| Bzyb | |
|---|---|
| бзыԥ, бзыԥтәи/бзыԥ ацәажәашьа | |
| Native to | Turkey,Abkhazia |
| Region | Bzyb River |
Native speakers | (30,000 cited 1964) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | bzyb1238 |
| This article containsIPA phonetic symbols. Without properrendering support, you may seequestion marks, boxes, or other symbols instead ofUnicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. | |
Bzyb (also spelledBzyp) is a major dialect ofAbkhaz, native to theBzyb River region ofCaucasus.[1] It was once the literary variety of Abkhaz, but students are now taught in the Abzhuy dialect.[2]
It differs from standard Abkhaz mainly in terms ofphonology. It has 69 consonant phonemes.[3] It shares the[ɕʷ] and[ʑʷ] sounds with theSadz dialect, and the[t͡ɕ],[d͡ʑ],[t͡ɕʼ],[ɕ],[ʑ],[χˤ], and[χˤʷ] sounds are unique to Bzyb. Standard Abkhaz (which is based on theAbzhywa dialect) lacks these sounds.
The phoneme[ɥ]⟨Ҩ ҩ⟩ was originally a labialized pharyngeal fricative[ʕʷ].[3]
The Bzybconsonant inventory appears to have been the fundamental inventory ofProto-Abkhaz, with the inventories of Abzhywa and Sadz being reduced from this total, rather than the Bzyb series being innovative.[2]
Bzyb was first written in 1862, whenPeter von Uslar introduced a Cyrillic-based orthography for it, partially inspired byAnders Johan Sjögren's 1844 Ossetian alphabet.[4] The alphabet is as follows:
| а | б | ҩ | г | ӷ | д | ꚁ | е |
| ж | ђ | ꚅ | ꚅ̆ | з | ӡ | ꚃ | һ |
| ꚕ | і | ј | к | қ | л | м | н |
| о | п | ԥ | ԛ | р | с | т | ҭ |
| ꚍ | ꚍ̆ | у | ф | х | ц |  | ꚏ |
| ꚏ̆ |  |  | ч |  | ҽ | ҽ̆ | ш |
| ш̆ | ꚗ | ꚗ̆ | ѵ |
With the modern orthography, Viacheslav Chirikba transcribes the phonemes unique to Bzyb, or to Bzyb and Sadz, with digraphs : зь /ʑ/, ӡь /d͡ʑ/, сь /ɕ/, х' /χ/, ць /t͡ɕʰ/, ҵь /t͡ɕʼ/.[3]
The proposedNorth Caucasian language family comprises theNortheast andNorthwest Caucasian language families. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northwest (Pontic) |
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| Northeast (Caspian) |
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Italics indicateextinct languages | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ThisNorthwest Caucasian languages-related article is astub. You can help Wikipedia byexpanding it. |