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COVID-19 pandemic in Suriname

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ongoing COVID-19 viral pandemic in Suriname

COVID-19 pandemic in Suriname
DiseaseCOVID-19
Virus strainSARS-CoV-2
LocationSuriname
First outbreakNetherlands
Index caseParamaribo
Arrival date13 March 2020
(5 years, 7 months, 1 week and 3 days)
Confirmed cases82,516[1]
Recovered81,580 (updated 23 July 2023)[2]
Deaths
1,406[1]
Government website
https://covid-19.sr

TheCOVID-19 pandemic in Suriname was caused bySevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have reachedSuriname on 13 March 2020. The case was a person who travelled from theNetherlands the previous week.[3] On 3 April 2020, one person died.[4] On 3 May 2020, all nine cases had recovered.[5] On 18 May, an eleventh case was identified.[6]

Background

[edit]

On 12 January 2020, theWorld Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that anovel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.[7][8]

Thecase fatality rate forCOVID-19 has been much lower thanSARS of 2003,[9][10] but thetransmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll.[11][9]

Timeline

[edit]
COVID-19 cases in Suriname  ()
     Deaths        Recoveries        Active cases
2020202020212021
MarMarAprAprMayMayJunJunJulJulAugAugSepSepOctOctNovNovDecDec
JanJanFebFebMarMarAprAprMayMayJunJunJulJulAugAug
Last 15 daysLast 15 days
Date
# of cases
# of deaths
2020-03-13
0(n.a.)
⋮
2020-03-19
0(n.a.)
2020-03-20
0(n.a.)
2020-03-21
0(n.a.)
2020-03-22
0(n.a.)
2020-03-23
0(n.a.)
2020-03-24
0(n.a.)
⋮
0(n.a.)
2020-03-31
0(n.a.)
⋮
0(n.a.)
2020-04-03
1(n.a.)
⋮
1(=)
2020-04-07
1(=)
2020-04-08
1(=)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2020-04-13
1(n.a.)
⋮
1(=)
2020-04-24
1(=)
⋮
1(=)
2020-04-29
1(=)
⋮
1(=)
2020-05-03
1(=)
⋮
1(=)
2020-05-18
1(=)
⋮
1(=)
2020-05-28
1(=)
2020-05-29
1(=)
2020-05-30
1(=)
2020-05-31
1(=)
2020-06-01
1(=)
2020-06-02
1(=)
2020-06-03
1(=)
2020-06-04
1(=)
2020-06-05
1(=)
2020-06-06
1(=)
2020-06-07
1(=)
2020-06-08
2(+100%)
2020-06-09
2(=)
2020-06-10
2(=)
2020-06-11
2(=)
2020-06-12
3(+50%)
2020-06-13
3(=)
2020-06-14
3(=)
2020-06-15
5(+67%)
2020-06-16
6(+20%)
2020-06-17
6(=)
2020-06-18
7(+17%)
2020-06-19
7(=)
2020-06-20
7(=)
2020-06-21
8(+14%)
2020-06-22
8(=)
2020-06-23
9(+12%)
2020-06-24
10(+11%)
2020-06-25
10(=)
2020-06-26
10(=)
2020-06-27
11(+10%)
2020-06-28
11(=)
2020-06-29
13(+18%)
2020-06-30
13(=)
2020-07-01
13(=)
2020-07-02
13(=)
2020-07-03
13(=)
2020-07-04
14(+7.7%)
2020-07-05
14(=)
2020-07-06
14(=)
2020-07-07
16(+14%)
2020-07-08
17(+6.2%)
2020-07-09
17(=)
2020-07-10
18(+5.9%)
2020-07-11
18(=)
2020-07-12
18(=)
2020-07-13
18(=)
2020-07-14
18(=)
2020-07-15
18(=)
2020-07-16
18(=)
2020-07-17
19(+5.6%)
2020-07-18
20(+5.3%)
2020-07-19
21(+5%)
2020-07-20
21(=)
2020-07-21
21(=)
2020-07-22
21(=)
2020-07-23
23(+9.5%)
2020-07-24
23(=)
2020-07-25
23(=)
2020-07-26
23(=)
2020-07-27
24(+4.3%)
2020-07-28
24(=)
2020-07-29
26(+8.3%)
2020-07-30
26(=)
2020-07-31
26(=)
2020-08-01
26(=)
2020-08-02
27(+3.8%)
2020-08-03
27(=)
2020-08-04
27(=)
2020-08-05
27(=)
2020-08-06
29(+7.4%)
2020-08-07
29(=)
2020-08-08
29(=)
2020-08-09
29(=)
2020-08-10
30(+3.4%)
2020-08-11
39(+30%)
2020-08-12
39(=)
2020-08-13
40(+2.6%)
2020-08-14
41(+2.5%)
2020-08-15
42(+2.4%)
2020-08-16
47(+12%)
2020-08-17
48(+2.1%)
2020-08-18
54(+12%)
2020-08-19
54(=)
2020-08-20
55(+1.9%)
2020-08-21
56(+1.8%)
2020-08-22
57(+1.8%)
2020-08-23
58(+1.8%)
2020-08-24
60(+3.4%)
2020-08-25
60(=)
2020-08-26
62(+3.3%)
2020-08-27
66(+6.5%)
2020-08-28
66(=)
2020-08-29
67(+1.5%)
2020-08-30
67(=)
2020-08-31
71(+6%)
2020-09-01
72(+1.4%)
2020-09-02
72(=)
2020-09-03
73(+1.4%)
2020-09-04
75(+2.7%)
2020-09-05
77(+2.7%)
2020-09-06
85(+10%)
2020-09-07
91(+7.1%)
2020-09-08
91(=)
2020-09-09
92(+1.1%)
2020-09-10
93(+1.1%)
2020-09-11
93(=)
2020-09-12
93(=)
2020-09-13
93(=)
2020-09-14
95(+2.2%)
2020-09-15
95(=)
2020-09-16
95(=)
2020-09-17
95(=)
2020-09-18
96(+1.1%)
2020-09-19
97(+1%)
2020-09-20
97(=)
2020-09-21
97(=)
2020-09-22
100(+3.1%)
2020-09-23
101(+1%)
2020-09-24
102(+0.99%)
2020-09-25
102(=)
2020-09-26
102(=)
2020-09-27
102(=)
2020-09-28
102(=)
2020-09-29
104(+2%)
2020-09-30
104(=)
2020-10-01
105(+0.96%)
2020-10-02
105(=)
2020-10-03
106(+0.95%)
2020-10-04
106(=)
2020-10-05
106(=)
2020-10-06
106(=)
2020-10-07
106(=)
2020-10-08
106(=)
2020-10-09
106(=)
2020-10-10
107(+0.94%)
2020-10-11
107(=)
2020-10-12
107(=)
2020-10-13
107(=)
2020-10-14
108(+0.93%)
2020-10-15
109(+0.93%)
2020-10-16
109(=)
2020-10-17
109(=)
2020-10-18
109(=)
2020-10-19
109(=)
2020-10-20
109(=)
2020-10-21
109(=)
2020-10-22
109(=)
2020-10-23
109(=)
2020-10-24
109(=)
2020-10-25
109(=)
2020-10-26
110(+0.92%)
2020-10-27
111(+0.91%)
2020-10-28
111(=)
2020-10-29
111(=)
2020-10-30
111(=)
2020-10-31
111(=)
2020-11-01
111(=)
2020-11-02
111(=)
2020-11-03
111(=)
2020-11-04
112(+0.9%)
2020-11-05
112(=)
2020-11-06
112(=)
2020-11-07
113(+0.89%)
2020-11-08
113(=)
2020-11-09
113(=)
2020-11-10
113(=)
2020-11-11
113(=)
2020-11-12
114(+0.88%)
2020-11-13
114(=)
2020-11-14
114(=)
2020-11-15
114(=)
2020-11-16
115(+0.88%)
2020-11-17
116(+0.87%)
2020-11-18
116(=)
2020-11-19
116(=)
2020-11-20
116(=)
2020-11-21
116(=)
2020-11-22
116(=)
2020-11-23
116(=)
2020-11-24
116(=)
2020-11-25
117(+0.86%)
2020-11-26
117(=)
2020-11-27
117(=)
2020-11-28
117(=)
2020-11-29
117(=)
2020-11-30
117(=)
2020-12-01
117(=)
2020-12-02
117(=)
2020-12-03
117(=)
2020-12-04
117(=)
2020-12-05
117(=)
2020-12-06class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2020-12-07
117(n.a.)
2020-12-08
117(=)
2020-12-09
117(=)
2020-12-10
117(=)
2020-12-11
117(=)
2020-12-12
117(=)
2020-12-13
117(=)
2020-12-14
117(=)
2020-12-15
117(=)
2020-12-16
117(=)
2020-12-17
117(=)
2020-12-18
117(=)
2020-12-19
118(+0.85%)
2020-12-20
118(=)
2020-12-21
118(=)
2020-12-22
118(=)
2020-12-23
118(=)
2020-12-24
118(=)
2020-12-25
119(+0.85%)
2020-12-26
119(=)
2020-12-27
119(=)
2020-12-28
120(+0.84%)
2020-12-29
120(=)
2020-12-30
120(=)
2020-12-31
122(+1.7%)
2021-01-01
123(+0.82%)
2021-01-02
123(=)
2021-01-03
123(=)
2021-01-04
124(+0.81%)
2021-01-05
125(+0.81%)
2021-01-06
126(+0.8%)
2021-01-07
130(+3.2%)
2021-01-08
131(+0.77%)
2021-01-09
132(+0.76%)
2021-01-10
133(+0.76%)
2021-01-11
138(+3.8%)
2021-01-12
138(=)
2021-01-13
139(+0.72%)
2021-01-14
139(=)
2021-01-15
139(=)
2021-01-16
141(+1.4%)
2021-01-17
141(=)
2021-01-18
145(+2.8%)
2021-01-19
146(+0.69%)
2021-01-20
146(=)
2021-01-21
146(=)
2021-01-22
148(+1.4%)
2021-01-23
148(=)
2021-01-24
149(+0.68%)
2021-01-25
149(=)
2021-01-26
150(+0.67%)
2021-01-27
152(+1.3%)
2021-01-28
154(+1.3%)
2021-01-29
154(=)
2021-01-30
154(=)
2021-01-31
154(=)
2021-02-01
156(+1.3%)
2021-02-02
156(=)
2021-02-03
156(=)
2021-02-04
158(+1.3%)
2021-02-05
158(=)
2021-02-06
160(+1.3%)
2021-02-07
161(+0.62%)
2021-02-08
162(+0.62%)
2021-02-09
163(+0.62%)
2021-02-10
164(+0.61%)
2021-02-11
166(+1.2%)
2021-02-12
166(=)
2021-02-13
166(=)
2021-02-14
166(=)
2021-02-15
167(+0.6%)
2021-02-16
167(=)
2021-02-17
168(+0.6%)
2021-02-18
168(=)
2021-02-19
168(=)
2021-02-20
168(=)
2021-02-21
168(=)
2021-02-22
168(=)
2021-02-23
170(+1.2%)
2021-02-24
170(=)
2021-02-25
170(=)
2021-02-26
170(=)
2021-02-27
170(=)
2021-02-28
171(+0.59%)
2021-03-01
173(+1.2%)
2021-03-02
173(=)
2021-03-03
173(=)
2021-03-04
175(+1.2%)
2021-03-05
175(=)
2021-03-06
175(=)
2021-03-07
175(=)
2021-03-08
175(=)
2021-03-09
175(=)
2021-03-10
175(=)
2021-03-11
176(+0.57%)
2021-03-12
176(=)
2021-03-13
176(=)
2021-03-14
176(=)
2021-03-15
176(=)
2021-03-16
176(=)
2021-03-17
176(=)
2021-03-18
176(=)
2021-03-19
176(=)
2021-03-20
176(=)
2021-03-21
176(=)
2021-03-22
177(+0.57%)
2021-03-23
177(=)
2021-03-24
177(=)
2021-03-25
177(=)
2021-03-26
177(=)
2021-03-27
177(=)
2021-03-28
177(=)
2021-03-29
177(=)
2021-03-30
177(=)
2021-03-31
177(=)
2021-04-01
177(=)
2021-04-02
177(=)
2021-04-03
177(=)
2021-04-04
177(=)
2021-04-05
177(=)
2021-04-06
178(+0.56%)
2021-04-07
178(=)
2021-04-08
178(=)
2021-04-09
178(=)
2021-04-10
179(+0.56%)
2021-04-11
182(+1.7%)
2021-04-12
182(=)
2021-04-13
184(+1.1%)
2021-04-14
184(=)
2021-04-15
185(+0.54%)
2021-04-16
187(+1.1%)
2021-04-17
187(=)
2021-04-18
187(=)
2021-04-19
188(+0.53%)
2021-04-20
188(=)
2021-04-21
189(+0.53%)
2021-04-22
191(+1.1%)
2021-04-23
193(+1%)
2021-04-24
195(+1%)
2021-04-25
198(+1.5%)
2021-04-26
201(+1.5%)
2021-04-27
201(=)
2021-04-28
201(=)
2021-04-29
201(=)
2021-04-30
204(+1.5%)
2021-05-01
205(+0.49%)
2021-05-02
207(+0.98%)
2021-05-03
207(=)
2021-05-04
212(+2.4%)
2021-05-05
212(=)
2021-05-06
213(+0.47%)
2021-05-07
214(+0.47%)
2021-05-08
214(=)
2021-05-09
215(+0.47%)
2021-05-10
218(+1.4%)
2021-05-11
220(+0.92%)
2021-05-12
220(=)
2021-05-13
221(+0.45%)
2021-05-14
223(+0.9%)
2021-05-15
224(+0.45%)
2021-05-16
228(+1.8%)
2021-05-17
230(+0.88%)
2021-05-18
238(+3.5%)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2021-05-21
243(n.a.)
2021-05-22
245(+0.82%)
2021-05-23
249(+1.6%)
2021-05-24
256(+2.8%)
2021-05-25
261(+2%)
2021-05-26
268(+2.7%)
2021-05-27
275(+2.6%)
2021-05-28
282(+2.5%)
2021-05-29
288(+2.1%)
2021-05-30
292(+1.4%)
2021-05-31
302(+3.4%)
2021-06-01
313(+3.6%)
2021-06-02
316(+0.96%)
2021-06-03
325(+2.8%)
2021-06-04
332(+2.2%)
2021-06-05
339(+2.1%)
2021-06-06
350(+3.2%)
2021-06-07
355(+1.4%)
2021-06-08
363(+2.3%)
2021-06-09
373(+2.8%)
2021-06-10
384(+2.9%)
2021-06-11
390(+1.6%)
2021-06-12
393(+0.77%)
2021-06-13
404(+2.8%)
2021-06-14
412(+2%)
2021-06-15
418(+1.5%)
2021-06-16
427(+2.2%)
2021-06-17
436(+2.1%)
2021-06-18
443(+1.6%)
2021-06-19
454(+2.5%)
2021-06-20
460(+1.3%)
2021-06-21
467(+1.5%)
2021-06-22
477(+2.1%)
2021-06-23
482(+1%)
2021-06-24
490(+1.7%)
2021-06-25
494(+0.82%)
2021-06-26
499(+1%)
2021-06-27
507(+1.6%)
2021-06-28
512(+0.99%)
2021-06-29
516(+0.78%)
2021-06-30
522(+1.2%)
2021-07-01
531(+1.7%)
2021-07-02
539(+1.5%)
2021-07-03
541(+0.37%)
2021-07-04
545(+0.74%)
2021-07-05
548(+0.55%)
2021-07-06
552(+0.73%)
2021-07-07
559(+1.3%)
2021-07-08
563(+0.72%)
2021-07-09
568(+0.89%)
2021-07-10
575(+1.2%)
2021-07-11
582(+1.2%)
2021-07-12
587(+0.86%)
2021-07-13
594(+1.2%)
2021-07-14
597(+0.51%)
2021-07-15
605(+1.3%)
2021-07-16
607(+0.33%)
2021-07-17
607(=)
2021-07-18
611(+0.66%)
2021-07-19
614(+0.49%)
2021-07-20
620(+0.98%)
2021-07-21
625(+0.81%)
2021-07-22
626(+0.16%)
2021-07-23
627(+0.16%)
2021-07-24
628(+0.16%)
2021-07-25
631(+0.48%)
2021-07-26
634(+0.48%)
2021-07-27
638(+0.63%)
2021-07-28
640(+0.31%)
2021-07-29
643(+0.47%)
2021-07-30
645(+0.31%)
2021-07-31
649(+0.62%)
2021-08-01
651(+0.31%)
2021-08-02
652(+0.15%)
2021-08-03
654(+0.31%)
2021-08-04
657(+0.46%)
2021-08-05
658(+0.15%)
2021-08-06
659(+0.15%)
2021-08-07
662(+0.46%)
2021-08-08
665(+0.45%)
2021-08-09
667(+0.3%)
2021-08-10
669(+0.3%)
2021-08-11
671(+0.3%)
2021-08-12
672(+0.15%)
2021-08-13
676(+0.6%)
2021-08-14
680(+0.59%)
2021-08-15
683(+0.44%)
2021-08-16
685(+0.29%)
2021-08-17
689(+0.58%)
Data sourced fromCovid Suriname
Cases
Cases
Deaths
Deaths

March 2020

[edit]

On 2 March, the backtrack route betweenGuyana and Suriname was closed.[12] Originally the closure was for one week, but was extended until further notice.[13]

Suriname was considered a country at risk due to a 'weak' health system. On 3 March,Jerry Slijngard of the National Coordination Centre for Emergency Management (NCCR) was not sure whether the country could handle a massive outbreak: "If we are talking about two or three people, we can handle it, but a hundred or a thousand is a different ball game."[14]

On13 March, Suriname's Vice PresidentAshwin Adhin announced the first confirmed case of coronavirus in the country: an individual who arrived from theNetherlands multiple days prior to testing positive. As a result, the country announced that its borders and all airports would shut down at midnight on 14 March.[3][15]

On 16 March, all schools were closed to prevent further spread.[16]

On 24 March,Antoine Joly, theFrench ambassador to Suriname, became the eight case.[17] Because he was in reasonable condition, he was transported toCayenne inFrench Guiana on 29 March, where he quarantined.[18]

On 28 March, a partial lock-down was announced with acurfew between 20:00 and 06:00 by PresidentDési Bouterse.[19]
The measures were being supported by themaroon andindigenous people.Bono Velanti,granman (paramount chief) of theNdyuka, instructed his people to remain at home.[20] Albert Aboikoni, granman of theSaramaka, sent an audio message to thechieftains to comply with the measures.[21] Ipomadi Pelenapïn, granman of theWayana announced the closure of their villages.[22]The association of indigenous village chiefs in Suriname had announced their ownCOVID-19 measures.[23]

April 2020

[edit]
Central Laboratory, Paramaribo

On 2 April, three patients were released from the hospital after testing negative twice for the virus. They would remain under house quarantine for another week.[24] 274 people, including all healthcare workers had been tested.[25]
Minister Stephan Tsang of Trade, Industry and Tourism warned of difficult times ahead.[26] The country was already in a financial crisis made worse by a CCC+ (junk) rating byStandard & Poor's.[27]

On3 April, Suriname announced the firstCOVID-19 related death. The deceased was the husband of the first case.[4]
There were now 10 confirmed cases. The first case spread to five people, with two cases arriving fromAruba. One outgoing patient infected two people.[28][29][30][31]
The hospitals shared 30 ventilators between them,[32] and on 16 March the staff of the St. Vincentius Ziekenhuis complained about a lack of supplies to adequately deal withCOVID-19 patients.[33]

Regional Hospital Wanica

On 6 April, a specializedCOVID-19 ward was opened in theRegional Hospital Wanica inLelydorp.[34] Wanica was Suriname's newest hospital facility which had opened earlier in the year on 7 February.[35] Wanica had already looked after ambassador Antoine Joly.[17] The hospital would also be used for quarantines.[33]
The International Academy of Suriname has announced that theexaminations would continue online, and thatstudents progress would be tracked through Distance education.[36]

On 7 April, Ambassador Joly recovered fromCOVID-19.[37] The three patients released on April 2 were declared officially to have been clear of the virus .[38]
André Misiekaba, minister of Social Affairs and Housing, said that Suriname was not in a condition yet for emergency funds, but that food packages had been distributed to a hundred villages in the interior.[39]

On 8 April, the Law Exceptional ConditionCOVID-19 (State of Emergency) was approved by theNational Assembly.[40] The State of Emergency would go into effect for three months unless the National Assembly one-off extends the duration for another three months.[41]
Alibaba donated two ventilators, 30,000 masks and 2,000 tests to the Ministry of Health.[42]

On 9 April, theEuropean Union announced a grant of €8M (US$8.6M), which would be implemented by theCaribbean Public Health Agency, for the fight against the coronavirus. Suriname is one of the 24 members of the CARPHA.[43]

Danielle Veira

On 11 April, President Bouterse came under scrutiny by attending a largeNDP gathering inFlora and not observing social distancing despite addressing the nation on 10 April[44] and urging the population to observe social distancing.[45] On 13 April, Bouterse apologized for his behavior.[46]

On 13 April, two more patients were declared recovered.[47]
The population was still confronted with widespreadprice gouging.[48] The increased prices were not just related to theCOVID-19 pandemic, but were also made worse by the Currency Law which passed on 24 March making transactions inforeign currencies illegal.[49]

Cleopatra Jessurun

On 16 April, education lessons would start on broadcasting on television, because it had been unclear when regular classes could resume.[50]
Minouche Bromet of the Ministry of Health said that wearing a mask if you were healthy would not be necessary, because there was no community spread in Suriname.[51]

On 17 April, the repatriates of the 2 April flight fromMiami, were released from quarantine after an exit screening. 41 people were placed in quarantine.[52] On 20 April, Jerry Slijngard said that the group still in quarantine tried to illegally cross the border.[53]

On 20 April, Cleopatra Jessurun, Director of the Ministry of Health, announced that the last three patients were in a healthy condition and would be released after they test negative twice for the virus.[54]

On 23 April,Medische Zending closed their outpatient clinic in Gonini Krikimofo. One of their employees had been in contact with one of the nine cases diagnosed on 22 April inGrand-Santi, French Guiana.[55] Other outpatient clinics in EastSipaliwini were only open for emergencies andpre-natal care, otherwise they would only be reachable by telephone.[56] Medische Zending announced on 25 April that they were sending an epidemiological team to Gonini Krikimofo who would screen and test the entire community. The French health authorities would do the same on the other side of the river.[57] The clinic in Gonini Krikimofo reopened on 30 April. The two employees were reported to be healthy and the clinic was disinfected. The population of Tjaboe Tabiki was screened and tested negative.[58] On 13 May, it was reported by the French health service that there had been no new cases in Grand-Santi for two weeks.[59]

On 29 April, another person was discharged from the hospital, after testing negative twice for the virus. The person would be officially declared recovered after still testing negative for another week. One individual was still reported to be at's Lands Hospitaal.[60]

May 2020

[edit]

On 2 May, theStar Nieuws reported that the last person was released from 's Lands Hospital after testing negative twice. The case who was diagnosed on 13 March had not yet officially been declared well.[61] The total number of people tested on 1 May was 532.[62]

On3 May, Suriname officially became virus free. The Crisis Management Team reminded everybody that it was important to remain on alert, and that the border situation is would still be a source of concern.[5]

To guarantee the absence ofCOVID-19, samples were passed on thePasteur Institute in Cayenne. Mirdad Kazanji, Director of the Pasteur Institute explained that both laboratories have been sending negative and positive samples to each other as a quality control.[63]

On 5 May, theWorld Bank provided US$412,000 to Suriname to purchase essential medical supplies for the country's emergency response to theCOVID-19 pandemic.[64]

On 9 May, President Bouterse announced an easing of the curfew from 23:00 to 05:00 starting 10 May. The lock-down on the Marowijne, Lawa and Tapanahony rivers would be eased from 18:00 to 06:00.[65] An economic support program would be put in place and resumption of schools was considered for 1 June.[66]

On 11 May, the government announced an economic support program. SRD 400 million had been reserved to aid the people and businesses.[67]
Huawei donated 1,000 tablets for e-learning.[68]

On 13 May, the Ministry of Finance announced a tax and work support program.[69]

On 18 May, an eleventh case was identified. It concerned an illegal immigrant who was detained together nine others nearNieuw Amsterdam.[6]

On 21 May, President Bouterse announced that the partial lockdown will be suspended on 24 and 25 May, due to the upcomingelections, but reinstated on the 26 May. Air travel inside Suriname would be allowed as of 22 May.[70]

On 25 May, ageneral election was held despite the pandemic.

On 28 May, a new case had been discovered. The person had returned fromFrench Guiana toAlbina.[71]

On 30 May, two more cases were discovered. In both cases the original is still unknown. An epidemiological team was sent toMarowijne District to investigate.[72] As a precautionary measure, internal flights were suspended,[73] and the bridge atStolkertsijver was closed.[74] District commissionerYvonne Pinas [nl] ofBoven Saramacca was one of the people who tested positive.[75]

On 31 May, the village ofKlaaskreek isolated itself at 18:00. Klaaskreek was the town where Yvonne Pinas had voted.[76] The number of active cases had increased to 23. The count of 24 was erroneous and had been corrected.[77]

June 2020

[edit]

On 1 June, President Bouterse announced that the partial lock down would be back in effect from 18:00 to 06:00, and that all easements of restrictions would be cancelled.[78]

On 3 June, Vice President Ashwin Adhin announced a full lockdown starting 4 June 18:00 until 12 June 06:00. People were askedStay-at-home by the government.[79] Supermarkets, bakeries, gas stations, etc. would remain open between 08:00 and 17:00.[80]

On 5 June,Nieuw Jacobkondre and surrounding villages were placed in quarantine. Other villages in the interior were screened as well.[81]

On 6 June, Danielle Veira announced a totallockdown from Monday 8 June until 21 June, because the soft lock down was not being respected.[82]

On 8 June, people were only allowed outside based on their surname.[83] A second death was reported of a woman who died atRegional Hospital Wanica.[84] President Bouterse had announced that the deceased was named Haidy Pinas.[85] Bouterse also announced the suspension of the country's vehicle registration system.[86]

On 11 June, it was announced thatJerry Slijngard, part of the COVID-19 management team and Director National Coordination Centre for Emergency, was diagnosed COVID-19 positive.[87] Of the 24 new infections, 11 were in the Brazilian border village ofSipaliwini Savanna.[88]

On 12 June, a third person died of COVID-19. He died at home, and because his symptoms were consistent with COVID-19, he received a postmortem test.[89]

On 14 June, theGovernment of Suriname has asked theDutch Government for assistance. Specific details were sparse but it would have Surinamers voor Surinamers (SU4SU) included in the efforts.[90] SU4SU has started a fund raising program both in Suriname and the Netherlands that weekend.[91]

On 19 June, a mother who was diagnosed COVID-19 positive gave birth to a healthy son.[92]

On 20 June, it was announced that the lockdown would be softened from 21:00 until 05:00, starting on 21 June.[93]

On 27 June there was an increase of 76 cases. Most of the cases were the result of testing in the South-east of Suriname byMedische Zending, which resulted in further identifications of infections in most villages.[94]

July 2020

[edit]

On 1 July,Paul Somohardjo, chairman ofPertjajah Luhur and coalition partner of the new government, had been diagnosed COVID-19 positive. He was taken to theAcademic Hospital Paramaribo on the evening of 30 June.[95]Chan Santokhi,Gregory Rusland andRonnie Brunswijk went into quarantine, because they had been in long meetings with Somohardjo about the new government. It is likely that more politicians went into quarantine.[96]Albert Ramdin toldDe Ware Tijd that the transition of government and election of a newPresident andVice President would continue even though some arrangements and procedures had to be altered.[97] Both Rusland and Brunswijk had tested COVID-19 positive, however Santokhi tested negative.[98]

On 2 July, theNational Assembly meeting of 2 July was rescheduled to 6 July. President Bouterse had tested negative.[99] All members of the National Assembly were tested as well, as a precautionary measure.[100]

On 3 July,Dew Sharman, Vice Chairman of the National Assembly, announced that the Presidential Elections would be postponed to 10 July at the earliest.[101] The Presidential Elections were held on 13 July.[102]
30 medical professionals from the Netherlands volunteered to assist in Suriname. The first seven had left for the country on 3 July. All are experienced with handling COVID-19.[103]

On 5 July, it was reported that 83 employees ofRosebel Gold Mines had contracted COVID-19. The employees have been locked down in the mines for three weeks now, and it is unclear when their quarantine would have ended.[104]

As of 6 July, educational institutions would be permitted to reopen in the upcoming examination year.[105] Schools in East Suriname would remain closed and villages remaining under lockdown due to area being a COVID-19 hotspot cluster. It concerns the area fromStoelmanseiland up toAntonio do Brinco.[106]

On 17 July, the new Minister of HealthAmar Ramadhin announced a new policy, with changes on the publishing of data, where it would be once a day at 20:00 (UTC−3).[107]

On 20 July, a quarantine and isolation facility was to be set up at Stoelmanseiland. Between 11 July and 15 July, a medical team had been testing in the interior between Stoelmanseiland andDiitabiki, and 23 out of 32 people tested positive for symptoms.[108]

On 25 July, additional measure were announced by PresidentChan Santokhi, because the increase of cases:

  • Wearing of face masks outdoors is mandatory.
  • Keeping at least a distance of 1.5 meters for others.
  • Regularly disinfecting of your hands.[109]

August 2020

[edit]

On 11 August, Santokhi announced a series of new measures, requiring the use of face masks, reducing operating practices of restaurants, and prohibiting groups of 5 or people from gathering except for work, education, religious gatherings and funerals. The national curfew would be from 21:00 to 5:00 everyday until 23 August.[110]

On 19 August, Health Minister Ramadhin told reporters that the mortuary Wanica Regional Hospital had already reached its maximum capacity, and was critical of persons who continued to ignore measures put in place to curb the spread.[111]

October 2020

[edit]

On 1 October, the new school year starts with preventive measures in place.

Preventive measures

[edit]

A soft lock down has been announced from 4 June 18:00 until 12 June 06:00.[79] It changed to total lockdown from 8 June to 21 June.[82] People will only be allowed on the street on certain days based on their surname.[83]

From Sunday 21 June onwards, the following measures are in effect in Suriname:

  • Lock down from 21:00 until 05:00.[93] As of 6 July, 22:00 to 05:00.[112] From 26 July until 10 August, a lock down from 21:00 until 05:00.[109]
  • Hotels, casinos, churches, sport centres etc. remain closed. Other businesses can reopen.[93] As of 6 July, all can reopen with social distancing measures.[112] From 26 July until 10 August, closed again.[109]
  • Restaurants are take-away only.[93]
  • Internal flights are possible under restrictions.[93]
  • Limited visitation of the elderly is possible.[93]
  • State of Emergency. The government has extended powers like taking vacant buildings and offices for the use of quarantine.[40]
  • Public transport has been halted.[113] As of 6 July, public transport can resume according to the health protocol.[112]
  • Ban on gathering of groups with more than 5 people.[78]
  • Schools will reopen on 6 July for students in their examination year.[105]
  • From 26 July until 10 August, wearing of masks in mandatory.[109]

East-Suriname is excepted and will remain under lock down.[112] It concerns the area fromStoelmanseiland up toAntonio do Brinco.[106]

Old measures

[edit]

The following measures were in effect in Suriname prior to 4 June:

  • All borders, airports and ports[113] are closed for passengers.[3] Air travel within Suriname will be allowed as of 22 May.[70] Air travel inside Suriname has been suspended as of 31 May.[73]
  • All schools are closed.[16]
  • Ban on gathering of groups with more than 10 people.[113] From 10 May onward, groups with more than 50 people will be prohibited.[65] From 2 June onward, groups with more than 5 people will be prohibited.[78]
  • Curfew between 20:00 and 06:00.[19] From 10 May, the curfew will be 23:00 to 05:00, but 18:00 to 06:00 on the Marowijne, Lawa and Tapanahony rivers.[65] From 2 June, curfew between 18:00 and 06:00.[78]
  • Home quarantine is no longer allowed for new cases.[114]
  • State of Emergency. The government has extended powers like taking vacant buildings and offices for the use of quarantine.[40]
  • Public transport has been halted.[113]
  • Businesses including hotels and sports schools can reopen as of 15 May providing they abide to the social distancing regulations.[115] As of 22 May, markets and casinos can reopen.[116] Restrictions have been reinstated as of 2 June.[78]

Repatriation

[edit]
16 March at the offices ofAir France–KLM

The closure of the borders initially caused concern with both foreigners inside Suriname and Surinamese people aboard. Suriname is a former colony of the Netherlands and shares Dutch as theofficial language, therefore there are always a large amount people going back and forthbetween the countries.

Initially some repatriation flights were allowed including flights to the Netherlands, but the level of infections aboard and the identification of two cases on a flight from Aruba[28] resulted in concern.

On 3 April, a group ofDutch people in Suriname were scheduled to be repatriated,[117] but there was an issue with the plane which resulted it in arriving a day late. They have been housed in two hotels where they had been quarantined, because Dutch citizens fromGuyana were on the same flight.[118] A second plane had repatriated them on 5 April.[119]

On 7 April,Danielle Veira announced that the repatriation of Surinamese people abroad was postponed for the time being. It was also announced that home quarantine would not be allowed anymore, because of some people kept leaving their house despite being quarantined.[114][120]

As of 9 April, there were 893 stranded people of which 603 were in theNetherlands and 88 in theUnited States.[121] A total 513 people from abroad in Suriname had been repatriated.[122]

On 14 April, Danielle Veira contactedIrene Lalji, a lawyer representing a hundred stranded citizens in the Netherlands, to inform her that they were preparing to schedule a first flight for repatriation that week, and increasing the capacity for quarantine.[123]

On 15 April, a group of overTrinidadian 40 people within the country were reported to be in a "desperate" situation. 33 people of the group had been hired byStaatsolie, the national oil company. Despite multiple contacts to the Consulate andCARICOM, no plans to repatriate them had been made.[124] On 30 April, a chartered a plane was scheduled that was able to return them.[125]
The first repatriation flight fromAmsterdam to Paramaribo had been announced on 19 April. On 20 April, the first 200 people were brought home. Veira stressed that they would be quarantined in Hotel Babylon,[126] Royal Torarica, and Eco resort[127] on return.[128] On 21 April, the plane returned Dutch people stranded in Suriname.[129]

On 24 April, Jessurun said that four bodies of recently deceased persons in the Netherlands could not be flown to Suriname. Two of the four had died of COVID-19.[130]
There is a group of Cubans stranded in Suriname without money. Veira has indicated that a repatriation flight is being considered.[131]

On 4 May, the next phase of repatriation was announced: 6 May:Belém, Brazil, 7 May: Guyana, 8 May: the second group of 220 people in the Netherlands.[132] The flight to Belém had been postponed to 7 May to allow for Brazilians stranded in Suriname.[133] 15 May: India.[134][115]

On 15 May, 11 out of 23 people from India had been repatriated via India. Those still stranded would have to contact the embassy.

As of 15 May, there would be no more repatriation flights for the time being, which has also been due to the fact that there were 576 people in quarantine.[115]

Borders

[edit]

Suriname is bordered withFrench Guiana by theMarowijne river. There is no bridge between the two countries and border traffic has to use the ferry betweenAlbina andSaint-Laurent-du-Maroni.[135] On 11 April, Suriname andFrance announced joint efforts to prevent illegal crossings of the Marowijne,[136] and established a contact point in Albina and Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni.[137] On 13 April, thePrefect of French-Guinea mobilized the army to guard the river for its entire length.[138] On 15 April, John Samuel, chair of the political party De Nieuwe Wind and former consul to French Guinea, had been sent back when he tried to illegally cross the river to visit his family.[139] A total lockdown of the rivers on the eastern border was instituted from 30 April, and concerns the Marowijne,Lawa andTapanahony river. Essential traffic would be allowed,[140] however people who illegally crossed the rivers would have to quarantine for 14 days.[53] As of 2 May, the use ofskalians (gold dredges) on the rivers are forbidden. French Guiana had previously complained about the increase of – often illegal –gold prospectors.[141]

Suriname is bordered withGuyana by theCourantyne river, and border traffic has to use the Canawaima ferry betweenNieuw Nickerie andCorriverton, Guyana.[135] A bridge betweenApoera andOrealla in Guyana is still being planned.[142] On 21 April, Suriname andGuyana have agreed to allow legitimate trade over the Courantyne river, because the closure had resulted in food and fuel shortage in the Amerindian villages,Orealla and Siparuta.[143] The border will remain closed for people.[144]

Suriname's border withBrazil has been established by theTreaty of Limits[145] and mainly consists of impenetrablerainforest, and can be accessed through maroon and indigenous areas some of which arede jure autonomous like theNdyuka.[146] The discovery of gold has led to illegal border crossings and the establishment of villages in the border area.[147] The international drugs trade also exploits the backdoor.[148]

Notable deaths

[edit]

As of 17 April, there had only been one death reported in the Suriname, but there had been several COVID-19 related deaths of notable people abroad who either had aSurinamese nationality or a strong connection to Suriname.

On 30 March, Jorge Sebá, thehonorary consul of Suriname forBrazil, died inRio de Janeiro.[149]

On 3 April,Hans Prade, former ambassador of Suriname to the Netherlands and former President of the Surinamese Court of Auditors, died inRotterdam.[150]

On 10 April,Bas Mulder, a DutchCatholic priest known as a media personality and sports promoter, spend most of his life in Suriname, died inBoxmeer, the Netherlands.[151]

On 12 April, Surinamese-Dutch singer and percussionistKishen Bholasing died in theAcademic Medical Center inAmsterdam, the Netherlands aged 35.[152][153]

On 20 July 2021,Theo Jubitana, Captain of the indigenous villageHollandse Kamp and Chairman of the Association of Indigenous Village Heads Suriname (VIDS) died at the age of 56.[154]

Crisis management

[edit]
Ashwin Adhin
Ashwin Adhin – Vice President of Suriname

A National Public Health Response-team was set up in January 2020 who started to develop a response plan led by the director of the Ministry of Public Health, Cleopatra Jessurun. In cooperation with thePan American Health Organization the Central Laboratory (Bureau voor Openbare Gezondheidszorg – B.O.G.) started to develop a test system for the virus which was completed on 5 February,[155] and train healthcare workers.[156] Tests were also being carried out at the Medical Microbiological Laboratory of theAcademic Hospital Paramaribo.[157]

Jerry Slijngard

In March 2020 the council of ministers appointed a COVID-19 management team under the lead of the director of the Ministry of Public Health Cleopatra Jessurun and further consisted of:

  • The director of Directorate National Security, ColonelDanielle Veira
  • The director National Coordination Centre for Disaster Management (NCCR),Jerry Slijngard
  • Representatives of the following Ministries:

Ministry of Education, Science and Culture; Ministry of Trade and Industry; Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communications; Ministry of Defence; Ministry of Justice and Police;
Ministry of Regional Development; Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Ministry of Social Affairs and Public Housing; Ministry of Finance; Ministry of Agriculture, Husbandry and Fisheries; and

  • Representative of the Bureau Public Health
  • Representatives of several hospitals

To effectively manage the spread of the COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2) and minimize the negative effects of the crisis on Public Health, Security and Economy, the government of Suriname made use of the Grondwet ('Constitution') article 72c to announce a Civil Exceptional Status and passed the Law 'Exceptional Condition' COVID-19 in Parliament.[158]
Article 2 of the Law allowed for the establishment of a COVID-19 Crisis Management Team led by the Vice President of Suriname,Ashwin Adhin, and consisting of minimally the following members appointed by the President of Suriname Desi D. Bouterse:[159]

  • The director of Directorate National Security,colonel[160]Danielle Veira
  • The director of the Ministry of Justice and Police
  • The director of the Ministry of Public Health, Cleopatra Jessurun 
  • The director National Coordination Centre for Disaster Management (NCCR), Jerry Slijngard
  • The head of the National Hospital Council (NZR)
  • The head of the Epidemiological crisis committee (resorting under the director of the Bureau for Public Health and consisting of two Surinamese Epidemiologists and two Public Health specialists)
  • Two Surinamese infectiologists and a clinician.

The Law 'Exceptional Condition' also enabled the establishment of a Parliamentary Crisis Commission withJennifer Simons[161] as appointed head. The commission was to be informed of the measures the government took to manage the crisis and has the power to make binding decisions through Parliament on these measures with regard to compliance with the Law 'Exceptional Condition'.[162] The Law had been extended by one month as of 10 July 2020.Ashwin Adhin was replaced byRonnie Brunswijk.[163]

After thegeneral Surinamese 2020 election, the COVID-19 management team was replaced on 16 July 2020.[164] Danielle Veira and Jerry Slijngard retired and COVID-19 would no longer be managed by the Directorate National Security.[165]Amar Ramadhin, Minister of Health, became the new Director of the COVID-19 management team. Ronnie Brunswijk was placed in charged of the Parliamentary team. The medical team is headed byMarthelise Eersel, a former of Director Public Health. The medical specialists remain in the team.[166]

Statistics

[edit]

New cases per day

[edit]
This graph was using thelegacy Graph extension, which is no longer supported. It needs to be converted to thenew Chart extension.

Deaths per day

[edit]
This graph was using thelegacy Graph extension, which is no longer supported. It needs to be converted to thenew Chart extension.

Active cases per day

[edit]
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Cases per district

[edit]
Situation report of 17 July 2020
DistrictNumber of cases[167]Population
(2012 census)[168]		Cases per 100K
Paramaribo350240,924145
Wanica166118,222140
Sipaliwini8537,065229
Brokopondo[a]6815,909427
Marowijne5818,294317
Para1924,70077
Saramacca417,48023
Nickerie334,2339
Commewijne031,4200
Coronie03,3910

Notes:

  1. ^MainlyRosebel Gold Mines.[167]

Vaccination

[edit]

Suriname is receives its vaccins from theCOVAX system, that has made a selection for Suriname for theAstraZeneca vaccine.[169] In March 2021 Suriname received 50.000 vaccines fromIndia as a friendly gesture.[170] In the midst of April the number of vaccines run out,[171] and at the beginning of May Suriname requestedthe Netherlands for help.[172] On 15 May 2021, the Netherlands replied to donate 700.000COVID-19 vaccines to Suriname. This is enough to vaccinate all adults in Suriname.[173]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abMathieu, Edouard;Ritchie, Hannah; Rodés-Guirao, Lucas; Appel, Cameron; Giattino, Charlie; Hasell, Joe; Macdonald, Bobbie; Dattani, Saloni; Beltekian, Diana; Ortiz-Ospina, Esteban;Roser, Max (2020–2024)."Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19)".Our World in Data. Retrieved15 October 2025.
  2. ^"Suriname COVID - Coronavirus Statistics - Worldometer".
  3. ^abc"Suriname confirms first coronavirus case, authorities will close borders".Reuters. 13 March 2020. Retrieved13 March 2020 – via www.reuters.com.
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  42. ^"Ministry of Health receives protective equipment against Covid 19 (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved9 April 2020.
  43. ^"EU provides US$8.6M grant for C'bean to combat COVID-19".Kaieteur News. Retrieved9 April 2020.
  44. ^"Measures Covid 19 extended by two weeks situation border area alarming (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 10 April 2020. Archived fromthe original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved12 April 2020.
  45. ^"Bouterse flounts Covid 19 measures (in Dutch)".Suriname Herald. Retrieved12 April 2020.
  46. ^"President says 'sorry' to society (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved14 April 2020.
  47. ^"6 people who were infected, are cured (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved13 April 2020.
  48. ^"Citizen about high shop prices: you almost have no choice (in Dutch)".Dagblad Suriname. Retrieved14 April 2020.
  49. ^"Surinamese banks on strike in protest against Currency Law (in Dutch)".NRC Handelsblad. Retrieved14 April 2020.
  50. ^"education lessons on television start today in Suriname (in Dutch)".Waterkant. Retrieved16 April 2020.
  51. ^"Ministry of Health announces right moment to use masks (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 16 April 2020. Archived fromthe original on 28 April 2020. Retrieved16 April 2020.
  52. ^"Repatriants Miami out of quarantine (nl)".Covid Suriname. 18 April 2020. Archived fromthe original on 28 April 2020. Retrieved19 April 2020.
  53. ^ab"Persons who illegally cross the border are arrested (in Dutch)".Suriname Herald. Retrieved21 April 2020.
  54. ^"Last COVID patients recover well (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 20 April 2020. Archived fromthe original on 28 April 2020. Retrieved21 April 2020.
  55. ^"Medische Zending closes outpatient clinic in Goninikrikimofo due to Covid-19 contact (in Dutch)".De Ware Tijd. Retrieved23 April 2020.
  56. ^"Medische Zending adjust service to East Suriname (in Dutch)".Suriname Herald. Retrieved24 April 2020.
  57. ^"Medische Zending will send epidemiological team to East-Suriname".waterkant.net. Retrieved25 April 2020.
  58. ^"Outpatient clinic Gonini Krikimofo open again (in Dutch)".Covid-19 Suriname. 30 April 2020. Archived fromthe original on 9 May 2020. Retrieved1 May 2020.
  59. ^"Coronavirus : l'épidémie de Covid-19 à Grand-Santi circonscrite, aucun nouveau cas depuis le 30 avril".Guyane la 1ère. Retrieved13 May 2020.
  60. ^"Covid 19: only more person discharged from hospital (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws (in Dutch). Retrieved29 April 2020.
  61. ^"Covid-19: No infected person anymore in Suriname (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved3 May 2020.
  62. ^"More than 500 people tested for COVID-19 (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 5 May 2020. Archived fromthe original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved5 May 2020.
  63. ^"Suriname got rid of the Covid-19 epidemic and is preparing for Presidential elections on 25 May (in French)".Guyane la 1ère. Retrieved5 May 2020.
  64. ^"World Bank Supports COVID-19 Medical Response in Suriname".World Bank. Retrieved6 May 2020.
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  66. ^"President: "Verlenging en aanpassing lockdown"".Suriname Herald. Retrieved10 May 2020.
  67. ^"Government announces social package with increases (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved11 May 2020.
  68. ^"Huawei donates 1000 tablets for distance learning (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 11 May 2020. Archived fromthe original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved12 May 2020.
  69. ^"COVID-19 tax and work support measures (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 13 May 2020. Archived fromthe original on 14 May 2020. Retrieved13 May 2020.
  70. ^ab"President no lock-down on 24 and 25 May (in Dutch)".Suriname Herald. Retrieved22 May 2020.
  71. ^"Weer een COVID-19- positief geteste case erbij".Covid Suriname (in Dutch). 28 May 2020. Archived fromthe original on 6 June 2020. Retrieved28 May 2020.
  72. ^"Update recent COVID-19 infections (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 30 May 2020. Archived fromthe original on 18 June 2020. Retrieved31 May 2020.
  73. ^ab"Code red: no internal flights (in Dutch)".De Ware Tijd. Retrieved31 May 2020.
  74. ^"COVID 19 border controls sharpened bridge Stolkersijvers closed (in Dutch)".Suriname Herald. 31 May 2020. Retrieved31 May 2020.
  75. ^"DC Pinas tested positive for COVID-19 Voting bureau members Sipaliwini in quarantine".Suriname Herald (in Dutch). 31 May 2020.
  76. ^"Klaaskreek closed off; dc Pinas has voted there (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved1 June 2020.
  77. ^"23 persons tested positive on Coronavirus, 13 active cases".Waterkant.
  78. ^abcde"Lockdown as of 2 June from 6 to 6 (in Dutch)".De Ware Tijd. Archived fromthe original on 18 June 2020. Retrieved2 June 2020.
  79. ^ab"Starting tomorrow soft lock down in Suriname (in Dutch)".Suriname Herald. 3 June 2020. Retrieved3 June 2020.
  80. ^"Vice-president bevestigd total lockdown in Suriname tot 12 juni".Waterkant. Retrieved3 June 2020.
  81. ^"Nyun Jacobkondre and surrounding villages in quarantine (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 5 June 2020. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved6 June 2020.
  82. ^ab"Veira: 'Twee weken total lockdown!'" [Veira: 'Two weeks total lockdown!'].De Ware Tijd (in Dutch). Archived fromthe original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved6 June 2020.
  83. ^ab"Traffic in Suriname is limited by licence plate procedure (in Dutch)".Waterkant. 7 June 2020. Retrieved7 June 2020.
  84. ^"Second COVID-19 death in Suriname (in Dutch)".Suriname Herald. Retrieved8 June 2020.
  85. ^"President Bouterse: 'Overleden corona dode is mevrouw Pinas'".Waterkant (in Dutch). 8 June 2020. Retrieved8 June 2020.News report modified 9 June 2020 with full name
  86. ^"Licence plate procedure will not be applied (in Dutch)".Waterkant. 8 June 2020. Retrieved9 June 2020.
  87. ^"Jerry Slijngard infect with new Coronavirus (in Dutch)".De Ware Tijd. Archived fromthe original on 14 June 2020. Retrieved12 June 2020.
  88. ^"Covid-19: Third person probably died at home (in Dutch)".De Ware Tijd. Archived fromthe original on 15 June 2020. Retrieved13 June 2020.
  89. ^"Covid counter increased with 19; another live to mourn (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved12 June 2020.
  90. ^"Surinaamse stichting Su4Su zamelt vanaf dit weekend ook geld in Nederland in".Waterkant (in Dutch). 14 June 2020. Retrieved14 June 2020.
  91. ^"su4su".Surinamers voor Surinamers (in Dutch). Archived fromthe original on 14 June 2020. Retrieved14 June 2020.
  92. ^"Mother with Coronavirus gave birth to healthy baby in Suriname (in Dutch)" (in Dutch). Retrieved20 June 2020.
  93. ^abcdef"President kondigt versoepeling totale lockdown aan".Suriname Herald (in Dutch). Retrieved20 June 2020.
  94. ^"MZ shows overview of swabs and test results (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 26 June 2020. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved28 June 2020.
  95. ^"Breaking: Paul Somohardjo besmet met COVID-19".Suriname Herald (in Dutch). Retrieved1 July 2020.
  96. ^"Hele politieke top moet vanaf vandaag verplicht in quarantaine vanwege coronageval".GFC Nieuws (in Dutch). Retrieved1 July 2020.
  97. ^"Vervroegde overdracht regeermacht nog op spoor".De Ware Tijd (in Dutch). Retrieved1 July 2020.
  98. ^"Brunswijk ook positief; DNA-vergadering uitgesteld".Star Nieuws (in Dutch). Retrieved1 July 2020.
  99. ^"DNA-vergadering weer verschoven; president negatief getest".Star Nieuws (in Dutch). Retrieved2 July 2020.
  100. ^"SVJ-voorzitter: "Journalisten moeten in zelfquarantaine"".Suriname Herald (in Dutch). Retrieved2 July 2020.
  101. ^"Presidentsverkiezing niet eerder dan 10 juli".De Ware Tijd (in Dutch). Archived fromthe original on 4 July 2020. Retrieved3 July 2020.
  102. ^"Verkiezing president en vicepresident op 13 juli".Dagblad Suriname (in Dutch). Retrieved6 July 2020.
  103. ^"Nederlandse medici komen Suriname vrijwillig helpen tegen corona".Waterkant (in Dutch). Retrieved3 July 2020.
  104. ^"Nu 83 medewerkers Rosebel Gold Mines positief getest op coronavirus en 26 genezen".Waterkant (in Dutch). Retrieved5 July 2020.
  105. ^ab"Onderwijssituatie binnenland onduidelijk door afgrendeling dorpen".De Ware Tijd (in Dutch). Archived fromthe original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved5 July 2020.
  106. ^ab"Oost-Suriname hotzone; scholen blijven gesloten".Suriname Herald (in Dutch). Retrieved6 July 2020.
  107. ^"Nieuwe minister Volksgezondheid: focus op bewustwording bij aanpak COVID-19".Waterkant. Retrieved17 July 2020.
  108. ^"Isolatie en quarantaine accommodatie te Stoelmanseiland in voorbereiding".Suriname Herald (in Dutch). Retrieved20 July 2020.
  109. ^abcd"President Santokhi verscherpt Covid-maatregelen".Star Nieuws (in Dutch). Retrieved26 July 2020.
  110. ^McLeod, Sheri-Kae (11 August 2020)."Suriname Government Extends National Curfew to Curb COVID-19 Spike".Caribbean News. Retrieved18 August 2020.
  111. ^McLeod, Sheri-Kae (19 August 2020)."Suriname, Bahamas Record Deaths, as Haiti, St. Lucia and Trinidad Record More Cases".Caribbean News. Retrieved19 August 2020.
  112. ^abcd"Overheid versoepelt coronamaatregelen ondanks stijging besmettingen".Waterkant (in Dutch). Retrieved6 July 2020.
  113. ^abcd"Situation Report 6 April 2020".Covid Suriname. 6 April 2020. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved8 April 2020.
  114. ^ab"For now no repatriation; commotion about quarantine decision (in Dutch)".Star News. Retrieved7 April 2002.
  115. ^abc"Covid-19: At the moment 576 people in quarantine (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved15 May 2020.
  116. ^"Public markets and casinos open again (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname (in Dutch). 21 May 2020. Archived fromthe original on 21 May 2020. Retrieved21 May 2020.
  117. ^"Schedule repatriation on schedule (in Dutch)".Dagblad Suriname. Retrieved4 April 2020.
  118. ^"Passengers stranded in Suriname due to broken plane (in Dutch)".Suriname Herald. Retrieved5 April 2020.
  119. ^"TUI sends seoond plane to Suriname to collect stranded passengers (in Dutch)".Waterkant. Retrieved6 April 2020.
  120. ^"Returnees all in government quarantine (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved7 April 2020.
  121. ^"893 stranded Surinamese abroad (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 9 April 2020. Archived fromthe original on 14 April 2020. Retrieved9 April 2020.
  122. ^"513 stranded travelers returned to Suriname (in Dutch)".Waterkant. Retrieved4 April 2020.
  123. ^"Lalji: Veira has contact us (in Dutch)".Suriname Herald. Retrieved14 April 2020.
  124. ^"More than 40 Trinidadian desperate in Suriname".Suriname Herald (in Dutch). Retrieved15 April 2020.
  125. ^"Stranded Trinidadian will finally go home (in Dutch)".De Ware Tijd. Archived fromthe original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved1 May 2020.
  126. ^"Repatriates will be well taken care off (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 19 April 2020. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved20 April 2020.
  127. ^"Repatriants Netherlands on their way to Suriname (in Dutch)".Dagblad Suriname. Retrieved20 April 2020.
  128. ^"First repatriation flight from the Netherlands in preparation".Covid Suriname (in Dutch). 15 April 2020. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved15 April 2020.
  129. ^"Next week SLM also returns stranded travellers back to Netherlands (in Dutch)".Waterkant. Retrieved17 April 2020.
  130. ^"Covid-19: Seven of the ten infected people cared (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved25 April 2020.
  131. ^"Cubans without money stranded in Suriname (in Dutch)".De Ware Tijd. Archived fromthe original on 29 April 2020. Retrieved25 April 2020.
  132. ^"More Surinamese are being brought back (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 4 May 2020. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved5 May 2020.
  133. ^"Repatriation flight Belém cancelled, but not due to suspected COVID-19 cases (in Dutch)".Waterkant.net. Retrieved7 May 2020.
  134. ^"Kolonel Veira: "Gestrande burgers uit India komen 17 of 19 mei"".Dagblad Suriname (in Dutch). Retrieved10 May 2020.
  135. ^ab"Transport".Ministry of Transport, Communication and Tourism (in Dutch). Archived fromthe original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved4 May 2020.
  136. ^"Measures Suriname and France at border to prevent Coronavirus (in Dutch)".Waterkant. Retrieved11 April 2020.
  137. ^"Joint Press Statement Suriname and France regarding measures at border river in order to prevent Covid 19 in the Maroni area (in Dutch)".Nationaal Informatie Instituut De Boodschap. Retrieved11 April 2020.
  138. ^"French ambassador: Border of 520 kilometres is a challenge (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved13 April 2020.
  139. ^"Chair De Nieuwe Wind: "I fully acknowledge my mistake and any consequences (in Dutch)"".Suriname Herald. Retrieved15 April 2020.
  140. ^"Total lockdown of the rivers on the eastern border Suriname until 10 May (in Dutch)".Waterkant. Retrieved30 April 2020.
  141. ^"Skalian Operations Illegal during lock down Eastern border (in Dutch)".De Ware Tijd. Archived fromthe original on 21 June 2020. Retrieved2 May 2020.
  142. ^"Guyana Shield Hub"(PDF).IIRSA.org. 25 July 2011. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 25 July 2011. Retrieved4 May 2020.
  143. ^"Guyana, Suriname agree riverine residents can move along Corentyne".Stabroek News. Retrieved21 April 2020.
  144. ^"Suriname and Guyana make agreements for foraging river communities (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved21 April 2020.
  145. ^"Tratado de Limites Brasil / Países-Baixos ( 5.maio.1906 )".National Scientific Computing Laboratory (in Portuguese). Retrieved4 May 2020.
  146. ^"The Ndyuka Treaty Of 1760: A Conversation with Granman Gazon".Cultural Survival. 28 April 2010. Retrieved4 May 2020.
  147. ^"Brazilians conquer Suriname (in Dutch)".One World.nl. Retrieved4 May 2020.
  148. ^"Opgerolde Brazilian Air Cocaine flew drugs to Suriname (in Dutch)".Waterkant.net. Retrieved4 May 2020.
  149. ^"Honorary consul of Suriname Jorge Sebá died in Rio from Covid-19 (in Dutch)".De Ware Tijd. Retrieved4 April 2020.
  150. ^"Today funeral former President Surinames Court of Auditors Hans Prade (in Dutch)".Waterkant. Retrieved10 April 2020.
  151. ^""Bas Mulder", an example..."Dagblad Suriname (in Dutch). Retrieved17 April 2020.
  152. ^"Kishen Bholasing verruilt het tijdelijke voor het eeuwige". 12 April 2020.
  153. ^"Kishen Bholasing, baithak gana-zanger, is niet meer".DWTonline.com.
  154. ^"Inheemse leider Theo Jubitana heengegaan".De Ware Tijd (in Dutch). Retrieved23 July 2021.
  155. ^"WHO warns for Corona pandemic Suriname also prepares".Suriname News. Archived fromthe original on 22 May 2020. Retrieved7 April 2020.
  156. ^"BOG replies to Huisden regarding Covid-19 (in Dutch)".Star Nieuws. Retrieved4 April 2020.
  157. ^"Situation report 2 April 2020 (in Dutch)".Covid Suriname. 2 April 2020. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved13 April 2020.
  158. ^DNV-01 (24 April 2020)."Vandaag eerste formele bijeenkomst COVID-19 Crisis Management Team".COVID SURINAME. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved27 April 2020.
  159. ^"Law Exceptional Condition"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 8 April 2023.
  160. ^"Colonel Veira in home quarantine".Dagblad Suriname. Retrieved7 April 2020.
  161. ^"Law Exceptional Condition after heavy debate and marathonsessions approved dna (in Dutch)".United News. Retrieved8 April 2020.
  162. ^"Law Exceptional Condition"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 8 April 2023.
  163. ^"Wet Burgerlijke Uitzonderingstoestand met 1 maand verlengd".Dagblad Suriname (in Dutch). Retrieved15 July 2020.
  164. ^"Malti Sardjoe mogelijk nieuwe voorzitter Covid-19 Managementteam".GFC Nieuws (in Dutch). Retrieved14 July 2020.
  165. ^"Covid-19: Vandaag 33 besmettingen; 29 personen genezen".Suriname Herald (in Dutch). Retrieved15 July 2020.
  166. ^"Covid-maatregelen zullen worden aangescherpt".Star Nieuws (in Dutch). Retrieved25 July 2020.
  167. ^ab"Covid-19: Meeste geïnfecteerden in middelbare leeftijd".Star Nieuws (in Dutch). Retrieved18 July 2020.
  168. ^"Resorts in Suriname Census 2012"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 23 December 2021. Retrieved17 July 2020.
  169. ^Starnieuws,Geen Pfizer maar AstraZeneca vaccin voor Suriname, 2 February 2021(in Dutch)
  170. ^Dagblad Suriname,Eerste 1.000 vaccins uit India overhandigd, 2 March 2021(in Dutch)
  171. ^Starnieuws,SRD 16 miljoen nodig voor vaccinaties; fonds ingesteld, 11 April 2021(in Dutch)
  172. ^De Ware Tijd,Rotary Suriname ondersteunt Covid-19-vaccinatiecampagne, 1 May 2021(in Dutch)
  173. ^Starnieuws,Suriname krijgt 700.000 Covid-19-vaccins van Nederland, 15 May 2021(in Dutch)

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