Burghausen | |
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.JPG) View of the city | |
 Coat of arms | |
Location of Burghausen within Altötting district  | |
 Location of Burghausen | |
  Burghausen  Burghausen | |
| Coordinates:48°10′N12°50′E / 48.167°N 12.833°E /48.167; 12.833 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Bavaria |
| Admin. region | Oberbayern |
| District | Altötting |
| Subdivisions | 33Ortsteile |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2020–26) | Florian Schneider[1] (SPD) |
| Area | |
• Total | 19.81 km2 (7.65 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 421 m (1,381 ft) |
| Population (2023-12-31)[2] | |
• Total | 19,494 |
| • Density | 984.0/km2 (2,549/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 84489 8263 |
| Dialling codes | 08677 |
| Vehicle registration | AÖ |
| Website | www.burghausen.de |
Burghausen (German pronunciation:[bʊʁkˈhaʊzn̩]ⓘ) is the largesttown in theAltötting district ofUpper Bavaria in Germany. It is situated on theSalzach river, near the border withAustria.Burghausen Castle rests along a ridgeline, and is the longest castle in theworld (1,051 m).[3]
The oldest mention of Burghausen is documented in the year 1025 as Imperialreal property. EmperorConrad II would later appoint the Counts of Burghausen as the financial administrators of the locality. But, as latest excavations have shown, the area around the main court of Burghausen'scastle has at least been inhabited since theBronze Age. With Archaeologists finding artifacts of the pre-metalCeltic,Iron Age, andRoman era, it is hard to pinpoint a "founding" date. The town has developed over thousands of years, but it is not yet possible to say how long there has been a permanent settlement.
In 1164, DukeHenry the Lion took possession of the castle. TheWittelsbachs took possession of the castle in 1180 and the surrounding valley settlements in 1229. The conferral of town status was presumed at some point, but is not supported by sources. Starting in 1255, after the first division ofBavaria, Burghausen gained political and economic prominence as the second residence of theLower Bavarian dukes.
Burghausen's main source of income was the trade in salt fromHallein, (modern-day Austria). The salt was brought ashore in Burghausen and transported further overland. The landing spot was at the Mautner castle, which now houses the city's education and cultural centre.
In 1307, the pre-existing local law was codified asmunicipal law, and in the first half of the 14th century, EmperorLouis IV granted the town further important privileges. By the end of the 14th century, Burghausen had become an administrative center as the site of the area'srevenue office.
Under the last three Lower Bavarian dukes,Henry XVI the Rich (1393–1450),Louis IX the Rich (1450–1479) andGeorge the Rich, (1479–1503), Burghausen experienced an expansion[4] andgolden age as the second capital of the duchyBavaria-Landshut. In 1505, after theLandshut War of Succession, Burghausen was one of the four Stewardships in reorganized Bavaria.
The income from the salt trade was lost in 1594 because of the establishment of the ducal salt monopoly.
Following this, Burghausen experienced more than 300 years of administrative and commercial decline:
By the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th, Burghausen had become an impoverished provincial town with barely 2,500 inhabitants. However, an economic upturn began in 1915 with the establishment of Wacker Chemical Enterprises, Inc:
The main sight of Burghausen besidesBurghausen Castle is the picturesqueOld Town in southern Inn-Salzach style. The parish churchSt. Jakob was consecrated in 1140, reconstructed after a fire in 1353 but the dome of the spire was created only in 1778/81. The ancientRegierungsgebäude (former Government Building) was built in the 16th century with three decorative Renaissance-turrets. TheTownhall with its Neo-classical facade originates already from the 14th and 15th century. These buildings are all situated at Burghausen's grand central squareStadtplatz, same as the baroqueGuardian Angel Church. To the north of this square is the former Jesuit churchSt.Joseph (1630/31), to the south theHoly Spirit Church (1325/30) which was altered during the Baroque. Above the Old Town sprawls the gothicBurghausen Castle. The Wöhrsee lake is located between the Old Town and the castle. The baroque pilgrimage churchSt. Maria Himmelfahrt is situated in Marienberg a little distance to the southwest of Burghausen, not far away from the baroque church of the ancientRaitenhaslach Abbey. The city's education and cultural centre hosts adult education classes in photography andjazz as well as crafts and jazz events.
Hoppe, Stephan. “Translating the Past: Local Romanesque Architecture in Germany and Its Fifteenth-Century Reinterpretation.” The Quest for an Appropriate Past in Literature, Art and Architecture, edited by Karl A.E. Enenkel and Konrad A. Ottenheym, vol. 60, Brill, LEIDEN; BOSTON, 2019, pp. 511–585. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctvbqs5nk.26. Accessed 18 Mar. 2021.
Media related toBurghausen at Wikimedia Commons
Towns and municipalities inAltötting district | ||
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