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Campo Marzio | |
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Rione of Rome | |
 Piazza Borghese | |
.svg) Seal | |
 Position of therione within the center of the city | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Lazio |
| Province | Rome |
| Comune | Rome |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
Campo Marzio (Italian:[ˈkampoˈmartsjo]) is the 4thrione ofRome, Italy, identified by the initialsR. IV. It belongs to theMunicipio I and covers a smaller section of the area of the ancientCampus Martius.[1] The logo of this rione is a silver crescent on a blue background.
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Until the domination ofNapoleon, in 19th century, therione was also known by the spellingCampo Marzo.
In theMiddle Ages, after the main aqueducts of the city were ruined during the Gothic sieges in 6th century and following to the establishing ofSt. Peter's Basilica as a focal point for pilgrims, Campo Marzio became one of the most densely populated zones of Rome. The borough was crossed by the procession that used to accompany newly elected Popes from St. Peter's Basilica to their official residence,St. John in Lateran. Moreover, the area was also passed through by theVia Lata, one of the main arteries linking Rome to the rest of Europe, resulting from the merger ofVia Cassia andVia Flaminia.
The urban pattern was quite dense, and included several monuments and a number of remains of ancient buildings. Campo Marzio experienced manifold urban renewal interventions during the Renaissance, with the construction of several churches and noble palaces.Pope Paul II redeveloped theVia Lata (the currentVia del Corso),Pope Julius II promoted the construction of two straight roads on each shore of theTiber,Via Giulia on the left shore andVia della Lungara on the right one, betweenTrastevere and theVatican. PopeLeo X ordered the creation of a new road connectingPonte Sant'Angelo toPorta del Popolo, theVia Leonina (Via di Ripetta). In 1570,Pope Pius V promoted the restoration of theAcquedotto Vergine, leading to the creation of new fountains in the area.
New works were undertaken when Rome became the new Italian capital, in 1870, first of all massive walls were built alongside theTiber, to avoid floods, which were flanked byLungotevere in Augusta andLungotevere Marzio. Therione was linked to the nearPrati through the construction ofPonte Regina Margherita in 1891, while in 1902 a new bridge (Ponte Cavour) was built downstream, in line with Piazza Cavour, demolishing thePorto di Ripetta.
In 1909, depending on the urban development of Prati, a large demolition project was planned in Campo Marzio, envisaging a new artery climbing down thePincio and reaching Ponte Cavour. The plan was then modified, and in 1926 a massive refurbishment started in the area near theMausoleum of Augustus, demolishing about 120 houses and creating a big empty space around it.
Northward, Campo Marzio is delimited by theAurelian Walls (alongside ViaLuisa di Savoia) and byPiazzale Flaminio, that separates it fromQuartiereFlaminio (Q. I). To the north, it also borders withQuartierePinciano (Q. III), whose border is marked by Piazzale Flaminio and by the portion of the Aurelian Walls beside Viale del Muro Torto.
Eastward, Campo Marzio borders withLudovisi (R. XVI), from which it is separated by Via diPorta Pinciana and ViaFrancesco Crispi.
To the south, it borders with other 3rioni:Colonna (R. III), from which Campo Marzio is separated by Via Francesco Crispi, Via Capo le Case, Via dei Due Macelli, Via Frattina, Piazza di San Lorenzo in Lucina and Via di Campo Marzio;Sant'Eustachio (R. VIII), whose boundary is defined by Piazza in Campo Marzio, Via della Stelletta and Via dei Portoghesi; andPonte (R. V), the boundary being a brief stretch of Via dell'Orso and Via del Cancello, up to theTiber.
To the west, Campo Marzio boundary is theTiber itself, that separates it fromPrati (R. XXII).
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41°54′N12°28′E / 41.900°N 12.467°E /41.900; 12.467
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