| CAF Civity | |
|---|---|
 ETR 563 atLjubljana railway station | |
| Manufacturer | CAF |
| Built at | Irun Beasain Zaragoza Newport |
| Constructed | 2012–present |
| Number under construction | 261 units on order |
| Number built | 251 units |
| Formation | 2 to 8 cars per unit |
| Specifications | |
| Train length | 43–160 m (141 ft 1 in – 524 ft 11 in) |
| Car length | 21.5 m (70 ft 6 in) (M) 16.2 m (53 ft 2 in) (T) 20 m (65 ft 7 in) (PH) |
| Width | 2.88–2.95 m (9 ft 5 in – 9 ft 8 in) |
| Height | 4.3 m (14 ft 1 in) |
| Floor height | 600 mm (23.6 in)–1,150 mm (45.3 in) |
| Maximum speed | 75–125 mph (120–200 km/h) |
| Weight | c. 100 t (98.4 long tons; 110.2 short tons) |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)standard gauge |
TheCAF Civity is a family of regional passenger trains which is manufactured by Spanish rolling stock manufacturerConstrucciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles. Available as bothdiesel,electric andbattery-electric multiple unit, theCivity was first launched in 2010 and received its first order two years later.
As of 2023, 251Civity units have been constructed, with a further 261 on order. The United Kingdom is the largest customer of the platform with a total of 216 units ordered.
TheCivity is a modular platform available in four variants, which arediesel, diesel-electric,electric andbi/dual mode. Most variants of theCivity platform, with the exception of theCivity UK and NSW, have shared bogies and a low floor.[1]
As of 2024[update], the diesel variant has only been ordered by operators in the United Kingdom (Northern,West Midlands Trains andTransport for Wales), with these units being constructed in either two, three or four-car formations. These trains will be fitted withMTU powerplants which produce 523 horsepower (390 kW) per engine (one engine per car), which will give them a maximum speed of 100 mph (160 km/h).
The electric variant is capable of operating on 1500 V or 3000 V DC power supplies with a pick-up shoe or 15 kV or 25 kV AC power supplies with a pantograph. It has so far been ordered in either three, four or five car formations, with these being capable of speeds between 75–125 mph (120–200 km/h).
In February 2019,Transport for NSW signed a contract with Momentum TrainsPPP to supply 117Civitybi mode (diesel and 1500 V DC electric supply) carriages,a new maintenance centre in Dubbo and a maintenance contract as part of the Regional Rail Project.[2] The new trains, referred to as theR sets, will replace theXPT (19 power cars and 60 carriages),Xplorer (23 carriages) andEndeavour (28 carriages) trains. The 117 new carriages will make up 10 diesel-electric trainsets for use on long-distance services linkingSydney,Melbourne andBrisbane, plus nine short and 10 long multiple-units for regional routes, a total of 29 trains.[3][4] The trains have been heavily delayed and now due to commence in service in 2025.[5]
In June 2021, theVerkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (VRR) and the Nahverkehr Westfalen-Lippe (NWL) announced that CAF, using itsCivity platform, had been selected to build and maintain for 30 years, 63battery electric multiple units (48 long and 15 short version) for theNiederrhein-Münsterland regional train network, comprising the RE10, RB37 (lot 1), RE14, RE44, RB31, RB36, RB41 and RB43 (lot 2)train services in the state ofNorth Rhine-Westphalia. The fleet will be owned by the VRR and NWL and will be made available toDB Regio (lot 1) and the othertrain operating company that has yet to be selected (lot 2). The operations on the individual services are due to start between December 2025 and 2028.[6]In 2022, the Nahverkehr Westfalen-Lippe ordered an additional 10 long units for operation on the RB68 (Münster – Sendenhorst) and RB76 (Verl – Gütersloh – Harsewinkel) services from December 2025.[7]
In 2010, the Italian region ofFriuli-Venezia Giulia placed an order with CAF for eight ETR 563 five-car units forTrenitalia. Four more units were subsequently ordered, with these units capable of operating services intoSlovenia andAustria, with these being designated as ETR 564 units. The units were delayed into service as they could not be approved.[8]
Five four-car ETR 452 trains have been built forFerrotramviaria, a regional train operator inBari,Apulia. They have been in use since 2014 and 2015.[9]
TheEl Insurgente commuter rail service betweenMexico City andToluca useselectric multiple units combining the Civity and the earlierCivia designs.[10][11]
Three Class 6111 three-carEMUs were delivered toŽeljeznički prevoz Crne Gore (ŽPCG), the national railway company ofMontenegro, specifically to serve thePodgorica-Nikšić railway, cutting travel time to 50 minutes. The first of the new trains started with service on 13 July 2013.[12][13]
In 2014,Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) placed a €510 million order for 118Civity sets. These new trains, which will consist of three and four car formations, will replace theNS SGMm sets. The train is known as theSprinter New Generation (SNG) by the NS. The trains will be delivered from 2018 and can operate at 160 km/h (100 mph).[14] A mock-up of an SNG was presented in September 2015, featuring sockets, recycling bins and a toilet.[15] An additional 88 sets were ordered in December 2018, with deliveries expected to continue through 2023.[16]
In 2024Qbuzz placed an order for 10 three carCivity sets. These sets will replace 2Stadler GTW 2/6 and 8 GTW 2/8 trainsets delivered in 2008-2011. The new trainsets will be in service by the end of 2027 and can operate at 160 km/h (100 mph). The replacement is part because of implementation of ERTMS and part because of having more doors and toilets.
In 2022 CAF won theDubbeldekker Nieuwe Generatie tender for NS with Civity Duo, the first double decker of the Civity platform. The contract consists of 60 double decker train sets with 4 and 6 coaches, with an option to expand the contract to 80,000 seats.[17]
In 2022,Renfe Viajeros placed an initial order for 28 EMUs for regional services with options for 42 additional trains,[18] with an investment of €290 million. The next year, CAF received an extension for 32 more trains, extending the order to 60 trains.[19] Those EMU will have a maximum speed of 200 km/h (125 mph), and will have three- and five-car versions.
Three of the six public transport agencies running regional trains under theKrösatågen [sv] brand (Jönköpings län,Kronobergs län andKalmar län) have made a joint order for 20 electric units (EMU) and 8 units that can be powered either by an external electricity supply or by using the onboard diesel engine (BMU). The contract also contain an option for another 19 EMUs and 7 BMUs through the leasing companyTransitio.[20] The trains will be ofCivity Nordic version, designed for operation at temperatures of between −40 and 40 °C (−40 and 104 °F) and are set to arrive 2024–27 and will replace theX11s,X14s,Itinos andY2s currently running in the regions. The maximum speed of EMUs will be 200 km/h (125 mph), that of the BMUs will be 200 km/h (125 mph) in electric mode and 140 km/h (87 mph) in diesel mode.[21][22]
25SJ regional trains, scheduled to enter service in 2027, will operate on regional routes including Stockholm-Västerås-Örebro-Skövde-Gothenburg, Linköping-Norrköping-Stockholm-Arlanda-Uppsala-Gävle-Ljusdal and Kalmar-Gothenburg. The trains are designed for cold weather conditions in Sweden, and can operate with a top speed of 200 km/h. The contract, valued at EUR 300 million, was awarded toCAF by SJ in 2022.[23][24]
In January 2016,Arriva Rail North placed an order for 98 (later increased to 101)[25] units, with the majority of these trains due to operate on the company'sNorthern Connect regional express services[26] (now under operatorNorthern Trains). The order breakdown is for 58 (originally 55)Class 195 diesel multiple units (two and three-car) and 43Class 331 electric multiple units (three and four-car). All of these trains were planned to gradually enter service throughout 2019.
In early 2018, it was revealed that there is an option for an undisclosed number of additional carriages.[27] There is also a provision available to extend the four car Class 331 units to five carriages in the future.[28]
The extra three Class 195 units were ordered in November 2018.[25]
CAF built twelveClass 397 five-car electric multiple units forTransPennine Express for itsWest Coast Main Line services, which operate fromLiverpool andManchester Airport toGlasgow andEdinburgh. These units were due to be delivered between 2018 and 2019, replacing the four-carClass 350/4 units which were previously used on these services.[29] They have a maximum speed of 125 mph (200 km/h).[30]
It was announced in late 2017 that CAF will also supply 26Class 196 diesel multiple units forWest Midlands Trains, which will be in two-car and four-car formations. They will operate services for the company's West Midlands Railway sub-brand.[31]
In June 2018 it was announced thatKeolisAmey Wales had ordered 51 two-car and 26 three-car diesel multiple Civitys, to be based atChester and Machynlleth depots. These have since received theTOPS designationClass 197.[32]
In November 2023 it was announced thatLondon North Eastern Railway had ordered 10 ten-car tri-mode Civitys.[33] They have since been classified asClass 897 units.
ThePhilippine National Railways confirmed the order of 7 Civity trains fromMitsubishi–CAF joint venture in 2023. These 8-car trains shall be used on theNorth–South Commuter Railway's Airport Express service with a maximum speed of 160 km/h (100 mph).[34] Its design is based on the MexicanEl Insurgente trains, distinguished by the use of 1.5 kilovolt DC electrification,gangway doors and the adoption of Japanese Shibata couplers.[35]
For compatibility with the line'splatform screen doors, the trains will have a 20,000 mm (65 ft 7 in) car length, 2,950 mm (9 ft 8 in) width and be 4,150 mm (13 ft 7 in) in height. It will also have a high platform design of 1,150 mm (3 ft 9 in) height as measured from the rails. The trains can fit up to 800 passengers with 392 seated, 8 wheelchair spaces and 400 standees.[36]
In 2012, Latvian railway operatorPasažieru vilciens placed a €400 million order for 34 electric and seven diesel-electric multiple units. The order also included a 30-year maintenance plan for the units. The three car sets were to be built for the1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in)Russian gauge and capable of operating on lines electrified at 3000V DC with a maximum speed of 140 km/h (90 mph).[37] The order was subsequently cancelled, with no units built.
| Class | Image | Operator(s) | Type | No. | Cars | Built | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Australia | ||||||||
| R set |  | NSW TrainLink | BMU | 19 | 3 | 2023– | ||
| 10 | 6 | |||||||
 Italy | ||||||||
| ETR 452 |  | Ferrotramviaria | EMU | 5 | 4 | 2014–15 | ||
| ETR 563 | | Trenitalia | 8 | 5 | 2012–13 | |||
| ETR 564 | 4 | 2014 | ||||||
 Montenegro | ||||||||
| 6111 | .jpg) | Željeznički prevoz Crne Gore | EMU | 3 | 3 | 2013 | ||
 Netherlands | ||||||||
| SNG | .jpg) | Nederlandse Spoorwegen | EMU | 118 | 3 | 2018–2023 | ||
| 88 | 4 | |||||||
| QbuzzMerwedeLingelijn | EMU | 10 | ||||||
| Dubbeldekker Nieuwe Generatie | Nederlandse Spoorwegen | Civity Duo EMU | 30 | 4 | ||||
| 30 | 6 | |||||||
 United Kingdom | ||||||||
| Class 195 |  | Northern Trains | DMU | 25 | 2 | 2017–2020 | ||
| 33 | 3 | |||||||
| Class 196 |  | West Midlands Trains | 12 | 2 | 2019–2022 | |||
| 14 | 4 | |||||||
| Class 197 |  | Transport for Wales | 51 | 2 | 2020– | |||
| 26 | 3 | |||||||
| Class 331 |  | Northern Trains | EMU | 31 | 2017–2020 | |||
| 12 | 4 | |||||||
| Class 397 Nova 2 |  | TransPennine Express | 12 | 5 | 2017–2019 | |||
| Class 897 | London North Eastern Railway | TMU | 10 | 10 | not yet known | |||
 Germany | ||||||||
| not yet known | not yet known (Niederrhein-Münsterland-Netz) | BEMU | 60 | 2021– | ||||
 Mexico | ||||||||
| Commuter Train |  | Tren Interurbano México-Toluca | EMU | 30 | 5 | 2016-2020 | ||
