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Byzantine Italy

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Parts of Italy held by the Byzantine Empire

Byzantine and Lombard possessions in Italy, around 600

Byzantine Italy consisted of various parts of theItalian peninsula that were under the control of theByzantine Empire since theGothic War (535–554), and up to the end of the 11th century, with a brief attempt of Byzantine reconquest in the middle of the 12th century.^[1]

Chronologically, it refers to:

Praetorian prefecture of Italy (540/554–584)
Exarchate of Ravenna (584–751)
Theme of Sicily (687–902)
Theme of Longobardia (c. 891 – c. 965)
Catepanate of Italy (965–1071)

Byzantine possessions in southern Italy, around 1000

Several states avoided conquest by theLombards orFranks and maintained nominal Byzantine allegiance even after the Byzantine presence in Italy came to an end:

Likewise, the island ofSardinia maintained Byzantine allegiance in this period:

Byzantine Sardinia

References

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^Cosentino 2021, p. 1-25.

Sources

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Calaon, Diego (2014)."La Venetia maritima tra il VI e il IX sec. Mito, continuità e rottura"(PDF).Dalla catalogazione alla promozione dei beni archeologici. Venezia: Regione del Veneto. pp. 53–66.
Cosentino, Salvatore, ed. (2021).A Companion to Byzantine Italy. Boston-Leiden: Brill.
Gelichi, Sauro; Gasparri, Stefano, eds. (2018).Venice and Its Neighbors from the 8th to 11th Century: Through Renovation and Continuity. Leiden-Boston: Brill.
Kreutz, Barbara M. (1996).Before the Normans: Southern Italy in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Meyendorff, John (1989).Imperial unity and Christian divisions: The Church 450-680 A.D. Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press.
Ostrogorsky, George (1956).History of the Byzantine State. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Peters, Edward;Foulke, William D., eds. (2003) [1907].Paul the Deacon: History of the Lombards. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Ravegnani, Giorgio (2006).Bisanzio e Venezia. Bologna: Il mulino.
Skoblar, Magdalena, ed. (2021).Byzantium, Venice and the Medieval Adriatic: Spheres of Maritime Power and Influence, c. 700-1453. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
West-Harling, Veronica (2020).Rome, Ravenna, and Venice, 750-1000: Byzantine Heritage, Imperial Present, and the Construction of City Identity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Vicelja-Matijašić, Marina (2005)."Byzantium and Istria: Some Aspects of Byzantine Presence in Istria"(PDF).Acta Histriae.13 (1):185–204.
Wickham, Chris (1981).Early Medieval Italy: Central Power and Local Society, 400-1000. Totowa, NJ: Barnes & Noble.

Italy articles

History

Overview	Timeline of Italian history
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Byzantine Empire topics

History

Preceding	Roman Empire Later Roman Empire
Early(330–717)	Constantinian–Valentinianic era Constantinian dynasty Valentinianic dynasty Theodosian era Leonid era Justinian era Heraclian era "Byzantine Dark Ages" Twenty Years' Anarchy
Middle(717–1204)	Isaurian era Nikephorian era Amorian era Macedonian era Doukid era Komnenian era Angelid era
Late(1204–1453)	Sack of Constantinople Fourth Crusade Frankokratia Latin Empire Byzantine successor states (Nicaea /Epirus–Thessalonica /Morea /Trebizond–Theodoro) Palaiologan era Decline of the Byzantine Empire Fall of Constantinople
By modern region or territory	Albania Anatolia Armenia Bulgaria Corsica Crete Cyprus Dalmatia Egypt Greece Italy Sardinia Sicily Maghreb Malta Mesopotamia Serbia Spain (Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands) Syria Thrace

Governance

Central

Emperors Coronation Family tree Empresses Imperial bureaucracy Medieval Greek Senate
Early	Praetorian prefects Magister officiorum Comes sacrarum largitionum Comes rerum privatarum Quaestor sacri palatii
Middle	Logothetes tou dromou Sakellarios Logothetes tou genikou Logothetes tou stratiotikou Chartoularios tou sakelliou Chartoularios tou vestiariou Epi tou eidikou Protasekretis Epi ton deeseon
Late	Megas logothetes Mesazon

Provincial

Early	Praetorian prefectures Dioceses Provinces Quaestura exercitus Exarchate of Ravenna Exarchate of Africa
Middle	Themata Kleisourai Bandon Catepanates
Late	Kephale Despotates

Foreign relations

Military

Army

Battle tactics Battles Beacon Generals Mercenaries Military manuals Military units Revolts
Early	Late Roman army East Roman army Foederati Bucellarii Scholae Palatinae Excubitors
Middle	Themata Kleisourai Tourma Droungos Bandon Tagmata Domestic of the Schools Hetaireia Akritai Varangian Guard
Late	Komnenian army Pronoia Vestiaritai Palaiologan army Allagion Paramonai Grand domestic

Navy

Conflicts

Religion and law

Religion	Eastern Orthodoxy Byzantine Rite Hesychasm Hayhurum Patriarchate of Constantinople Saints Oriental Orthodoxy Alexandrian Rite Armenian Rite West Syriac Rite Miaphysitism Ecumenical councils Arianism Monophysitism Paulicianism Iconoclasm Great Schism Bogomilism Mount Athos Missionary activity Bulgaria Moravia Serbs Kievan Rus' Jews
Law	Codex Theodosianus Corpus Juris Civilis Code of Justinian Ecloga Basilika Hexabiblos Mutilation

Culture and society

Architecture

Secular Sacred Cross-in-square Domes
Constantinople	Basilica Cistern Baths of Zeuxippus Blachernae Palace Chora Church City Walls Great Palace of Constantinople Hagia Irene Hagia Sophia Hippodrome Pammakaristos Church Prison of Anemas
Thessalonica	Arch of Galerius and Rotunda Byzantine Bath Hagia Sophia Hagios Demetrios Panagia Chalkeon Walls of Thessaloniki
Ravenna	San Vitale Sant'Apollinare in Classe Sant'Apollinare Nuovo
Other locations	Daphni Monastery Hosios Loukas Nea Moni of Chios Panagia Gorgoepikoos Saint Catherine's Monastery Mystras

Art

Economy

Literature

Everyday life

Science
Learning

Impact
Byzantine commonwealth Byzantine studies Museums Byzantinism Cyrillic script Neo-Byzantine architecture Greek scholars in the Renaissance Third Rome Megali Idea