Burhanpur Brampore[1] | |
|---|---|
City | |
 .JPG)   %2c_February_2015.jpg) From top, left to right: Shahi Qila,Asirgarh Fort, Jama Masjid, Dargaah-e-Hakimi,Burhanpur railway station | |
  Burhanpur India Burhanpur Show map of Madhya Pradesh Burhanpur Burhanpur (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates:21°18′41″N76°13′44″E / 21.31139°N 76.22889°E /21.31139; 76.22889 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Madhya Pradesh |
| District | Burhanpur |
| Founded | 1380 |
| Named after | Burhanuddin Gharib |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Smt. Madhuri Atul Patel (BJP)[2] |
| Area | |
• Total | 34.6 km2 (13.4 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 247 m (810 ft) |
| Population (2011)[3] | |
• Total | 210,891 |
| • Density | 6,100/km2 (15,800/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 450331 |
| Telephone code | (+91) 7325 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-MP |
| Vehicle registration | MP-68 |
| Website | burhanpur |
Burhanpur is a historical city in the Indian state ofMadhya Pradesh. It is the administrative seat ofBurhanpur District. It is situated on the north bank of theTapti River and 512 kilometres (318 mi) northeast of city ofMumbai, 340 kilometres (211 mi) southwest of the state's capital city ofBhopal. The city is a Municipal Corporation.
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Burhanpur was an important town under theRashtrakuta Dynasty from 753–982. Excavations of theTapti River andAsirgarh Fort have discovered many coins, goddess idols and temples from the prehistoric era. However, Burhanpur came to prominence during the medieval period.[citation needed]
In 1388, Malik Nasir Khan, theFaruqi dynasty Sultan ofKhandesh, discovered Burhanpur, at the behest ofShaikh Zainuddin and named it after a well-known medievalSufi saint,Burhan-ud-Din. Burhanpur became the capital of theKhandesh sultanate. Later, Miran Adil Khan II (reigned 1457–1501), another sultan of this dynasty, built a citadel and a number of palaces in Burhanpur.[5] During his long reign, Burhanpur was transformed into a major centre for trade and textile production.[citation needed]
In 1601, theMughal emperorAkbar annexed the Khandesh sultanate and Burhanpur became the capital ofKhandesh subah,[6] one of three new top-level provinces in theMughal Empire, added in 1601 (likeBerar Subah in 1869 and Ahmadnagar subah in 1601–35) to the initial dozen as he conquered much of the Deccan.[citation needed] The town served as the residence of Khandesh's Mughal governor,Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khanan, during Akbar and Jahangir's rule. He constructed a new water supply for the town, as well as several gardens.[7] In 1609, Mughal emperorJahangir appointed his second sonParviz to the governorship of the Mughal provinces of the Deccan, and the prince chose Burhanpur as his headquarters and his residence.[citation needed]
Many historical monuments survive in the area around Burhanpur, mainly dating from the rule of the great Mughal emperorShah Jahan. Burhanpur was an important Mughal outpost. Shah Jahan spent a considerable amount of time in this town, and helped add to theShahi Qila. The Shahi Qila is one majestic palace in Burhanpur, located to the west of the Tapti River. Diwan-i-Aam and Diwan-i-Khas were built on the terrace of the Qila. Little of it remains today, as the Qila is mostly in ruins. However, the parts of the palace that are still standing display exquisite sculpture and carvings. The main attraction at the palace is thehamam or royal bath. It was specifically built for Shah Jahan's wife,Mumtaz Mahal so that she could enjoy a luxurious bath. It is said that she died there while giving birth to her fourteenth child. Even today, the ceiling has many intricate paintings. One of these paintings depicts a monument which is said to have been the inspiration for theTaj Mahal, her final resting place.[8] She was initially buried there for six months before being moved. The original grave called the Aahukhana is in disrepair.[9][10]
Around 1670 Daud Khan was the Subhadar (Governor) of Khandesh province, under the rule ofAurangzeb.[11]
In the 1720s, the town was taken by the MarathaPeshwaBajirao during his expedition to Malwa and Delhi. In the 1750s, a Maratha army underSadashivrao Bhau, who defeated theNizam of Hyderabad, took control of the town. At the downfall of the Maratha Empire, the town was given to Maratha Sardar Holkar, Scindia, and then finally in 1818 was handed over to the British by the Marathas.[12]
Burhanpur is located on the southwestern border of Madhya Pradesh, near the banks of theTapti River.[13]
As2011 Indian Census, the population of Burhanpur in 2011 was 210,886, of which males and females were 108,187 and 102,699 respectively. The population in the age group of 0 to 6 years was 28,930, of which 15,035 were males and 13,895 were females. The total number of literates in Burhanpur was 147,056, which constituted 69.7% of the population with male literacy of 73.3% and female literacy of 65.9%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Burhanpur was 80.8%, of which male literacy rate was 85.1% and female literacy rate was 76.3%. TheScheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 14,440 and 2,179 respectively. Burhanpur had 38118 households in 2011.[3]
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Islam | 50.53% | |||
| Hinduism | 45.81% | |||
| Buddhism | 2.67% | |||
| Jainism | 0.60% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.39% | |||
Islam andHinduism is followed by 50.5% and 45.8 of the population respectively, with small number ofSikhs andChristians.[14]
Urdu is the most commonly spoken language.Hindi andMarathi are the other prominent languages.Gujarati,Sindhi andMarwari are also spoken.Nimadi is the local dialect.[13][15]
Burhanpur is known for its textile industry. It is the largest hub for the power loom industry in the state. It is also known for having one NTC (National Textile Corporation) project. It has a number of textile companies which are well known for interlining cloths, Grey Markin, Bleached Dhoti, Cambric, Power loom Cloth bakram and other types of fabric. There are also several cotton and oil mills in the city.[16]
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Burhanpur was ruled by several dynasties,[17] and consequently has many visitor attractions of historical interest. It has three rivers, theTapti, theUtavali and the Mohna, with several natural sights for visitors to Burhanpur. The city has four small ghats. Being the home of a very diverse population, Burhanpur has a notableGurudwara,[citation needed]Masjid,[18] Church, a world-famousDargah[19]
Burhanpur is well connected to other cities of India via railway network. The city has onerailway station, while regular buses are available for travel to nearby cities. The closest airport isJalgaon Airport, a domestic airport, which is present on south side of the city, whileDevi Ahilya Bai Holkar Airport is the nearest customs airport within the state. TheChhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport is the nearest international airport located inMumbai in Maharashtra.
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