Bunama is anAustronesian language spoken in theD'Entrecasteaux Islands ofPapua New Guinea.

• /p/ can fluctuate to aspirated[pʰ] in stressed syllables.
• /bdɡ/ can also be heard as[ᵐbⁿdᵑɡ] word-initially in stressed syllables.
• /b/ can be heard as a fricative[β] intervocalically in word-medial position.
• /d/ can be heard as a tap[ɾ] intervocalically in word-medial position.
• /s/ can be heard as a more fronted[s̪] in unstressed syllables following vowels/ɛ,a/.
• Prevoicing of the lateral flap[̬ɺ] may also occur in initial positions.
• /ɺ/ may also be heard as a retroflex flap[ɽ] depending on the dialect of the speaker. It can also be heard as[̬ɽ] when realized as prevoiced in word-initial positions.
• /w/ may fluctuate to a labio-dental[v] among some speakers.
• /j/ may be realized as a dental approximant[ð̞] when before/a/.

• /a/ is heard as[ɒ] before and after a labialized consonant, or with sounds/w/,/ʔ/. It is also heard as[ʌ] word-medially and word-finally in unstressed syllables.
• /ʊ/ is heard as[ʊ] word-medially and word-finally but never following labialized consonants, or semivowels/w,j/. It is heard as[u] when following sounds/st̪ʰ/.
• /o/ can be heard as[ɔ] when preceding a glottal stop/ʔ/.^[2]

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