Cádiz
Congress of Deputies Electoral constituency
Location of Cádiz withinSpain
Province	Cádiz
Autonomous community	Andalusia
Population	1,254,291 (2024)[1]
Electorate	1,017,958 (2023)
Major settlements	Jerez de la Frontera,Cádiz,Algeciras,San Fernando,El Puerto de Santa María
Current constituency
Created	1977
Seats	8 (1977–1986) 9 (1986–2011) 8 (2011–2015) 9 (2015–present)
Members	PP (4)  PSOE (3)  Vox (1)  Sumar (1)

Cádiz is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish:circunscripciones) represented in theCongress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, theCortes Generales. The constituency currently elects ninedeputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanishprovince of Cádiz. Theelectoral system uses theD'Hondt method andclosed-listproportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

The constituency was created as per thePolitical Reform Law and was first contested in the1977 general election. The Law provided for theprovinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in theCongress of Deputies,^[2] with this regulation being maintained under theSpanish Constitution of 1978.^[3] Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under anorganic law, needing anabsolute majority in theCortes Generales.^[4]

Voting is on the basis ofuniversal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights.^[5] The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationalsover 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their politicaland civil rights.^[6][7] Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required forSpaniards abroad toapply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish:Voto rogado),^[8][9] which was abolished in 2022.^[10] 348 seats are elected using theD'Hondt method and aclosed listproportional representation, with anelectoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Each provincial constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 being distributed in proportion to their populations.Ceuta andMelilla are allocated the two remaining seats, which are elected usingplurality voting.^{[2][3][11][12]} The use of the electoral method may result in aneffective threshold based on thedistrict magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies.^[13]

The electoral law allows forparties andfederations registered in theinterior ministry,coalitions andgroupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.^[14][15]

36°30′N5°45′W / 36.500°N 5.750°W /36.500; -5.750

• Congress of Deputies constituencies (Spain)
• Province of Cádiz
• 1977 establishments in Spain
• Constituencies established in 1977
• Politics of Andalusia

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