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Bulk cargo isproductcargo that is transportedunpackaged in large quantities.[1]
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Bulk cargo refers to material in either liquid or granular, particulate (as a mass of relatively small solids) form, such aspetroleum/crude oil,grain,coal, orgravel. This cargo is usually dropped or poured, with a spout or shovel bucket, into abulk carriership's hold,railroad car/railway wagon, ortanker truck/trailer/semi-trailer body. Smaller quantities can beboxed (ordrummed) andpalletised; cargo packaged in this manner is referred to asbreakbulk cargo.[2] Bulk cargo is classified aswet ordry.[2]
The Baltic Exchange is based in London and provides a range of indices benchmarking the cost of moving bulk commodities, dry and wet, along popular routes around the seas. Some of these indices are also used to settle Freight Futures, known as FFA's. The most famous of the Baltic indices is the Baltic Dry Indices, commonly called the BDI. This is a derived function of the Baltic Capesize index (BCI), Baltic Panamax index (BPI), Baltic Supramax index (BSI) and the Baltic Handysize index (BHSI). The BDI has been used as abellwether for the global economy as it can be interpreted as an indicator of an increase or decrease in the amount of raw commodities countries are importing/exporting.
Dry bulk is any cargo carried in bulk insolid form. Such carriage is often referred to as the "dry" trades.[3] They would include:
Liquid bulk cargo includes any cargo carried in closed tanks and poured or pumped into the carrying vessel, such as:
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