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Bunjikat (archeological site)

Coordinates:39°46′13″N68°47′56″E / 39.77028°N 68.79889°E /39.77028; 68.79889
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Settlement in Tajikistan
Bunjikat
Kala-i Kachkakha
Bunjikat, Kala-i Kahkaha 1 towards west
Bunjikat (archeological site) is located in West and Central Asia
Bunjikat (archeological site)
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Bunjikat (archeological site) is located in Bactria
Bunjikat (archeological site)
Bunjikat (archeological site) (Bactria)
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Bunjikat (archeological site) is located in Tajikistan
Bunjikat (archeological site)
Bunjikat (archeological site) (Tajikistan)
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Alternative nameShahriston
LocationTajikistan
Coordinates39°46′13″N68°47′56″E / 39.77028°N 68.79889°E /39.77028; 68.79889
TypeSettlement
Site notes
ConditionRuined

The ancientarchaeological site of Bunjikat (Russian:БунджикатTajik:Бунҷикат), also namedShahriston, is located near the town ofBunjikat, in the Shahristan Pass at the entrance of theFerghana Valley, inSughd Province of westernTajikistan, just west of the town ofKairma.[1]

Capital of Ustrushana

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Bunjikat was the former capital city of thePrincipality of Ushrusana between the 6th and 9th Centuries CE.[2] It replaced the older capital of Kurukada. From the 5th to the 7th century CE, Ustushana was part of the territory of theHephthalites, followed by theWestern Turks after 560 CE.[3] The Principality probably retained a certain level of autonomy throughout this period, and was ruled directly by theafshins of the Kavus dynasty.[3] Bunjikat maintained its sovereignty until 893 CE.[4]

Ruins

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Several large buildings and fortresses are located in Bunjikat, such as Kalai Kahkaha I (a Palace) and Kalai Kahkaha II (a grand building on an elevated terrace), dated from the 6th to 8th century CE.[3]

  • Kalai Kahkaha 1
    Kalai Kahkaha 1
  • Kalai Kahkaha 2
    Kalai Kahkaha 2

Works of art

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The paintings of Bunjikat are among the most important of Sogdian art.[2]

  • Bunjikat wall painting of goddess Nana, 8th-9th century.[5]
    Bunjikat wall painting of goddessNana, 8th-9th century.[5]
  • "Romulus and Remus" scene from Bunjikat.[6][7]
    "Romulus and Remus" scene from Bunjikat.[6][7]
  • Warrior demon, Kalai Kahkaha, early 9th century CE. Hermitage Museum
    Warrior demon, Kalai Kahkaha, early 9th century CE.Hermitage Museum
  • Deity, Kalai Khakaha I, early 9th century CE, Hermitage Museum.[3]
    Deity, Kalai Khakaha I, early 9th century CE, Hermitage Museum.[3]
  • Heads of Demons, Kala-i Kahkaha I Palace, Bunjikat, Ustrushana, 8th–9th century CE.[3]
    Heads of Demons, Kala-i Kahkaha I Palace, Bunjikat, Ustrushana, 8th–9th century CE.[3]
  • Bunjikat, figure with pointed and crescented helmet
    Bunjikat, figure with pointed and crescented helmet
  • God Weshparkar with bow, Kala-i Kakhakakha I, Shahristan palace, Ustrushana, Tajikistan, 8-9th century CE, National Museum of Antiquities of Tajikistan (RTL 215)
    GodWeshparkar with bow, Kala-i Kakhakakha I, Shahristan palace, Ustrushana, Tajikistan, 8-9th century CE, National Museum of Antiquities of Tajikistan (RTL 215)
  • Cavalry battle scene
    Cavalry battle scene

World Heritage Status

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toBunjikat.

This site was added to theUNESCOWorld Heritage Tentative List on November 9, 1999 in the Cultural category.[2]

References

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  1. ^The Site of Ancient Town of Shahristan (Kahkakha)
  2. ^abcWorld Heritage Center: The Criteria for Selection
  3. ^abcdeDani, Ahmad Hasan; Litvinsky, B. A. (January 1996).History of Civilizations of Central Asia: The crossroads of civilizations, A.D. 250 to 750. UNESCO. p. 259-270.ISBN 978-92-3-103211-0.
  4. ^Baumer, Christoph (18 April 2018).History of Central Asia, The: 4-volume set. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 223.ISBN 978-1-83860-868-2.
  5. ^Dani, Ahmad Hasan; Litvinsky, B. A. (1 January 1996).History of Civilizations of Central Asia: The crossroads of civilizations, A.D. 250 to 750. UNESCO. p. 266.ISBN 978-92-3-103211-0.
  6. ^Dani, Ahmad Hasan; Litvinsky, B. A. (1 January 1996).History of Civilizations of Central Asia: The crossroads of civilizations, A.D. 250 to 750. UNESCO. p. 265.ISBN 978-92-3-103211-0.
  7. ^Laet, Sigfried J. de (1 January 1994).History of Humanity: From the seventh to the sixteenth century. UNESCO. p. 947.ISBN 978-92-3-102813-7.
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