The protein encoded by this intronless gene is abZIP transcription factor that can bind as a homodimer to certain DNA regulatory regions. It can also form heterodimers with the related proteinsCEBP-alpha,CEBP-delta, andCEBP-gamma. The encoded protein is important in the regulation of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses and has been shown to bind to theIL-1 response element in theIL-6 gene, as well as to regulatory regions of several acute-phase andcytokine genes. In addition, the encoded protein can bind the promoter and upstream element and stimulate the expression of thecollagen type I gene.[7]
CEBP-beta is critical for normalmacrophage functioning, an importantimmune cellsub-type;mice unable toexpress CEBP-beta have macrophages that cannotdifferentiate (specialize) and thus are unable to perform all their biological functions—including macrophage-mediated muscle repair.[8]Observational work has shown thatexpression of CEBP-beta in bloodleukocytes is positively associated with muscle strength inhumans,[9] emphasizing the importance of the immune system, and particularly macrophages, in the maintenance of muscle function.
Function of CEBPB gene can be effectively examined by siRNA knockdown based on an independent validation.[10]
Upon further investigation, it was noted that CEBPB has close to 8,600 similar correlations with biological manipulations ranging from molecules to proteins or abstracted microRNAs. This protein is found in blood and is upregulated in diseases by acute myeloid leukemia, Glioma, and prostate cancer. This idea is predicated in an intracellular location and precisely localized to the nucleoplasm.
TheCEBPB gene encodes a transcription factor. As previously mentioned, "It contains a leucine zipper (bZIP) domain and the encoded protein functions as a homodimer. It can also form heterodimers with enhancer-binding proteins such as alpha, delta, and gamma. The activity of this protein is important in regulating genes involving the immune and inflammatory responses, among other processes. The "AUG" start codons, resulting in multiple protein isoforms".[19] It was also mentioned that each of these codon has a different biological function in the body.
This pathway allows for proliferation, inhibition, and even survival. This gene is a vital part of proliferation and segregation. It's important "as the transcription factor regulates the expression of genes that are involved in the immune and inflammatory response, it includes the gluconeogenic pathway and liver recovery. It has a probiotic effect on many cell types, like hepatocytes and adipocytes. However, it exerts differential "effects on T cells by inhibiting MYC expression and promoting differentiation of the T helper lineage." It binds to the regulatory regions of several phase and cytokine genes".[20]
CEBPB is a type of CEBP transcript. CEBPB[21] gene is noted in macrophages in SKCM and provides a favorable prognosis with metastatic cancer by being a biomarker for the patient's diagnosis stratification. Through integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-sequence datasets. Since CEBPB is a transcription factor in regulating gene expression, patients with metastatic melanoma may benefit long-term by blocking proteins such as CTLA-4 Other. Any other pathway of immune activation, such as targeting CEBPB. It is widely expressed in several different cancers.
^"Human PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Szpirer C, Riviere M, Cortese R, Nakamura T, Islam MQ, Levan G, Szpirer J (June 1992). "Chromosomal localization in man and rat of the genes encoding the liver-enriched transcription factors C/EBP, DBP, and HNF1/LFB-1 (CEBP, DBP, and transcription factor 1, TCF1, respectively) and of the hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor gene (HGF)".Genomics.13 (2):293–300.doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90245-N.PMID1535333.
^Kovács KA, Steinmann M, Magistretti PJ, Halfon O, Cardinaux JR (September 2006). "C/EBPbeta couples dopamine signalling to substance P precursor gene expression in striatal neurones".Journal of Neurochemistry.98 (5):1390–1399.doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03957.x.PMID16771829.S2CID36225447.
^Robert I, Sutter A, Quirin-Stricker C (October 2002). "Synergistic activation of the human choline acetyltransferase gene by c-Myb and C/EBPbeta".Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research.106 (1–2):124–135.doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(02)00419-9.PMID12393272.
^Chen KG, Sale S, Tan T, Ermoian RP, Sikic BI (April 2004). "CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (nuclear factor for interleukin 6) transactivates the human MDR1 gene by interaction with an inverted CCAAT box in human cancer cells".Molecular Pharmacology.65 (4):906–916.doi:10.1124/mol.65.4.906.PMID15044620.S2CID86591291.
^Xia C, Cheshire JK, Patel H, Woo P (December 1997). "Cross-talk between transcription factors NF-kappa B and C/EBP in the transcriptional regulation of genes".The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology.29 (12):1525–1539.doi:10.1016/s1357-2725(97)00083-6.PMID9570146.
1gtw: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF C/EBPBETA BZIP DIMERIC BOUND TO A DNA FRAGMENT FROM THE TOM-1A PROMOTER
1gu4: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF C/EBPBETA BZIP DIMERIC BOUND TO A HIGH AFFINITY DNA FRAGMENT
1gu5: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF C/EBPBETA BZIP DIMERIC BOUND TO A DNA FRAGMENT FROM THE MIM-1 PROMOTER
1h88: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF TERNARY PROTEIN-DNA COMPLEX1
1h89: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF TERNARY PROTEIN-DNA COMPLEX2
1h8a: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF TERNARY PROTEIN-DNA COMPLEX3
1hjb: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF RUNX-1/AML1/CBFALPHA RUNT DOMAIN AND C/EBPBETA BZIP DIMERIC BOUND TO A DNA FRAGMENT FROM THE CSF-1R PROMOTER
1io4: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF RUNX-1/AML1/CBFALPHA RUNT DOMAIN-CBFBETA CORE DOMAIN HETERODIMER AND C/EBPBETA BZIP HOMODIMER BOUND TO A DNA FRAGMENT FROM THE CSF-1R PROMOTER
