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Abush band is a group ofmusicians that play Australianbush ballads. A similar bush band tradition is also found inNew Zealand.
In addition to vocals, instruments featured in bush bands may includefiddle,accordion,guitar,banjo,mandolin,concertina,harmonica,lagerphone,bush bass (tea chest bass) ordouble bass,tin whistle, andbodhrán. Less common are thepiano,bones,barcoo dog (asheep herding tool used as asistrum),spoons, andmusical saw. Although not traditional,electric bass guitar orelectric guitar have occasionally been used since the 1970s.
Bush bands play music forbush dances, in which the dance program is usually based on dances known to have been danced in Australia fromcolonial times to thefolk revival in the 1950s. Contemporary dances, set in the traditional style, are also featured at bush dances.
Some popular traditional bush dances are Stockyards,Haymaker's Jig,Galopede,Brown JugPolka,Virginia Reel andbarn dance. Popular contemporary bush dances include Blackwattle Reel, Jubilee Jig, CHOGM Pentrille, Knocking Down His Cheque and MidnightSchottische.
Bush bands also playbush ballads, many of which date to the 19th century. Among the most notable bush lyricists was the poetBanjo Paterson (1864–1941).
TheBush Music Club, based inSydney,New South Wales,Australia, hold regular bush dances and Colonial Balls where bush bands perform.[1]
Bush bands, as currently formulated, experienced a revival in 1953 with the musical playReedy River, which was first produced and published by theNew Theatre (Sydney)[2] and most recently produced in 2002.[citation needed] Written byDick Diamond, the musical featured twelve or so Australian songs, which included Doreen Jacobs' setting of Helen Palmer's "Ballad of 1891," as well as the title song,Chris Kempster's setting of Lawson's "Reedy River." The backing band for this popular stage production was "The Bushwhackers", who had formed a year earlier in 1952. As the musical was performed inBrisbane and other Australian cities, local "bush bands" modeled on the Sydney group, such as Brisbane's "The Moreton Bay Bushwhackers," sprang up in each place; many of these remained together following the closing of the musical, and spawned other, similar groups.
Perhaps the best known bush band internationally, albeit in their later years with the influence of English folk rock bands likeFairport Convention andSteeleye Span, was theBushwackers (spelt without the "h" as in the earlier Bushwhackers Band of the 1950s), who formed in Melbourne and were active from the early 1970s to 1984. The "Wackers," as they are known by their fans, toured around the world and with their larrikin, outgoing style, song books, dance instruction books and records, contributed markedly to the spread of bush music and dancing, especially in Australia. Their style was infused with Celtic music (i.e. reels and jigs) to a greater extent than previous bush bands, and they used an electric bass guitar in place of the more traditional bush bass. The period leading up to and following Australia's Bicentenary, 1988, saw a marked resurgence in bush music and bush dances that lasted for many years.
Many bands also bearing the rock influence and adding original music rode this Australiana wave. Examples are theAnts Bush Band,Eureka!,Skewiff,Rantan Bush Band andBullamakanka and some bands, including the Bushwackers, still perform on an occasional basis.
In recent years, the emergence of bands such as The Currency (Melbourne),The Handsome Young Strangers (Sydney) Jack Flash (South Queensland)[3] andSydney City Trash (Sydney) has moved bush music into rock and roll venues and major festival stages, with a blended style that includes rock drums and guitars whilst combining with Celtic influences. The Handsome Young Strangers lean more towards the traditional style of bands such as The Bushwackers, whilst The Currency, Jack Flash andSydney City Trash incorporate both punk and Celtic styles.
