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COVID-19 pandemic in Poland

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article needs to beupdated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(August 2021)
COVID-19 pandemic in Poland
DiseaseCOVID-19
Virus strainSARS-CoV-2
LocationPoland
First outbreakWuhan, Hubei, China
Index caseZielona Góra,Lubusz Voivodeship[1][2]
Arrival date4 March 2020[1][2]
(5 years, 7 months, 2 weeks and 6 days)
Confirmed cases6,804,328[3]
Recovered6,398,305 (updated 23 July 2023)[4][5]
Deaths
120,981[3]
Fatality rate1.78%
Vaccinations
  • 22,984,544[3] (total vaccinated)
  • 22,705,868[3] (fully vaccinated)
  • 58,634,590[3] (doses administered)

TheCOVID-19 pandemic in Poland was a part of theCOVID-19 pandemic.COVID-19 is caused bySARS-CoV-2. As of 8 June 2025[update], Poland had a cumulative total of 6,780,272 confirmed cases (17,862 per 100,000 population), and 120,980 deaths (319 per 100,000 population) due to COVID-19.[6]

The firstCOVID-19 vaccine product was introduced on 23 December 2020.[6] Since then, a total of 58.63 million vaccine doses have been administered, with 60% of the population having received a complete primary series and 34% having received at least one booster dose as of 31 December 2023[update].[6]

In February and March 2020, health authorities inPoland carried out laboratory testing of suspected cases of infection by SARS-CoV-2, as well as home quarantining and monitoring. On 4 March 2020, the first laboratory-confirmed case in Poland was announced in a man hospitalised inZielona Góra. On 10 March 2020, theWorld Health Organization declared the local transmission phase of SARS-CoV-2 in Poland. On 12 March 2020, the first death fromcoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Poland was that of a 57-year-old woman.

Polish authorities opted into theEuropean Union's tender procedure for purchasing COVID-19 pandemic-related medical equipment on 17 March 2020.

On 10–12 March 2020 lockdown-type control measures were implemented, closing schools and university classes, offices, and cancelling mass events, and were strengthened on 25 March, limiting non-family gatherings to two people and religious gatherings to six and forbidding non-essential travel. On 20 March 2020, theMinistry of Health officially declared an epidemic and on the same day tried to prevent medical personnel from commenting on the pandemic. ThePolish OmbudsmanAdam Bodnar defended medical personnel's right to speak publicly about the epidemic onconstitutional grounds of freedom of speech and the right of the public to information. Doctors opposed the self-censorship orders.

Lockdown restrictions were tightened on 31 March 2020 by agovernment regulation, requiring individuals walking in streets to be separated by two metres, closing parks, boulevards, beaches, hairdressers and beauty salons, and forbidding unaccompanied minors from exiting their homes. Restrictions were relaxed starting 20 April, allowing religious gatherings and funerals to be held for up to a maximum of 50 people. Starting on 1 April 2020, fatalities which were clinically or epidemiologically diagnosed as COVID-19 (U07.2) were also considered as COVID-19 deaths byNIPH–NIH.

Timeline

[edit]
COVID-19 cases in Poland  ()
     Deaths        Recoveries        Active cases
20202020202120212022202220232023
MarMarAprAprMayMayJunJunJulJulAugAugSepSepOctOctNovNovDecDec
JanJanFebFebMarMarAprAprMayMayJunJunJulJulAugAugSepSepOctOctNovNovDecDec
JanJanFebFebMarMarAprAprMayMayJunJunJulJulAugAugSepSepOctOctNovNovDecDec
JanJanFebFebMarMarAprAprMayMayJunJun
Last 15 daysLast 15 days
Date
# of cases
# of deaths
2020-03-04class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2020-03-05class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2020-03-06class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2020-03-07class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2020-03-08class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2020-03-09class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2020-03-10class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2020-03-11class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2020-03-12class=bb-bclass=bb-c|1(n.a.)
2020-03-13class=bb-bclass=bb-c|2(+1)
2020-03-14class=bb-bclass=bb-c|3(+1)
2020-03-15
3(=)
2020-03-16
4(+1)
2020-03-17
5(+1)
2020-03-18
5(=)
2020-03-19
5(=)
2020-03-20
5(=)
2020-03-21
5(=)
2020-03-22
7(+2)
2020-03-23
8(+1)
2020-03-24
10(+2)
2020-03-25
13(+3)
2020-03-26
16(+3)
2020-03-27
16(=)
2020-03-28
18(+2)
2020-03-29
22(+4)
2020-03-30
31(+9)
2020-03-31
33(+2)
2020-04-01
43(+10)
2020-04-02
57(+14)
2020-04-03
71(+14)
2020-04-04
79(+8)
2020-04-05
94(+15)
2020-04-06
107(+13)
2020-04-07
129(+22)
2020-04-08
158(+29)
2020-04-09
174(+16)
2020-04-10
181(+7)
2020-04-11
208(+27)
2020-04-12
232(+24)
2020-04-13
245(+13)
2020-04-14
263(+18)
2020-04-15
286(+23)
2020-04-16
314(+28)
2020-04-17
332(+18)
2020-04-18
347(+15)
2020-04-19
360(+13)
2020-04-20
380(+20)
2020-04-21
401(+21)
2020-04-22
426(+25)
2020-04-23
454(+28)
2020-04-24
494(+40)
2020-04-25
524(+30)
2020-04-26
535(+11)
2020-04-27
562(+27)
2020-04-28
596(+34)
2020-04-29
624(+28)
2020-04-30
644(+20)
2020-05-01
651(+7)
2020-05-02
663(+12)
2020-05-03
678(+15)
2020-05-04
697(+19)
2020-05-05
715(+18)
2020-05-06
733(+18)
2020-05-07
755(+22)
2020-05-08
776(+21)
2020-05-09
785(+9)
2020-05-10
800(+15)
2020-05-11
811(+11)
2020-05-12
838(+27)
2020-05-13
861(+23)
2020-05-14
883(+22)
2020-05-15
907(+24)
2020-05-16
915(+8)
2020-05-17
925(+10)
2020-05-18
936(+11)
2020-05-19
948(+12)
2020-05-20
962(+14)
2020-05-21
972(+10)
2020-05-22
982(+10)
2020-05-23
993(+11)
2020-05-24
996(+3)
2020-05-25
1,007(+11)
2020-05-26
1,024(+17)
2020-05-27
1,028(+4)
2020-05-28
1,038(+10)
2020-05-29
1,051(+13)
2020-05-30
1,061(+10)
2020-05-31
1,064(+3)
2020-06-01
1,074(+10)
2020-06-02
1,092(+18)
2020-06-03
1,115(+23)
2020-06-04
1,117(+2)
2020-06-05
1,137(+20)
2020-06-06
1,151(+14)
2020-06-07
1,155(+4)
2020-06-08
1,164(+9)
2020-06-09
1,183(+19)
2020-06-10
1,206(+23)
2020-06-11
1,215(+9)
2020-06-12
1,222(+7)
2020-06-13
1,237(+15)
2020-06-14
1,247(+10)
2020-06-15
1,256(+9)
2020-06-16
1,272(+16)
2020-06-17
1,286(+14)
2020-06-18
1,316(+30)
2020-06-19
1,334(+18)
2020-06-20
1,346(+12)
2020-06-21
1,356(+10)
2020-06-22
1,359(+3)
2020-06-23
1,375(+16)
2020-06-24
1,396(+21)
2020-06-25
1,412(+16)
2020-06-26
1,429(+17)
2020-06-27
1,435(+6)
2020-06-28
1,438(+3)
2020-06-29
1,444(+6)
2020-06-30
1,463(+19)
2020-07-01
1,477(+14)
2020-07-02
1,492(+15)
2020-07-03
1,507(+15)
2020-07-04
1,512(+5)
2020-07-05
1,517(+5)
2020-07-06
1,521(+4)
2020-07-07
1,528(+7)
2020-07-08
1,542(+14)
2020-07-09
1,551(+9)
2020-07-10
1,562(+11)
2020-07-11
1,568(+6)
2020-07-12
1,571(+3)
2020-07-13
1,576(+5)
2020-07-14
1,588(+12)
2020-07-15
1,594(+6)
2020-07-16
1,605(+11)
2020-07-17
1,612(+7)
2020-07-18
1,618(+6)
2020-07-19
1,624(+6)
2020-07-20
1,627(+3)
2020-07-21
1,636(+9)
2020-07-22
1,642(+6)
2020-07-23
1,651(+9)
2020-07-24
1,655(+4)
2020-07-25
1,664(+9)
2020-07-26
1,671(+7)
2020-07-27
1,676(+5)
2020-07-28
1,682(+6)
2020-07-29
1,694(+12)
2020-07-30
1,709(+15)
2020-07-31
1,716(+7)
2020-08-01
1,721(+5)
2020-08-02
1,731(+10)
2020-08-03
1,732(+1)
2020-08-04
1,738(+6)
2020-08-05
1,756(+18)
2020-08-06
1,774(+18)
2020-08-07
1,787(+13)
2020-08-08
1,800(+13)
2020-08-09
1,807(+7)
2020-08-10
1,809(+2)
2020-08-11
1,821(+12)
2020-08-12
1,830(+9)
2020-08-13
1,844(+14)
2020-08-14
1,858(+14)
2020-08-15
1,869(+11)
2020-08-16
1,877(+8)
2020-08-17
1,885(+8)
2020-08-18
1,896(+11)
2020-08-19
1,913(+17)
2020-08-20
1,925(+12)
2020-08-21
1,938(+13)
2020-08-22
1,951(+13)
2020-08-23
1,955(+4)
2020-08-24
1,960(+5)
2020-08-25
1,977(+17)
2020-08-26
1,994(+17)
2020-08-27
2,010(+16)
2020-08-28
2,018(+8)
2020-08-29
2,032(+14)
2020-08-30
2,033(+1)
2020-08-31
2,039(+6)
2020-09-01
2,058(+19)
2020-09-02
2,078(+20)
2020-09-03
2,092(+14)
2020-09-04
2,100(+8)
2020-09-05
2,113(+13)
2020-09-06
2,120(+7)
2020-09-07
2,124(+4)
2020-09-08
2,136(+12)
2020-09-09
2,147(+11)
2020-09-10
2,159(+12)
2020-09-11
2,169(+10)
2020-09-12
2,182(+13)
2020-09-13
2,188(+6)
2020-09-14
2,203(+15)
2020-09-15
2,227(+24)
2020-09-16
2,237(+10)
2020-09-17
2,253(+16)
2020-09-18
2,270(+17)
2020-09-19
2,282(+12)
2020-09-20
2,293(+11)
2020-09-21
2,298(+5)
2020-09-22
2,316(+18)
2020-09-23
2,344(+28)
2020-09-24
2,369(+25)
2020-09-25
2,392(+23)
2020-09-26
2,424(+32)
2020-09-27
2,432(+8)
2020-09-28
2,447(+15)
2020-09-29
2,483(+36)
2020-09-30
2,513(+30)
2020-10-01
2,543(+30)
2020-10-02
2,570(+27)
2020-10-03
2,604(+34)
2020-10-04
2,630(+26)
2020-10-05
2,659(+29)
2020-10-06
2,717(+58)
2020-10-07
2,792(+75)
2020-10-08
2,867(+75)
2020-10-09
2,919(+52)
2020-10-10
2,972(+53)
2020-10-11
3,004(+32)
2020-10-12
3,039(+35)
2020-10-13
3,101(+62)
2020-10-14
3,217(+116)
2020-10-15
3,308(+91)
2020-10-16
3,440(+132)
2020-10-17
3,524(+84)
2020-10-18
3,573(+49)
2020-10-19
3,614(+41)
2020-10-20
3,721(+107)
2020-10-21
3,851(+130)
2020-10-22
4,019(+168)
2020-10-23
4,172(+153)
2020-10-24
4,351(+179)
2020-10-25
4,438(+87)
2020-10-26
4,483(+45)
2020-10-27
4,615(+132)
2020-10-28
4,851(+236)
2020-10-29
5,149(+298)
2020-10-30
5,351(+202)
2020-10-31
5,631(+280)
2020-11-01
5,783(+152)
2020-11-02
5,875(+92)
2020-11-03
6,102(+227)
2020-11-04
6,475(+373)
2020-11-05
6,842(+367)
2020-11-06
7,287(+445)
2020-11-07
7,636(+349)
2020-11-08
7,872(+236)
2020-11-09
8,045(+173)
2020-11-10
8,375(+330)
2020-11-11
8,805(+430)
2020-11-12
9,080(+275)
2020-11-13
9,499(+419)
2020-11-14
10,045(+546)
2020-11-15
10,348(+303)
2020-11-16
10,491(+143)
2020-11-17
10,848(+357)
2020-11-18
11,451(+603)
2020-11-19
12,088(+637)
2020-11-20
12,714(+626)
2020-11-21
13,288(+574)
2020-11-22
13,618(+330)
2020-11-23
13,774(+156)
2020-11-24
14,314(+540)
2020-11-25
14,988(+674)
2020-11-26
15,568(+580)
2020-11-27
16,147(+579)
2020-11-28
16,746(+599)
2020-11-29
17,029(+283)
2020-11-30
17,150(+121)
2020-12-01
17,599(+449)
2020-12-02
18,208(+609)
2020-12-03
18,828(+620)
2020-12-04
19,353(+525)
2020-12-05
19,861(+508)
2020-12-06
20,089(+228)
2020-12-07
20,181(+92)
2020-12-08
20,592(+411)
2020-12-09
21,160(+568)
2020-12-10
21,630(+470)
2020-12-11
22,174(+544)
2020-12-12
22,676(+502)
2020-12-13
22,864(+188)
2020-12-14
22,960(+96)
2020-12-15
23,309(+349)
2020-12-16
23,914(+605)
2020-12-17
24,345(+431)
2020-12-18
24,771(+426)
2020-12-19
25,254(+483)
2020-12-20
25,397(+143)
2020-12-21
25,474(+77)
2020-12-22
25,783(+309)
2020-12-23
26,255(+472)
2020-12-24
26,752(+497)
2020-12-25
26,992(+240)
2020-12-26
27,061(+69)
2020-12-27
27,118(+57)
2020-12-28
27,147(+29)
2020-12-29
27,454(+307)
2020-12-30
28,019(+565)
2020-12-31
28,554(+535)
2021-01-01
28,956(+402)
2021-01-02
29,058(+102)
2021-01-03
29,119(+61)
2021-01-04
29,161(+42)
2021-01-05
29,502(+341)
2021-01-06
30,055(+553)
2021-01-07
30,241(+186)
2021-01-08
30,574(+333)
2021-01-09
31,011(+437)
2021-01-10
31,189(+178)
2021-01-11
31,264(+75)
2021-01-12
31,593(+329)
2021-01-13
32,074(+481)
2021-01-14
32,456(+382)
2021-01-15
32,844(+388)
2021-01-16
33,213(+369)
2021-01-17
33,355(+142)
2021-01-18
33,407(+52)
2021-01-19
33,698(+291)
2021-01-20
34,141(+443)
2021-01-21
34,561(+420)
2021-01-22
34,908(+347)
2021-01-23
35,253(+345)
2021-01-24
35,363(+110)
2021-01-25
35,401(+38)
2021-01-26
35,665(+264)
2021-01-27
36,054(+389)
2021-01-28
36,443(+389)
2021-01-29
36,780(+337)
2021-01-30
37,082(+302)
2021-01-31
37,180(+98)
2021-02-01
37,222(+42)
2021-02-02
37,476(+254)
2021-02-03
37,897(+421)
2021-02-04
38,344(+447)
2021-02-05
38,712(+368)
2021-02-06
38,994(+282)
2021-02-07
39,087(+93)
2021-02-08
39,132(+45)
2021-02-09
39,360(+228)
2021-02-10
39,721(+361)
2021-02-11
40,177(+456)
2021-02-12
40,424(+247)
2021-02-13
40,709(+285)
2021-02-14
40,807(+98)
2021-02-15
40,832(+25)
2021-02-16
41,028(+196)
2021-02-17
41,308(+280)
2021-02-18
41,582(+274)
2021-02-19
41,823(+241)
2021-02-20
42,077(+254)
2021-02-21
42,171(+94)
2021-02-22
42,188(+17)
2021-02-23
42,436(+248)
2021-02-24
42,808(+372)
2021-02-25
43,094(+286)
2021-02-26
43,353(+259)
2021-02-27
43,656(+303)
2021-02-28
43,769(+113)
2021-03-01
43,793(+24)
2021-03-02
44,008(+215)
2021-03-03
44,360(+352)
2021-03-04
44,649(+289)
2021-03-05
44,912(+263)
2021-03-06
45,159(+247)
2021-03-07
45,285(+126)
2021-03-08
45,317(+32)
2021-03-09
45,599(+282)
2021-03-10
45,997(+398)
2021-03-11
46,373(+376)
2021-03-12
46,724(+351)
2021-03-13
47,068(+344)
2021-03-14
47,178(+110)
2021-03-15
47,206(+28)
2021-03-16
47,578(+372)
2021-03-17
48,032(+454)
2021-03-18
48,388(+356)
2021-03-19
48,807(+419)
2021-03-20
49,159(+352)
2021-03-21
49,300(+141)
2021-03-22
49,365(+65)
2021-03-23
49,761(+396)
2021-03-24
50,340(+579)
2021-03-25
50,860(+520)
2021-03-26
51,305(+445)
2021-03-27
51,753(+448)
2021-03-28
51,884(+131)
2021-03-29
51,932(+48)
2021-03-30
52,392(+460)
2021-03-31
53,045(+653)
2021-04-01
53,665(+620)
2021-04-02
54,165(+500)
2021-04-03
54,737(+572)
2021-04-04
54,941(+204)
2021-04-05
55,005(+64)
2021-04-06
55,065(+60)
2021-04-07
55,703(+638)
2021-04-08
56,659(+956)
2021-04-09
57,427(+768)
2021-04-10
58,176(+749)
2021-04-11
58,421(+245)
2021-04-12
58,481(+60)
2021-04-13
59,126(+645)
2021-04-14
59,930(+804)
2021-04-15
60,612(+682)
2021-04-16
61,208(+596)
2021-04-17
61,825(+617)
2021-04-18
62,032(+207)
2021-04-19
62,133(+101)
2021-04-20
62,734(+601)
2021-04-21
63,473(+739)
2021-04-22
64,168(+695)
2021-04-23
64,707(+539)
2021-04-24
65,222(+515)
2021-04-25
65,415(+193)
2021-04-26
65,437(+22)
2021-04-27
65,897(+460)
2021-04-28
66,533(+636)
2021-04-29
67,073(+540)
2021-04-30
67,502(+429)
2021-05-01
67,924(+422)
2021-05-02
68,068(+144)
2021-05-03
68,105(+37)
2021-05-04
68,133(+28)
2021-05-05
68,482(+349)
2021-05-06
68,993(+511)
2021-05-07
69,445(+452)
2021-05-08
69,866(+421)
2021-05-09
70,012(+146)
2021-05-10
70,034(+22)
2021-05-11
70,336(+302)
2021-05-12
70,679(+343)
2021-05-13
71,021(+342)
2021-05-14
71,311(+290)
2021-05-15
71,609(+298)
2021-05-16
71,664(+55)
2021-05-17
71,675(+11)
2021-05-18
71,920(+245)
2021-05-19
72,250(+330)
2021-05-20
72,500(+250)
2021-05-21
72,691(+191)
2021-05-22
72,882(+191)
2021-05-23
72,928(+46)
2021-05-24
72,945(+17)
2021-05-25
73,096(+151)
2021-05-26
73,305(+209)
2021-05-27
73,440(+135)
2021-05-28
73,557(+117)
2021-05-29
73,682(+125)
2021-05-30
73,738(+56)
2021-05-31
73,745(+7)
2021-06-01
73,856(+111)
2021-06-02
73,984(+128)
2021-06-03
74,075(+91)
2021-06-04
74,101(+26)
2021-06-05
74,139(+38)
2021-06-06
74,152(+13)
2021-06-07
74,160(+8)
2021-06-08
74,255(+95)
2021-06-09
74,363(+108)
2021-06-10
74,447(+84)
2021-06-11
74,515(+68)
2021-06-12
74,562(+47)
2021-06-13
74,573(+11)
2021-06-14
74,574(+1)
2021-06-15
74,626(+52)
2021-06-16
74,688(+62)
2021-06-17
74,734(+46)
2021-06-18
74,782(+48)
2021-06-19
74,823(+41)
2021-06-20
74,828(+5)
2021-06-21
74,829(+1)
2021-06-22
74,858(+29)
2021-06-23
74,893(+35)
2021-06-24
74,917(+24)
2021-06-25
74,953(+36)
2021-06-26
74,974(+21)
2021-06-27
74,979(+5)
2021-06-28
74,979(=)
2021-06-29
75,005(+26)
2021-06-30
75,021(+16)
2021-07-01
75,044(+23)
2021-07-02
75,065(+21)
2021-07-03
75,083(+18)
2021-07-04
75,084(+1)
2021-07-05
75,085(+1)
2021-07-06
75,095(+10)
2021-07-07
75,114(+19)
2021-07-08
75,135(+21)
2021-07-09
75,152(+17)
2021-07-10
75,159(+7)
2021-07-11
75,160(+1)
2021-07-12
75,160(=)
2021-07-13
75,173(+13)
2021-07-14
75,179(+6)
2021-07-15
75,191(+12)
2021-07-16
75,205(+14)
2021-07-17
75,212(+7)
2021-07-18
75,215(+3)
2021-07-19
75,215(=)
2021-07-20
75,219(+4)
2021-07-21
75,222(+3)
2021-07-22
75,231(+9)
2021-07-23
75,233(+2)
2021-07-24
75,241(+8)
2021-07-25
75,242(+1)
2021-07-26
75,242(=)
2021-07-27
75,249(+7)
2021-07-28
75,252(+3)
2021-07-29
75,257(+5)
2021-07-30
75,259(+2)
2021-07-31
75,261(+2)
2021-08-01
75,261(=)
2021-08-02
75,261(=)
2021-08-03
75,265(+4)
2021-08-04
75,269(+4)
2021-08-05
75,275(+6)
2021-08-06
75,281(+6)
2021-08-07
75,285(+4)
2021-08-08
75,285(=)
2021-08-09
75,285(=)
2021-08-10
75,285(=)
2021-08-11
75,291(+6)
2021-08-12
75,291(=)
2021-08-13
75,297(+6)
2021-08-14
75,299(+2)
2021-08-15
75,299(=)
2021-08-16
75,299(=)
2021-08-17
75,306(+7)
2021-08-18
75,307(+1)
2021-08-19
75,311(+4)
2021-08-20
75,315(+4)
2021-08-21
75,316(+1)
2021-08-22
75,316(=)
2021-08-23
75,316(=)
2021-08-24
75,324(+8)
2021-08-25
75,329(+5)
2021-08-26
75,332(+3)
2021-08-27
75,335(+3)
2021-08-28
75,340(+5)
2021-08-29
75,340(=)
2021-08-30
75,340(=)
2021-08-31
75,345(+5)
2021-09-01
75,358(+13)
2021-09-02
75,367(+9)
2021-09-03
75,372(+5)
2021-09-04
75,379(+7)
2021-09-05
75,379(=)
2021-09-06
75,379(=)
2021-09-07
75,392(+13)
2021-09-08
75,403(+11)
2021-09-09
75,409(+6)
2021-09-10
75,417(+8)
2021-09-11
75,425(+8)
2021-09-12
75,425(=)
2021-09-13
75,425(=)
2021-09-14
75,433(+8)
2021-09-15
75,454(+21)
2021-09-16
75,464(+10)
2021-09-17
75,473(+9)
2021-09-18
75,487(+14)
2021-09-19
75,488(+1)
2021-09-20
75,488(=)
2021-09-21
75,503(+15)
2021-09-22
75,523(+20)
2021-09-23
75,537(+14)
2021-09-24
75,551(+14)
2021-09-25
75,571(+20)
2021-09-26
75,572(+1)
2021-09-27
75,572(=)
2021-09-28
75,601(+29)
2021-09-29
75,623(+22)
2021-09-30
75,650(+27)
2021-10-01
75,666(+16)
2021-10-02
75,689(+23)
2021-10-03
75,695(+6)
2021-10-04
75,695(=)
2021-10-05
75,741(+46)
2021-10-06
75,774(+33)
2021-10-07
75,803(+29)
2021-10-08
75,834(+31)
2021-10-09
75,864(+30)
2021-10-10
75,869(+5)
2021-10-11
75,869(=)
2021-10-12
75,918(+49)
2021-10-13
75,958(+40)
2021-10-14
76,018(+60)
2021-10-15
76,067(+49)
2021-10-16
76,111(+44)
2021-10-17
76,112(+1)
2021-10-18
76,115(+3)
2021-10-19
76,179(+64)
2021-10-20
76,254(+75)
2021-10-21
76,300(+46)
2021-10-22
76,359(+59)
2021-10-23
76,434(+75)
2021-10-24
76,447(+13)
2021-10-25
76,447(=)
2021-10-26
76,540(+93)
2021-10-27
76,672(+132)
2021-10-28
76,773(+101)
2021-10-29
76,875(+102)
2021-10-30
76,990(+115)
2021-10-31
76,999(+9)
2021-11-01
77,012(+13)
2021-11-02
77,021(+9)
2021-11-03
77,145(+124)
2021-11-04
77,395(+250)
2021-11-05
77,547(+152)
2021-11-06
77,733(+186)
2021-11-07
77,757(+24)
2021-11-08
77,760(+3)
2021-11-09
77,980(+220)
2021-11-10
78,250(+270)
2021-11-11
78,524(+274)
2021-11-12
78,555(+31)
2021-11-13
78,821(+266)
2021-11-14
78,867(+46)
2021-11-15
78,879(+12)
2021-11-16
79,161(+282)
2021-11-17
79,624(+463)
2021-11-18
79,994(+370)
2021-11-19
80,399(+405)
2021-11-20
80,781(+382)
2021-11-21
80,822(+41)
2021-11-22
80,830(+8)
2021-11-23
81,228(+398)
2021-11-24
81,688(+460)
2021-11-25
82,186(+498)
2021-11-26
82,607(+421)
2021-11-27
82,986(+379)
2021-11-28
83,037(+51)
2021-11-29
83,055(+18)
2021-11-30
83,583(+528)
2021-12-01
84,153(+570)
2021-12-02
84,656(+503)
2021-12-03
85,126(+470)
2021-12-04
85,630(+504)
2021-12-05
85,675(+45)
2021-12-06
85,700(+25)
2021-12-07
86,205(+505)
2021-12-08
86,796(+591)
2021-12-09
87,357(+561)
2021-12-10
87,928(+571)
2021-12-11
88,414(+486)
2021-12-12
88,479(+65)
2021-12-13
88,508(+29)
2021-12-14
89,045(+537)
2021-12-15
89,714(+669)
2021-12-16
90,306(+592)
2021-12-17
90,872(+566)
2021-12-18
91,415(+543)
2021-12-19
91,485(+70)
2021-12-20
91,514(+29)
2021-12-21
92,052(+538)
2021-12-22
92,829(+777)
2021-12-23
93,445(+616)
2021-12-24
94,041(+596)
2021-12-25
94,311(+270)
2021-12-26
94,327(+16)
2021-12-27
94,365(+38)
2021-12-28
94,914(+549)
2021-12-29
95,707(+793)
2021-12-30
96,415(+708)
2021-12-31
97,054(+639)
2022-01-01
97,559(+505)
2022-01-02
97,592(+33)
2022-01-03
97,601(+9)
2022-01-04
98,034(+433)
2022-01-05
98,666(+632)
2022-01-06
99,311(+645)
2022-01-07
99,428(+117)
2022-01-08
99,720(+292)
2022-01-09
99,742(+22)
2022-01-10
99,761(+19)
2022-01-11
100,254(+493)
2022-01-12
100,938(+684)
2022-01-13
101,419(+481)
2022-01-14
101,841(+422)
2022-01-15
102,270(+429)
2022-01-16
102,305(+35)
2022-01-17
102,309(+4)
2022-01-18
102,686(+377)
2022-01-19
103,062(+376)
2022-01-20
103,378(+316)
2022-01-21
103,626(+248)
2022-01-22
103,819(+193)
2022-01-23
103,844(+25)
2022-01-24
103,846(+2)
2022-01-25
104,097(+251)
2022-01-26
104,373(+276)
2022-01-27
104,636(+263)
2022-01-28
104,907(+271)
2022-01-29
105,138(+231)
2022-01-30
105,161(+23)
2022-01-31
105,194(+33)
2022-02-01
105,434(+240)
2022-02-02
105,753(+319)
2022-02-03
106,060(+307)
2022-02-04
106,306(+246)
2022-02-05
106,578(+272)
2022-02-06
106,597(+19)
2022-02-07
106,607(+10)
2022-02-08
106,894(+287)
2022-02-09
107,204(+310)
2022-02-10
107,466(+262)
2022-02-11
107,757(+291)
2022-02-12
108,089(+332)
2022-02-13
108,120(+31)
2022-02-14
108,137(+17)
2022-02-15
108,515(+378)
2022-02-16
108,887(+372)
2022-02-17
109,205(+318)
2022-02-18
109,509(+304)
2022-02-19
109,792(+283)
2022-02-20
109,817(+25)
2022-02-21
109,833(+16)
2022-02-22
110,157(+324)
2022-02-23
110,517(+360)
2022-02-24
110,858(+341)
2022-02-25
111,056(+198)
2022-02-26
111,277(+221)
2022-02-27
111,316(+39)
2022-02-28
111,317(+1)
2022-03-01
111,586(+269)
2022-03-02
111,864(+278)
2022-03-03
112,130(+266)
2022-03-04
112,336(+206)
2022-03-05
112,535(+199)
2022-03-06
112,545(+10)
2022-03-07
112,551(+6)
2022-03-08
112,768(+217)
2022-03-09
113,002(+234)
2022-03-10
113,186(+184)
2022-03-11
113,307(+121)
2022-03-12
113,434(+127)
2022-03-13
113,443(+9)
2022-03-14
113,444(+1)
2022-03-15
113,622(+178)
2022-03-16
113,773(+151)
2022-03-17
113,980(+207)
2022-03-18
114,087(+107)
2022-03-19
114,206(+119)
2022-03-20
114,218(+12)
2022-03-21
114,221(+3)
2022-03-22
114,355(+134)
2022-03-23
114,480(+125)
2022-03-24
114,626(+146)
2022-03-25
114,736(+110)
2022-03-26
114,821(+85)
2022-03-27
114,828(+7)
2022-03-28
114,829(+1)
2022-03-29
114,939(+110)
2022-03-30
115,040(+101)
2022-03-31
115,173(+133)
2022-04-01
115,247(+74)
2022-04-02
115,343(+96)
2022-04-03
115,345(+2)
2022-04-04
115,345(=)
2022-04-05
115,395(+50)
2022-04-06
115,472(+77)
2022-04-07
115,536(+64)
2022-04-08
115,594(+58)
2022-04-09
115,635(+41)
2022-04-10
115,635(=)
2022-04-11
115,635(=)
2022-04-12
115,696(+61)
2022-04-13
115,736(+40)
2022-04-14
115,775(+39)
2022-04-15
115,809(+34)
2022-04-16
115,838(+29)
2022-04-17
115,838(=)
2022-04-18
115,838(=)
2022-04-19
115,838(=)
2022-04-20
115,869(+31)
2022-04-21
115,899(+30)
2022-04-22
115,926(+27)
2022-04-23
115,948(+22)
2022-04-24
115,948(=)
2022-04-25
115,948(=)
2022-04-26
115,977(+29)
2022-04-27
115,998(+21)
2022-04-28
116,022(+24)
2022-04-29
116,042(+20)
2022-04-30
116,059(+17)
2022-05-01
116,059(=)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2022-06-01
116,326(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2022-07-01
116,429(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2022-08-01
116,570(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2022-09-01
117,119(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2022-10-01
117,598(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2022-11-01
118,131(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2022-12-01
118,328(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2023-01-01
118,533(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2023-02-01
118,736(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2023-03-01
118,898(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2023-04-01
119,361(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2023-05-01
119,555(n.a.)
⋮class=bb-bclass=bb-c|
2023-06-01
119,615(n.a.)
2023-06-02
119,615(=)
2023-06-03
119,617(+2)
2023-06-04
119,617(=)
2023-06-05
119,617(=)
2023-06-06
119,617(=)
2023-06-07
119,619(+2)
Sources: PolishMinistry of Health via officialTwitter account,website andraport

Monitoring, February 2020

[edit]

During January 2020,Warsaw Chopin Airport carried out special screening measures for passengers arriving from China.[7]In February and March 2020, health authorities inPoland carried out laboratory testing of suspected cases of infection by SARS-CoV-2, as well as home quarantining and monitoring.[8][9]In February 2020, four-member teams at theNational Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene (NIPH–NIH) together with the Berlin hospitalCharité carried out 307 genetic tests of samples from suspected SARS-CoV-2 carriers. NIPH–NIH carried out the tests in its Warsaw laboratory and in theWojewódzki Szpital Zakaźny inWarsaw. Diagnostic laboratories in eight other towns were being prepared for making similar analyses. The Ministry of Health refused to state how many test kits were available in Polish laboratories.[10]On 19 February 2020, twelve people remained hospitalised "in connection with the coronavirus", 13 were under home quarantine and 1000 were being monitored by health services.[11] On 27 February 47 people remained hospitalised with suspicions of SARS-CoV-2 infection, 55 were under home quarantine and 1570 were being monitored by health services.[9] PolishMinister of HealthŁukasz Szumowski stated on 27 February that he expected positive SARS-CoV-2 laboratory confirmed cases in the following days.[9]

March 2020

[edit]

New law: "specustawa", March 1, 2020

[edit]
Medical tents in front of a hospital inWłocławek for examining patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection (March 2020).

On 1 and 2 March 2020 new law (nicknamedPolish:specustawa,[12] lit.special law) to manage a possible epidemic ofCOVID-19 or other infectious diseases in Poland via administrative, budgetary and epidemiological measures passed through a first reading by a parliamentary committee and through second and third readings by the Polish lower house of parliament, theSejm, with 400 votes out of 418 in favour in the third reading.[13]Konfederacja was the only parliamentary club which voted against the measure.[14] Philosopher and law professorJerzy Zajadło [pl] praised the discussion of the bill in the Sejm, in that the Speaker allowed members of parliament to discuss the bill under the principles of deliberative democracy, which he judged rare for the parliament dominated byPiS. Zajadło criticised the bill as establishing vague powers with little chance of checks and balances, which he saw as being in the spirit of the approach of the political party in power; he saw the bill as establishing a permanent state of emergency for COVID-19 and all other contagious diseases; he criticised the wide array of changes implied in the law as having consequences difficult to predict; and he judged the law to be unnecessary given that laws covering the situation already existed.[12]Ewa Łętowska, a former judge in the PolishConstitutional Tribunal, also criticised the law as effectively creating a new, 180-day longstate of emergency, in addition to the state of emergency rules defined inthe Polish Constitution for a maximum of 90 days. She interpreted the law as giving the authorities arbitrary power without control by administrative courts.[15]

First cases

[edit]

On 3 March 2020 a total of 559 SARS-CoV-2 tests had been run for people in Poland suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection, all with negative results,[16] while the numbers of people home quarantined and monitored increased and the number of hospitalised, suspected cases dropped.[17]

On 4 March 2020 the Minister of Health claimed that nine laboratories were carrying out SARS-CoV-2 testing (NIPH–NIH and Voivodeship Infectious Disease Hospital in Warsaw, and laboratories inOlsztyn,Wrocław,Poznań,Katowice,Rzeszów,Gdańsk andKielce),[2] whileOKO.press claimed that only four laboratories were carrying out the testing.[18] The Minister claimed that "sanitary–epidemiological stations" inLublin,Łódź andPoznań would start SARS-CoV-2 tests the following day.[2] On 6 March, the Minister stated that 13 laboratories were running SARS-CoV-2 tests.[19]

The first lab-confirmed case of SARS-CoV-2 in Poland was announced on 4 March 2020, out of 584 tests in total.[1][2] The patient, a 66-year-old man, returned from a visit toWestphalia in Germany by bus toŚwiecko and from there by private car toCybinka. He telephoned a general practitioner. He was taken by ambulance to a hospital inZielona Góra, where he arrived around midday 2 March. In the evening of 2 March, a sample from the patient was sent for analysis to Warsaw. The result was known to be positive during the night of 3 to 4 March, and announced by the Minister of Health at 8:00 local time on 4 March.OKO.press criticised the delay of 44 hours from the patient's arrival at the hospital to the announcement of the positive test result as excessive.[18] Close contacts of the patient were home quarantined. The Minister of Health requested the media to respect the patient's privacy.[2]

On 6 March 2020 PolishMinister of Health Łukasz Szumowski announced the confirmation of four new cases:[20] one hospitalised inOstróda, linked to "patient zero" from Cybinka (the two had travelled in the same bus); two patients inSzczecin who had returned by car from Italy; and one patient inWrocław who had returned from the United Kingdom (UK).[19] On 7 March, another SARS-CoV-2 case, of another person who had travelled in the bus together with "patient-zero", was announced by the Minister of Health as lab-confirmed.[21]

On 8 March 2020 the Ministry of Health reported two new cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. One person was hospitalised inWarsaw and another inRacibórz (Silesian Voivodeship). Both were in good condition.[22][non-primary source needed] In the evening, the Ministry confirmed another three positive test results, increasing the daily case count to five new cases. The patients were hospitalised inWarsaw,Wrocław andRacibórz: one elderly person, one middle-aged and one young.[23][non-primary source needed][24] The elderly person (hospitalised inWrocław) was in serious condition.[25]

On 9 March 2020 Polish Minister of HealthŁukasz Szumowski announced the confirmation of five new cases. Three cases were confirmed inRacibórz, one inKraków, one inWrocław and one inPoznań, bringing the total number of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in Poland to 17.[26]

Local transmission, 10 – 27 March 2020

[edit]

On 10 March 2020 the mode of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Poland was officially declared by theWorld Health Organization as having shifted fromimported cases only tolocal transmission.[27][28] and the same day,Armed Forces General Commandergen.Jarosław Mika was diagnosed[29] and the eighteenth confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection was announced in theMasovian Voivodeship. The two SARS-CoV-2 patients earlier announced in Warsaw were both seriously ill with COVID-19.[30]

On 16 March 2020 the number of confirmed cases increased to 177 and the death toll to 4. One of those infected was Minister of the EnvironmentMichał Woś.[31]

On 17 March 2020 "patient zero", at Zielona Góra hospital, tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 the second time, and was considered to have recovered.[32][33]On 20 March 2020, theMinistry of Health officially declared an epidemic.[34]As of 29 March 2020[update], there were 269,307 people under quarantine for suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection and 42,783 SARS-CoV-2 tests had been made since the beginning of testing.[35]

Nursing home and hospital clusters, March 2020

[edit]

On 17 March 2020 a doctor at a hospital inGrójec, "Z.", had a dry cough and fever and had a sample taken for SARS-CoV-2 testing. While several members of staff did not want to work with him, the head of their group disagreed but decided after a long debate to isolate Z. The hospital continued to function for the rest of the day without disinfection of the places where Z. had been present. On 18 March Z. was confirmed to be SARS-CoV-2 positive, and the hospital took samples from close contacts of Z. from the previous five days. Some of the nurses were ordered back to work at the hospital while waiting for their test results. As of 24 March 11 of the 59 patients of the hospital and seven medical personnel were found to be SARS-CoV-2 positive.Onet.pl andGazeta Wyborcza described the situation as contagion by carelessness.[36] One of the Grójec hospital personnel also worked at aNiedabyl nursing home. On 28 March 2020 52 of the 66 residents and eight employees were found to be SARS-CoV-2 positive.[37]

On 1 April 2020, 38 hospitals and hospital sections around Poland, including twelve in theMasovian Voivodeship that includes the Polish capital ofWarsaw, were temporarily closed due to the risk of SARS-CoV-2 contamination from a confirmed or likely SARS-CoV-2 infected patient.[38]

Second wave, October 2020

[edit]

On 5 October 2020,Przemysław Czarnek tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.[39]

On 14 OctoberSebastian Kaleta tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.[40]On 24 October, it was announced thatPolish presidentAndrzej Duda had tested positive for COVID-19 after attending an event inTallinn where he met Bulgarian presidentRumen Radev who had gone into self-isolation after the event.[41]On 2 December 2020, Poland reached 1 million cases.

Epidemic controls

[edit]
Hand sanitiser distributor in an almost empty shopping centre inTomaszów Mazowiecki, 3 March 2020

Lockdown type measures

[edit]

On 10–12 March 2020 lockdown-type control measures were implemented, closing schools and university classes, offices, and cancelling mass events,[42][43][44] defined as those allowing 1000 or more participants in the case of stadiums or other events outside of buildings, and those allowing 500 or more participants in the case of events in buildings.[42] on 12 March 2020, cultural institutions, such as philharmonic orchestras, operas, theatres, museums, and cinemas, had their activities suspended.[43] and all schools in Poland were closed with a reopening initially scheduled for 25 March 2020.[44] The closure was extended to 10 April, with schools being required to carry outonline classes with their students. As of 20 March 2020 the dates of final exams for eighth (final) year ofprimary school andmatura, the exam during the final year ofsecondary school (liceum ortechnikum), remained unchanged.[45] Universities cancelled classes for the same period, while typically keeping research and administrative staff at work and allowing exceptions for research purposes.[46]

On 20 March 2020, the prime minister,Mateusz Morawiecki declared an official epidemic in Poland.

On 24 March 2020 Poland's government announced further restrictions on people leaving their homes and on public gatherings. The new limits constrained gatherings by default to a maximum of two people (with an exception for families); an exception for religious gatherings, such asmass in the Catholic Church, funerals and marriages in which five participants and the person conducting the ceremony were allowed to gather; and an exception for work places. Non-essential travel was prohibited, with the exception of travelling to work or home, SARS-CoV-2 control related activities, or "necessary everyday activities". Everyday activities qualifying as "necessary" included shopping, buying medicines, visiting doctors, walking dogs, jogging, cycling and walking, provided that no more than two people participate and contact with others was avoided. The restrictions were initially defined for the period from 25 March to 11 April inclusive.[47][48] As of 12 March 2020, theNational Bank of Poland, to which commercial banks in Poland send their bank notes to, carried out a two-week quarantine procedure and heating at 150 °C (302 °F) for all bank notes, prior to returning the notes for circulation.[49][50]

On 31 March 2020 the prime minister announced that Poland would strengthen the restrictions. Lawyers contacted byOKO.press expected the restrictions to be issued as aregulation (secondary legislation) (Polish:rozporządzenie), which they considered would be an unconstitutional method of introducing the rules.[51] The regulation was published inDziennik Ustaw on 31 March 2020.[52] According to the regulation, minors were prohibited from leaving their homes unaccompanied by a legal guardian. Parks, boulevards and beaches were closed, as well as all hairdressers, beauty parlours and tattoo and piercing salons. Hotels were allowed to operate only if they had residents in quarantine, in another form of isolation, on an obligatory work delegation for services such as building construction or medical purposes. Individuals walking in public were obliged to be separated by at least two metres, with the exception of guardians of children under 13 and disabled persons. No restrictions were applied to people travelling in private cars.[53][51]

The 31 March regulation allowed religious (Article 9.3a) and other (Article 15.1, 15.2) gatherings of only five people plus religious personnel or funeral employees from 1 to 11 April 2020. Gatherings for up to 50 people, inclusive of religious personnel, were allowed from 12 April 2020 until further notice.[52] An updated regulation on 10 April retained the authorisation of religious/funeral gatherings of up to 50 people but shifted the start date to 20 April (Article 9.2) while other gatherings remained banned (Article 14)[54][55] 1 person per 10 m2.[56][57]

On 9 April 2020Mateusz Morawiecki announced that the closure of cultural institutions and limits implemented in shops would continue until 19 April 2020, the closure of educational institutions and international transport would continue until 26 April 2020 the borders would remain "closed" until 3 May 2020 and people entering Poland would still be required to be quarantined for 14 days.[58] A government website differed from the 31 March regulation, stating that religious gatherings were to be limited to at most five people until 19 April 2020.[59] Police stated that the 10 April 2020 gathering of thede facto leader of PolandJarosław Kaczyński[60] and nine other people, standing close together, commemorating theSmolensk air disaster by laying a wreath, did not constitute a gathering in the sense of big gatherings forbidden in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. Former prime minister of PolandLeszek Miller described the gathering as showing contempt for ordinary people respecting the COVID-19 restrictions.[61]

Face covering

[edit]

Polish authorities did not participate in the 28 February 2020European Union tender procedure for purchasing COVID-19 pandemic related medical equipment like gloves, goggles,face shields,surgical masks, and protective clothing, in which 20 other member states participated. Poland instead applied on March 6, 2020, for the 17 March tender. TheEuropean Commission stated that all requests in the tender were satisfied by offers.[62][63]On 9 April 2020Mateusz Morawiecki announced a new control measure, in that from 16 April 2020 it was obligatory to cover one's nose and mouth in public places.[58] After being asked where people could obtain masks from, Szumowski clarified that any form of face covering, such as scarves, would be acceptable.[64]

From mid-2021 onward, media reported on more and more Poles ignoring the obligation to wear a mask.[65][66][67]

SARS-CoV-2 tests

[edit]

As of 20 March 2020[update], the number of SARS-CoV-2 tests per capita in Poland was lower than that of 22 other members of theEuropean Union, theEFTA and theEuropean Economic Area, and above that of Croatia and Hungary.[68] Using data from 20 March 2020 the number of tests per positive detection was 30.8 tests per positive detection in Poland, higher than for any of the other European countries listed, including Germany (28.7) and Norway (28.1), and lower than in South Korea at 36.6 and Russia at 721 tests per positive detection.[69]

In March 2020, the Minister of Health Łukasz Szumowski claimed that European solidarity in the provision of medical equipment to Poland had failed.OKO.press qualified the claim as "false" and accused the minister of deliberately misleading public opinion.[62]OKO.press referred to the European Union tender process for masks and other protective equipment as a "success" that Poland applied for very late, and commented as context that the EU does not have the legal powers to impose health management policy, such as quarantine measures or closing schools, on member states. The EU tender process was announced on 28 February 2020, to which 20 member states, without Poland, responded. Poland joined the mechanism on 6 March, qualifying for a procedure opened on 17 March for the purchase of gloves, goggles, face protectors, surgical masks and clothing. The European Commission claimed that all the purchases were satisfied by offers, and should arrive within two weeks. CommissionerThierry Breton described the procedure as illustrating the power of EU coordination.[62] On 19 March 2020 the EU had announced the creation of therescEU strategic stockpile of medical equipment, to be financed at the level of 90% by the commission, to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic.[70]

Vaccination

[edit]
Percentage of COVID-19 fully vaccinated population bygmina (municipality), showing large disparities between vaccination progress in urban and rural areas.

In July, 2021 Poland launched a lottery for those willing to receive the coronavirus vaccine. Every day starting on July 1, every 500th person to receive was to get a cash prize of PLN200 (€40) while every 2,000th person was to win PLN500 and every week for three months until the end of September, the government promised to give away five prizes of PLN50,000 and 720 electric scooters.[71] These incentives were designed to encourage the population to get vaccinated since, at the time of the lottery's launch, only 35% of Poland's population had been fully vaccinated against coronavirus.[citation needed]

In November 2021, officers from theCentral Police Investigation Bureau detained 11 people who were supposed to help organise false certificates confirming vaccination against COVID-19.[72]

As of January 18, 2022, Poland's vaccination rate was only 56%, below the EU average of 69%. In 2020, one third of Poles aged 18–65 had stated in a study that they would never want to be vaccinated against COVID-19, more so in rural areas with a high representation of the ruling PIS party.[73]

Impact

[edit]

Economy

[edit]

The pandemic and the isolation measures in response to it had a serious impact on the Polish economy, especially commerce, tourism and thehospitality industries.[74]

In November 2020, TheEuropean Jamboree 2020, an event for 30,000scouts andguides in Gdansk, due to take place in July 2020, and initially postponed to July 2021, was ultimately cancelled.[75][non-primary source needed][76][77]

Anti-crisis Shield

[edit]
This sectionis inlist format but may read better asprose. You can help byconverting this section, if appropriate.Editing help is available.(April 2020)

on 1 April 2020, the government launched a plan of public assistance to businesses, called the "Anti-crisis Shield" (Polish:Tarcza antykryzysowa).[74] The program consists primarily of the following five areas.[78]

Financial safety of employees and protection of jobs
  • Government-paid social insurance contributions for three months, for companies employing up to nine people, self-employed individuals and freelancers.
  • One-off benefits of circa 2,000 PLN gross (80% of the monthly minimal wage) for self-employed and freelancers. Around 2.2 million people are estimated to be eligible for these benefits.
  • Working permits for non-citizens are to be prolonged to 30 days after the official revoking of thestate of epidemic (as of early April 2020, a formalstate of emergency or state ofnatural disaster had not been declared), if they expire during thestate of epidemic.[79]
Finance of business

Business finance measures include:[80]

  • Public co-financing of employees' salaries up to 40% of the average monthly wage, if working time has been reduced up to 20%, but no less than working time for a part-time position.
  • The taxpayers affected by pandemic are entitled to deduct their losses incurred in 2020 from income obtained in 2019 providing that revenue has diminished by more than 50%.
  • Non-repayable loans up to 5,000 PLN for companies employing up to 9 people, but there cannot be any lay-offs within the next 6 months.[81]
  • Enabling legally the company credit-worthiness assessing on the basis of former year financial statement to extend the repayment terms of business overdrafts.
  • Postponing the deadlines of withholding taxes, submitting the fiscal declarations and implementation of mandatory Employee Pension Plan (EPP, pol.Pracownicze Plany Kapitałowe, PPK)
Healthcare
  • Enabling the taxpayers to deduct their donations given for counteracting the pandemic from their income.[citation needed]
Enhancing financial market soundness
  • Reducing banks' capital buffers requirements by Financial Stability Committee.[82]
Public investment plan
  • Elongated deadlines of public projects and cancellation of deadlines penalties in public tenders.
  • The public purchases for equipment needed in counteracting the pandemic no longer has to conform the public procurement law.

Solidarity with other countries

[edit]

Polish authorities and citizens took several solidarity actions to support people in other countries affected by the pandemic and to help in repatriations.[83][84][85]

The Polish government sent medical supplies to Italy and San Marino, including 20,000 litres of disinfectants toVeneto andSan Marino, produced by the state-ownedPolfa Tarchomin, and a load of medical supplies on 7 April 2020.[83] ThePolish Centre for International Aid sent a team of 15 Polish doctors and paramedics to a field hospital in Brescia,Lombardy.[86] Doctors fromWIM Warszawa share their Italian COVID-19 experience with Armenian, Azeri and Moldovan colleagues. Polish farmers allocated some of their production to Italian doctors, nurses and other healthcare professionals.[87] The Italian flag was shown as an illumination on many buildings in Poland.[88][89] Polish authorities sent Spain 20,000 litres of Trisept Complex disinfectant liquid.[90]

A medical mission from Warsaw'sMilitary Institute of Medicine went to Chicago on 23 April 2020 to help in COVID-19 management.[91][92] On 13 April 2020, the Representation ofSolidarity Fund PL in Georgia provided spraying equipment, 500 visors and 800 reusable face masks to municipal authorities inRustavi andMarneuli (Lower Kartli), Gori (Inner Kartli) and to a clinic inNikozi, near the demarcation line with SouthOssetia.[93] ThePolish Ministry of Foreign Affairs allocated 1.2 million PLN to projects aimed at supporting emergency services in Georgia and Ukraine.[94] A convoy of the Polish State Fire Service carrying humanitarian cargo for the National Medical Response Center arrived inMinsk in Belarus on 24 April, for medical institutions inGrodno Oblast, including 50,000 litres of disinfectant, 30,000 litres of antiseptic, 100,000 surgical masks andchloroquine.[95]

The Polish company Wipasz donated 100,000 reusable protective masks to Kazakhstan, laptops for Kazakhstani schoolchildren.[96][97] A team of Polish eight doctors, nurses and paramedics fromPolish Center of International Aid participated in theWorld Health Organization support program, spending a ten-day mission training staff inKyrgyz hospitals.[98]

The Polish community participated in grassroots solidarity actions around the world. Volunteers of thePolish Catholic Mission inFreiburg,Breisgau, organised help and emergency counselling,[99] teachers from Polish schools in theCzech Republic sewed masks and provided them to senior peoples' homes,[85] the Polish community in Canada printed 3D protective materials and helped in shopping, the Polish Medical Association from Berdyansk in Ukraine organised telephone consultations, the Association of Poles in Spainnasz Dom – Nuetra casa provided legal and psychological support and sewed protective clothing for nursing homes.[100]

The Polish airlineLOT used Twitter to organise a "#LOTdoDomu" ("#aFLIGHTHome") return program of 2,000 people to their countries of origin, including 18 other member states of theEuropean Union (EU).[84] The programme was completed on 5 April 2020. LOT also organised 388 special charter flights over 22 days which brought 55,000 Polish citizens and workers to Poland. Polish authorities offered ferry and dedicated train services, and 18 convoys of 800 vehicles, escorted by police, to help Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians to return to their countries.[101]

Censorship of medical personnel

[edit]

On 18 March 2020, an experienced midwife in aLesser Poland Voivodeship hospital published a report on Facebook on the conditions of medical personnel and the situation of the hospital in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. On 19 March, she was fired from the hospital[102] byMarek Wierzba. He stated that medical staff should be responsible, reliable and should publish true information. He also stated that the dismissed midwife had been spreading panic. PolishMinister of HealthŁukasz Szumowski stated that she shouldn't have been fired.[103]

On 20 March, the secretary of state of the Ministry of Health,Józefa Szczurek-Żelazko, sent a written statement ordering voivodeship medical consultants to not make statements about SARS-CoV-2, the epidemiological situation, the risks for medical staff or methods of protection from infection, unless they had first consulted with the Ministry of Health orGłówny Inspektorat Sanitarny [pl]. Szczurek-Żelazko motivated the order by the need to provide correct, unified information and to avoid unjustified unrest in the medical community.[104]

Doctors opposed the self-censorship orders; A surgeons group,Porozumienie Chirurgów SKALPEL, described the order asblackmail and said that it risked catastrophe. The group stated that the COVID-19 pandemic showed Poland as "not at all prepared for crisis situations" with a "lack of equipment, basic personal protective gear and disinfectant materials and a lack of standards and procedures".[105]

On 25 March 2020, thePolish OmbudsmanAdam Bodnar sent a letter to the Minister of Health, Szumowski, stating that medical staff's freedom of speech and is guaranteed underArticles 2 and54 of the Polish Constitution and the right of the public to information is guaranteed underArticle 61 of the constitution. Bodnar stated that firing or punishing doctors for informing the public during the pandemic could be a violation of the "obligatory standards". Bodnar asked if Szumowski was aware of the situation and requested a clarification of policy.[102]

Statistics

[edit]
Reverse timeline of major events of COVID-19 pandemic in Poland (6/6)
11 Jan 2022100,000 confirmed deaths
23 Dec3,500,000 confirmed recoveries
22 Dec4,000,000 confirmed cases
16 Dec90,000 confirmed deaths
3 Dec85,000 confirmed deaths
28 Nov3,500,000 confirmed cases
28 Nov3,000,000 confirmed recoveries
19 Nov80,000 confirmed deaths
29 Oct3,000,000 confirmed cases
28 Sep200 deaths per 100,000 population (2‰)[106][107]
29 June75,000 confirmed deaths
9 May70,000 confirmed deaths
Reverse timeline of major events of COVID-19 pandemic in Poland (5/6)
1 May2,500,000 confirmed recoveries
24 April65,000 confirmed deaths
15 April60,000 confirmed deaths
9 April150 deaths per 100,000 population (1.5‰)
9 April2,500,000 confirmed cases
5 April2,000,000 confirmed recoveries
5 April55,000 confirmed deaths
24 March50,000 confirmed deaths
19 March2,000,000 confirmed cases
9 March1,500,000 confirmed recoveries
6 March45,000 confirmed deaths
11 February40,000 confirmed deaths
4 February100 deaths per 100,000 population (1‰)
29 January1,500,000 confirmed cases
23 January35,000 confirmed deaths
Timeline of major events of COVID-19 pandemic in Poland (4/6)
3 November400,000 confirmed cases
7 November500,000 confirmed cases
7 November200,000 confirmed recoveries
11 November600,000 confirmed cases
14 November10,000 confirmed deaths
15 November700,000 confirmed cases
20 November800,000 confirmed cases
24 November900,000 confirmed cases
26 November15,000 confirmed deaths
27 November500,000 confirmed recoveries
2 December1,000,000 confirmed cases
6 December20,000 confirmed deaths
19 December25,000 confirmed deaths
28 December1,000,000 confirmed recoveries
6 January 202130,000 confirmed deaths
Timeline of major events of COVID-19 pandemic in Poland (3/6)
13 September60,000 confirmed recoveries
22 September80,000 confirmed cases
30 September90,000 confirmed cases
1 October70,000 confirmed recoveries
4 October100,000 confirmed cases
11 October80,000 confirmed recoveries
11 October3,000 confirmed deaths
16 October150,000 confirmed cases
17 October90,000 confirmed recoveries
21 October200,000 confirmed cases
22 October100,000 confirmed recoveries
22 October4,000 confirmed deaths
29 October300,000 confirmed cases
29 October5,000 confirmed deaths
3 November6,000 confirmed deaths
Timeline of major events of COVID-19 pandemic in Poland (2/6)
25 April500 confirmed deaths
8 May5,000 confirmed recoveries
21 May20,000 confirmed cases
25 May1,000 confirmed deaths
26 May10,000 confirmed recoveries
16 June30,000 confirmed cases
28 June20,000 confirmed recoveries
19 July40,000 confirmed cases
19 July30,000 confirmed recoveries
7 August50,000 confirmed cases
19 August40,000 confirmed recoveries
21 August60,000 confirmed cases
27 August2,000 confirmed deaths
5 September70,000 confirmed cases
5 September50,000 confirmed recoveries
Timeline of major events of COVID-19 pandemic in Poland (1/6)
4 March 2020First confirmed case
12 MarchFirst confirmed death
12 MarchLockdown-type controls: schools and university are closed(extended several times)
14 March100 confirmed cases
15 MarchSanitary cordon on all Polish borders
17 MarchFirst confirmed recovery
20 MarchGovernment officially declared a state of epidemic[34]
21 March500 confirmed cases
25 March1,000 confirmed cases
4 April100 confirmed recoveries
6 April100 confirmed deaths
8 April5,000 confirmed cases
14 April500 confirmed recoveries
19 April1,000 confirmed recoveries
22 April10,000 confirmed cases
See also:Statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland

Total number of confirmed cases, recoveries and deaths

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Confirmed new cases per day

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Confirmed deaths per day

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COVID-19 monitoring, February–April 2020

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Temporary German–Polish border control atLubieszyn (Western Pomerania) [pl], 15 March 2020.
Animated map of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in Poland
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COVID-19 monitoring in Poland, February to April 2020. "Suspected" means hospitalised for suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the absence of updates, data from earlier dates are repeated without change. Early values of lab-tested counts are shown as "1" in the absence of data. Quarantine numbers from 17 March include people quarantined after entering Poland following border closures.[108]

After the first laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 case in Poland on 4 March 2020, inLubusz Voivodeship, bordering Germany,[2] cases were confirmed in seven other voivodeships throughout Poland during 5–9 March 2020,[109] covering eight of thesixteen voivodeships. On 17 March, all sixteen voivodeships had recorded SARS-CoV-2 positive cases, with the final two voivodeships beingKujawsko-Pomorskie andPodlaskie.[110][111]

On 15 March, Poland closed its land borders for 10 days, and international airports for 14 days for passenger traffic, only allowing Polish residents, citizens and those with immediate Polish family to enter Poland. People entering Poland were required to be quarantined for 14 days.[108] The way in which borders were controlled was criticised as it caused traffic disruptions, forcing drivers to wait in long lines.[112][113][114][115] On 16 March, at the small traffic border crossing inPrudnik cars were waiting in a line of over three kilometres (2 miles).[116]

Additional information

[edit]

COVID-19 versus non-COVID-19 death classification

[edit]

On 26 March 2020, the Polish health authorities' classification ofCOVID-19 deaths only included deaths of people with lab-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, classified asU07.1 under theICD-10 international disease classification system. (U07.1[117]).[118] COVID-19 deaths underU07.2, which had been defined by WHO one day earlier[119] to mean deaths when "COVID-19 is diagnosed clinically or epidemiologically but laboratory testing is inconclusive or not available",[117] were not yet included in theNIPH–NIH instructions.[119] Stefan Karczmarewicz, writing inPolityka, interpreted this as an attempt by authorities to lower the official COVID-19 death toll in Poland. He argued that there was a policy of limiting the number of SARS-CoV-2 tests, which together with the exclusion of the ICD-10 categoryU07.2 implied an underestimate of the true COVID-19 death toll.[120][121] NIPH–NIH stated that the omission was unintentional due to the timing, and updated its instructions on 1 April, instructing doctors to also use theU07.2 definition of clinically or epidemiologically classified COVID-19 cases.[119] NIPH–NIH stated that the WHO considered it "irrelevant" to distinguish betweenU07.1 andU07.2. On 6 April 2020 Bartosz Fiałek, a Polish rheumatologist, claimed that the NIPH–NIH instructions were unclear, and that it appeared thatU07.2 was not being used for COVID-19 deaths in hospital in which SARS-CoV-2 tests had not been carried out, nor for people dying of COVID-19 in quarantine.[122]Starting on 1 April 2020, fatalities which were clinically or epidemiologically diagnosed as COVID-19 (U07.2) were also considered as COVID-19 deaths byNIPH–NIH.[119]

Suspected COVID-19 deaths in quarantine

[edit]

As of 28 March 2020[update], people in Poland who died in quarantine from suspected COVID-19 were not tested post mortem for SARS-CoV-2.[123] On 21 March 2020, a 45-year-old man who was quarantined inGłogów after returning from outside of Poland and who had shown COVID-19 symptoms was found dead by police. As of 26 March 2020, the prosecutor investigating his death had not decided whether or not to carry out a SARS-CoV-2 laboratory test on the corpse.[123] The dead body of a 50-year-old woman who returned from Germany toKonin and felt ill was found by her family on 24 March.Główny Inspektorat Sanitarny [pl] (GIS, the national health agency) refused to test the corpse for SARS-CoV-2. As of 27 March 2020[update], GIS had not stated what procedures were in place for post mortem tests.[123] As of 6 April 2020[update], it was not known if any laboratories in Poland were qualified to carry out post-mortem SARS-CoV-2 tests.[122]

Unofficial deaths

[edit]

There were several claims of COVID-19 deaths unreported by the Ministry of Health. In early April,Warsaw City Council stated that there had been 32 COVID-19 deaths in Warsaw, while official statistics only listed eight. The Minister of Health stated that the difference was that deaths were officially allocated according to the official places of residence of the deceased. The mayor of Warsaw,Rafał Trzaskowski, stated that the data were carefully checked, and that 18 of the 32 were registered as officially living in Warsaw, not eight.[124]

Disagreement between local media, the head of theKuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, and GIS continued for several days in early April in relation to the 4 April death in aGrudziądz hospital of a 64-year-old woman from Grudziądz who was SARS-CoV-2 positive.[125]Gazeta Pomorska [pl] stated that the head of the voivodeship only accepted including the 64-year-old's death in official reports after the newspaper "intervened". As of 8 April 2020[update], according toGazeta Pomorska, the Ministry of Health still listed only one COVID-19 death from Grudziądz (that of an 80-year-old), while local branches of the health agency stated zero SARS-CoV-2 infections from Grudziądz in their reports.[126]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  23. ^"Kolejne 3 przypadki koronawirusa w Polsce" [Another 3 coronavirus cases confirmed]. 8 March 2020. Retrieved8 March 2020 – via Twitter.
  24. ^"Ministerstwo Zdrowia: trzy nowe przypadki koronawirusa. Pacjenci to kobieta i dwaj mężczyźni" [Ministry of Health: three new coronavirus cases. One woman patient and two men].Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). 8 March 2020.Archived from the original on 8 March 2020. Retrieved8 March 2020.
  25. ^"Kolejne przypadki zakażeń" [More cases of infection].Onet (Polish). 8 March 2020. Retrieved8 March 2020.
  26. ^"Pięć nowych potwierdzonych przypadków koronawirusa" [Five new confirmed coronavirus cases].Ministry of Health (in Polish). 9 March 2020.Archived from the original on 9 March 2020. Retrieved9 March 2020.
  27. ^"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) – Situation Report – 49"(PDF).WHO. 9 March 2020.Archived(PDF) from the original on 10 March 2020. Retrieved22 March 2020.
  28. ^"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) – Situation Report – 50"(PDF).WHO. 10 March 2020. Retrieved22 March 2020.
  29. ^"Top Polish general has coronavirus – defence ministry".Reuters. 10 March 2020. Archived fromthe original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved10 March 2020.
  30. ^"Koronawirus w Polsce. 18. przypadek w kraju, trzeci na Mazowszu. Odwołane wszystkie imprezy masowe" [Coronavirus in Poland. The 18th case nationally, the third in Masowia. All mass events are cancelled].Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). 10 March 2020.Archived from the original on 10 March 2020. Retrieved10 March 2020.
  31. ^"Minister środowiska zakażony koronawirusem. Michał Woś potwierdza".Wprost. 16 March 2020. Retrieved17 March 2020.
  32. ^"Szpital w Zielonej Górze: "pacjent zero" w środę zostanie wypisany do domu" [Hospital in Zielona Góra: 'patient zero' will be discharged from hospital on Wednesday] (in Polish).Polish Press Agency. 17 March 2020.Archived from the original on 18 March 2020. Retrieved19 March 2020.
  33. ^"Negatywny wynik testów "pacjenta zero". Może opuścić szpital". TVP. 17 March 2020.
  34. ^ab"Liczba zakażonych koronawirusem przekroczyła 400. Rząd wprowadził stan epidemii" [More than 400 infected by the coronavirus. The government declared an epidemic-->].Newsweek Polska (in Polish). 20 March 2020. Retrieved22 March 2020.
  35. ^"(Tweet)". 29 March 2020.Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved5 April 2020 – via Twitter.Dzienny raport o #koronawirus.
  36. ^"Koronawirus w szpitalu w Grójcu. Rozprzestrzenił się przez uchybienia? Onet: Popełniono wszystkie błędy" [Coronavirus in the hospital at Grójec. Contagion by carelessness? Onet: All mistakes were made-->].Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). 24 March 2020.Archived from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved28 March 2020.
  37. ^"Ognisko koronawirusa pod Radomiem. Zakażonych 60 osób w domu pomocy społecznej w Niedabylu" [Coronavirus cluster at Radom. 60 people infected at a social help home in Niedabyl-->].Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). 28 March 2020.Archived from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved28 March 2020.
  38. ^Dolecka, Zofia (1 April 2020)."Koronawirus w Polsce. Zamknięte całe szpitale i pojedyncze oddziały [aktualizowana lista]" [Coronavirus in Poland. Complete hospitals and single sections closed [updated list]].Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish).Archived from the original on 1 April 2020. Retrieved2 April 2020.(counts of closed hospitals/sections in 14 of the voivodeships: DS 3 KP 2 LU 1 MA 4 MZ 12 OP 0 PK 2 PM 1 SL 8 SK 2 WP 3 ZP 0)
  39. ^"New Polish education minister tests positive for coronavirus".ABC News.Associated Press. 5 October 2020.
  40. ^Kaleta, Sebastian [@sjkaleta] (14 October 2020)."Dziś otrzymałem informację o zakażeniu koronawirusem" [Today I received information about coronavirus infection] (Tweet) (in Polish) – viaTwitter.
  41. ^"Covid-19: Poland President Duda tests positive for virus".BBC News. 24 October 2020.
  42. ^abPalińska, Ewa (10 March 2020)."Premier odwołał wszystkie imprezy masowe w Polsce" [The prime minister cancelled all mass events in Poland].trojmiasto.pl (in Polish). Retrieved21 March 2020.
  43. ^abRudziński, Łukasz (10 March 2020)."Teatry zamknięte przynajmniej na 2 tygodnie".trojmiasto.pl (in Polish).Archived from the original on 21 March 2020. Retrieved21 March 2020.
  44. ^ab"Zawieszenie zajęć dydaktyczno-wychowawczych w przedszkolach, szkołach i placówkach oświatowych" [Suspension of educational classes in preschools, schools and educational institutions].Politics of Poland (in Polish). 11 March 2020.Archived from the original on 21 March 2020. Retrieved21 March 2020.
  45. ^"Szkoły pozostaną zamknięte do Wielkanocy. Harmonogram roku szkolnego bez zmian" [Schools will remain closed until Easter. School calendar unchanged].TVN24 (in Polish). 20 March 2020.Archived from the original on 21 March 2020. Retrieved21 March 2020.
  46. ^Tretyn, Andrzej (13 March 2020)."ZARZĄDZENIE Nr 34 – Rektora Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu z dnia 13 marca 2020 r. w sprawie zapobiegania rozprzestrzeniania się wirusa SARS-CoV-2 wśród członków społeczności Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu" [Decree Number 34 – Rector of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń of 13 March 2020 on the prevention of the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus among the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń community] (in Polish).Nicolaus Copernicus University.Archived from the original on 13 March 2020. Retrieved13 March 2020.
  47. ^"Czy można biegać i spacerować? Rzecznik rządu: Policja nie będzie biegła za każdym, kto wyjdzie na spacer" [Is jogging or walking allowed? Government spokesperson: The police will not chase everyone who goes for a walk-->].Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). 24 March 2020.Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved25 March 2020.
  48. ^"Nowe ograniczenia w przemieszczaniu się. 'Będą dotyczyć nas wszystkich'" [New constraints on movement. 'They'll affect us all'].TVN24 (in Polish). 24 March 2020. Archived fromthe original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved24 March 2020.
  49. ^Ministry of Health (12 March 2020)."NBP odkaża gotówkę. Pieniądze są poddawane działaniu wysokiej temperatury" [The NBP disinfects cash. Money is subjected to high temperatures] (in Polish).Archived from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved24 March 2020 – via Twitter.
  50. ^"Some businesses shun bills, coins fearing spread of virus". 27 August 2023.
  51. ^abJałoszewski, Mariusz (31 March 2020)."Rząd zaostrza izolację: młodzież ma być w domach, zakaz spacerów w parkach [ograniczenia w punktach]" [The government tightens the lockdown: youth at home, walks in the park forbidden [list of restrictions]-->].OKO.press (in Polish).Archived from the original on 31 March 2020. Retrieved31 March 2020.
  52. ^ab"Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 31 marca 2020 r. w sprawie ustanowienia określonych ograniczeń, nakazów i zakazów w związku z wystąpieniem stanu epidemii" [Regulation by the Cabinet on 31 March 2020 on setting limits, orders and prohibitions in relation to the onset of an epidemic](PDF).Sejm (in Polish). 31 March 2020.Archived(PDF) from the original on 2 April 2020. Retrieved2 April 2020.
  53. ^"Kolejne kroki w walce z koronawirusem – w sklepie mniej osób, ograniczenia w poruszaniu nieletnich, a parki, plaże i bulwary zamknięte" [Next steps in fight with coronavirus – in shops fewer people, restrictions in movement of minors, parks, beaches, boulevards closed].gov.pl (in Polish). 31 March 2020.Archived from the original on 31 March 2020. Retrieved31 March 2020.
  54. ^"Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 10 kwietnia 2020 r. w sprawie ustanowienia określonych ograniczeń, nakazów i zakazów w związku z wystąpieniem stanu epidemii" [Regulation by the Cabinet on 10 April 2020 on setting limits, orders and prohibitions in relation to the onset of an epidemic](PDF).Sejm (in Polish). 10 April 2020.Archived(PDF) from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved17 April 2020.
  55. ^Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 19 kwietnia 2020 r. w sprawie ustanowienia określonych ograniczeń, nakazów i zakazów w związku z wystąpieniem stanu epidemii (Dz.U. 2020 poz. 697)
  56. ^Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 2 maja 2020 r. w sprawie ustanowienia określonych ograniczeń, nakazów i zakazów w związku z wystąpieniem stanu epidemii (Dz.U. 2020 poz. 792)
  57. ^Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 16 maja 2020 r. w sprawie ustanowienia określonych ograniczeń, nakazów i zakazów w związku z wystąpieniem stanu epidemii(Dz.U. 2020 poz. 878)
  58. ^ab"Wychodzisz z domu? Zasłoń usta i nos!".Gov.pl. 16 April 2020.
  59. ^Obowiązek zasłaniania ust i nosa już wkrótce, a zasady bezpieczeństwa na dłużej (9 April 2020)."gov.pl".gov.pl.Archived from the original on 9 April 2020. Retrieved9 April 2020.
  60. ^Koper, Anna; Goclowski, Marcin (3 April 2020)."Spat over presidential election tests Poland's ruling coalition".Thomson Reuters.Archived from the original on 4 April 2020. Retrieved10 April 2020.
  61. ^"PiS składa wieńce, policja mówi: To nie zgromadzenie. "Jawna pogarda wobec ludzi, którzy siedzą w domach "" [Piś lays a wreath, the police say: it's not a gathering. "Complete contempt for people who are sitting at thome"].Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). 10 April 2020.Archived from the original on 10 April 2020. Retrieved10 April 2020.
  62. ^abcPankowska, Maria (26 March 2020)."Szumowski krytykuje UE: 'Nie ma tej europejskiej solidarności'. To wielopiętrowy fałsz" [Szumowski criticise the EU: 'There is no European solidarity'. Which is false at many levels-->].OKO.press (in Polish).Archived from the original on 26 March 2020. Retrieved26 March 2020.Bo jak byśmy czekali na inne kraje, na Europę, na świat, to byśmy się obudzili bez środków, a dookoła wszyscy by te środki sobie zakupili ... Żeby była jasność, to nie jest tak, że my ten sprzęt mamy w Europie, że są jego nieograniczone ilości. ... Bo niestety tutaj centralne zakupy zawiodły, nie ma tej europejskiej solidarności.
  63. ^"Pénurie de masques : une responsabilité partagée par les gouvernements" [Lack of masks: a responsibility shared by governments].Public Senat (in French). 23 March 2020.Archived from the original on 9 April 2020. Retrieved6 April 2020.
  64. ^"Czy trzeba będzie nosić maseczki? Łukasz Szumowski: Wprowadzamy obowiązek zakrywania ust i nosa" [Should masks be worn? Łukasz Szumowski: We're introducing an obligation to cover one's mouth and nose].Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). 9 April 2020.Archived from the original on 9 April 2020. Retrieved9 April 2020.
  65. ^Stochaj, Przemysław (6 October 2021)."Coraz więcej Polaków ignoruje obowiązek noszenia maseczek" [More and more Poles ignore the obligation to wear masks].Jedynka, Polskie Radio (in Polish). Warszawa, Poland. Retrieved23 October 2021.
  66. ^Kallalas, Piotr (19 August 2021)."Dlaczego ludzie już nie noszą maseczek?" [Why don't people wear face masks anymore?].trojmiasto.pl (in Polish). Gdańsk, Poland. Retrieved23 October 2021.
  67. ^"Ponad 1300 zakażeń w piątek. Służby będą mocniej egzekwować noszenie maseczek" [More than 1,300 infections on Friday. Services will enforce the wearing of masks more strongly].bankier.pl (in Polish). Wrocław, Poland. 1 October 2021. Retrieved23 October 2021.
  68. ^Total tests for COVID-19 per 1,000 peopleArchived 23 March 2020 at theWayback Machine
  69. ^"Koronawirusa mamy w Polsce najmniej w Europie – wynika z porównania liczby testów i zakażeń".OKO.press. 22 March 2020.Archived from the original on 23 March 2020. Retrieved22 March 2020.
  70. ^"COVID-19: Commission creates first ever rescEU stockpile of medical equipment".European Commission. 19 March 2020.Archived from the original on 22 March 2020. Retrieved26 March 2020.
  71. ^"Poland kicks off COVID-19 vaccination lottery". 2 July 2021.
  72. ^"Mieli załatwiać zaświadczenia o szczepieniu przeciwko COVID-19. 11 osób zatrzymanych".TVN24 (in Polish). 23 November 2021. Retrieved25 November 2021.
  73. ^Holt, Ed (29 January 2022)."Polish Government COVID-19 advisors resign".The Lancet.399 (10323). Elsevier: 424.doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00159-3.PMC 8797060.PMID 35093217.
  74. ^ab""Tarcza antykryzysowa" podpisana przez prezydenta – publikujemy teksty ustaw".Serwis Samorządowy PAP (in Polish). Retrieved13 April 2020.
  75. ^"We still have time to panic constructively"(video). Split, Croatia: European Jamboree 2020. 30 August 2019. Event occurs at 7:50. Retrieved30 August 2019 – viaFacebook.
  76. ^"European Jamboree 2020 rescheduled to Summer 2021".European Jamboree 2020. 6 April 2020. Archived fromthe original on 6 April 2020. Retrieved6 April 2020.
  77. ^"European Jamboree 2020 – European Jamboree Cancelled".European Jamboree 2020. 23 November 2020.Archived from the original on 23 November 2020. Retrieved23 November 2020.
  78. ^"Rząd zatwierdził "tarczę antykryzysową". Szczegóły pakietu pomocy równego 10 proc. PKB".PolskieRadio24.pl. Retrieved13 April 2020.
  79. ^"Tarcza antykryzysowa: pandemia legalizuje pracę cudzoziemców".Rzeczpospolita (in Polish). Retrieved13 April 2020.
  80. ^"Rząd przyjął pakiet projektów antykryzysowych: ma chronić pracodawców i pracowników".Serwis Samorządowy PAP (in Polish). Retrieved13 April 2020.
  81. ^"Premier: Tarcza antykryzysowa pomoże przedsiębiorcom i pracownikom | Kancelaria Prezesa Rady Ministrów".www.premier.gov.pl (in Polish). 18 March 2020. Retrieved13 April 2020.
  82. ^"Tarcza antykryzysowa. IV FILAR: Wzmocnienie systemu finansowego".Serwis Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Retrieved13 April 2020.
  83. ^ab"Polish support for Italian doctors".gov.pl. 7 April 2020. Retrieved9 April 2020.
  84. ^ab"#LOTdoDomu – summary of actions taken by Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Poland". 6 April 2020. Retrieved9 April 2020.
  85. ^ab"Polish community in Zaolzie as volunteers". 6 April 2020. Retrieved9 April 2020.
  86. ^"European solidarity in protecting health workers and citizens". Retrieved9 April 2020.
  87. ^"Polish farmers for Italy". 15 April 2020. Retrieved2 May 2020.
  88. ^"Warsaw: Presidential Palace illuminated with tricolour flag". 19 March 2020. Archived fromthe original on 27 May 2020. Retrieved9 April 2020.
  89. ^"An inscription "Italy" appears on the National Stadium building in Warsaw". 19 March 2020. Retrieved9 April 2020.
  90. ^"On 17 April, Poland sent out 20 thousand litres of disinfectants for Spain". 16 April 2020. Retrieved2 May 2020.
  91. ^"Coronavirus response: Poland sends medical mission to the United States".NATO.int. 23 April 2020.NATO Spokesperson Oana Lungescu welcomed the mission, saying: "NATO Allies stand in solidarity in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. Working together, our nations have been helping each other to save lives, including by sharing medical expertise. The Polish medical mission to Chicago shows once again that in facing global challenges, we are stronger together.
  92. ^"Polish mission in Chicago". 21 April 2020. Retrieved2 May 2020.
  93. ^"Poland has provided Georgian medical personnel with protective equipment against coronavirus infection". 13 April 2020. Retrieved2 May 2020.
  94. ^"Support to emergency services in Georgia and Ukraine". 12 April 2020. Retrieved2 May 2020.
  95. ^"Polish donation for Belarus". 23 April 2020. Retrieved2 May 2020.
  96. ^Princes Lubomirski Foundation
  97. ^'The good gesture of Kazakhstan-friendly Poland is a clear example of global solidarity in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic,' the Kazakh Foreign Ministry's Telegram reads.[1]
  98. ^"Polish doctors in Kyrgyzstan". 22 April 2020. Retrieved2 May 2020.
  99. ^"Polish communities abroad fight against the global coronavirus pandemic with the help of Polonia4Neighbours scheme". 17 April 2020. Retrieved2 May 2020.
  100. ^"Poles take part in charity actions". 12 April 2020. Retrieved2 May 2020.
  101. ^"European solidarity in bringing people home". Retrieved9 April 2020.
  102. ^abMielcarek, Mariusz (26 March 2020)."Pielęgniarki – położna napisała jak jest w szpitalu. Została zwolniona!" [Nurses – a midwife wrote about the situation in a hospital. She was fired!].Portal Pielęgniarek i Położnych (in Polish).Archived from the original on 27 March 2020. Retrieved27 March 2020.
  103. ^"Nowy Targ. Minister Zdrowia skomentował zwolnienie położnej za wpis dot. maseczek ochronnych".nowytarg.naszemiasto.pl. 25 March 2020. Retrieved30 March 2020.
  104. ^"Letter from Józef Szczurek-Żelazko to consultants". 20 March 2020.Archived from the original on 30 March 2020. Retrieved30 March 2020 – via Twitter.
  105. ^"Ministerstwo Zdrowia chce kontrolować wypowiedzi wojewódzkich konsultantów medycznych" [The Minister of Health wants to control voivodeship medical consultants' freedom of speech].Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish). 26 March 2020.Archived from the original on 27 March 2020. Retrieved27 March 2020.
  106. ^"Ministerstwo Zdrowia" (in Polish). Ministry of Health (Poland). 13 August 2022. Retrieved13 August 2022 – via Twitter.
  107. ^"Covid 19 statistics - ourworldindata.org". Retrieved29 September 2021.
  108. ^ab"Poland's borders closed from 15 March due to coronavirus".government of Poland. 17 March 2020.Archived from the original on 21 March 2020. Retrieved21 March 2020.
  109. ^"Ministerstwo Zdrowia: 17 pacjentów z koronawirusem" [Ministry of Health: 17 patients with coronavirus].TVN24 (in Polish). 9 March 2020.Archived from the original on 9 March 2020. Retrieved9 March 2020.
  110. ^Ministry of Health (17 March 2020)."(Tweet)" (in Polish).Archived from the original on 17 March 2020. Retrieved17 March 2020 – via Twitter.Errata: Potwierdzone przypadki dotyczą 6 osób z dolnośląskiego, 3 osób z woj. łódzkiego, 2 osób z woj. śląskiego i 2 osób z woj. wielkopolskiego i po 1 osobie z woj. małopolskiego, lubelskiego i kujawsko-pomorskiego. ... W sumie liczba osób zakażonych koronawirusem: 221/5 (wszystkie pozytywne przypadki/w tym osoby zmarłe).
  111. ^Ministry of Health (17 March 2020)."(Tweet)" (in Polish).Archived from the original on 17 March 2020. Retrieved17 March 2020 – via Twitter.Potwierdzone przypadki dotyczą: 8 osób z woj. łódzkiego, 5 z woj. dolnośląskiego i po 1 osobie z woj. opolskiego, śląskiego, zachodniopomorskiego i podlaskiego. W sumie liczba osób zakażonych koronawirusem: 238/5 (wszystkie pozytywne przypadki/w tym osoby zmarłe).
  112. ^"Trudna sytuacja na granicy polsko-niemieckiej. Polska udostępnia dodatkowe przejścia | DW | 18 March 2020" (in Polish). Deutsche Welle. Retrieved30 March 2021.
  113. ^"Koronawirus. RPO apeluje do wojewodów o pomoc stojącym w kolejkach na granicach".Rzecznik Praw Obywatelskich (in Polish). 18 March 2020. Retrieved30 March 2021.
  114. ^"Nawet sześć godzin czekania na granicy z Niemcami".TVN24 (in Polish). 16 March 2020. Retrieved30 March 2021.
  115. ^"Nadal ciągną się kolejki na granicy z Niemcami".Rzeczpospolita (in Polish). 19 March 2020. Retrieved30 March 2021.
  116. ^Dereń, Andrzej (16 March 2020)."Długie kolejki na granicy – Teraz Prudnik!".terazprudnik.pl (in Polish). Retrieved30 March 2021.
  117. ^ab"ICD-10 Version:2019".World Health Organization. 2019.Archived from the original on 31 March 2020. Retrieved31 March 2020.U07.2 – COVID-19, virus not identified – COVID-19 NOS – Use this code when COVID-19 is diagnosed clinically or epidemiologically but laboratory testing is inconclusive or not available. Use additional code, if desired, to identify pneumonia or other manifestations
  118. ^"WAŻNE! Wytyczne dotyczące określania przyczyn zgonów związanych z epidemią koronawirusa wywołującego COVID-19" [IMPORTANT! Procedures for defining the cause of death in relation to the epidemic of the coronavirus causing COVID-19].Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego – Państwowy Zakład Higieny (in Polish). 26 March 2020.Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved31 March 2020.
  119. ^abcdŚwisłowski, Kacper (1 April 2020)."Państwowy Zakład Higieny dodał nowy kod zgonów, rekomendowany przez WHO. Wyjaśniamy, o co chodzi z U07.1 i U07.2" [NIPH–NIH added a new code for deaths, as recommended by the WHO. Explanation of what U07.1 and U07.2 are].Gazeta Wyborcza (in Polish).Archived from the original on 1 April 2020. Retrieved1 April 2020.
  120. ^"Zakaz wspólnego wychodzenia z domu. Rząd zaostrza kwarantannę" [Going out together from home is forbidden. The government tightens quarantine-->].Newsweek Polska (in Polish). 31 March 2020.Archived from the original on 31 March 2020. Retrieved31 March 2020.
  121. ^Karczmarewicz, Stefan (30 March 2020)."Już wiemy, dlaczego zgonów jest mało. PiS opublikował mechanizm swojej kreatywnej statystyki" [Now we know we there are so few deaths. PiS published the mechanism of its creative statistics-->].Polityka (in Polish).Archived from the original on 30 March 2020. Retrieved31 March 2020.
  122. ^abSzukalska, Hanna (6 April 2020)."Polska zbija termometr: Covid-19 nie znajdzie się na karcie zgonu bez testu. A testów post mortem nie ma" [Poland kills the thermometer: COVID-19 is absent from the death certificates of the untested. And there are no post-mortem tests].OKO.press (in Polish).Archived from the original on 6 April 2020. Retrieved6 April 2020.
  123. ^abcJędrysik, Miłada (28 March 2020)."Umrzesz na kwarantannie, nie liczysz się do koronawirusa" [If you die in quarantine, you don't count as coronavirus].OKO.press (in Polish).Archived from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved29 March 2020.
  124. ^"Prezydent Warszawy pyta o rozbieżności w statystykach zgonów. Zagmatwane wyjaśnienia resortu" [The mayor of Warsaw asks about the differences in fatality statistics. Confusing explanation from the ministry].Fakty TVN (in Polish). 14 March 2020.Archived from the original on 14 April 2020. Retrieved14 March 2020.
  125. ^Sobczak, Filip (3 April 2020)."Pacjentka z toruńskiej hematologii zmarła w szpitalu w Grudziądzu" [A patient from the Toruń haematology department died in a Grudziądz hospital].Oto Toruń (in Polish).Archived from the original on 4 April 2020. Retrieved4 April 2020.Nie żyje 64-letnia kobieta, ... U pacjentki potwierdzono zakażenie COVID-19.
  126. ^"Raport sanepidu w Grudziądzu utrzymuje: 0 zakażonych. Tymczasem zmarła, zakażona koronawirusem 64-latka, była grudziądzanką" [GIS report for Grudziądz insists: 0 infected. While a 64-year-old Grudziądz woman who was infected by the coronavirus died].Gazeta Pomorska [pl] (in Polish). 8 April 2020.Archived from the original on 8 April 2020. Retrieved8 April 2020.

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