (18):5037–44.doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2018.08.038.PMID30196978.S2CID52177815.
