 | |
 Grand Prix Circuit (2011–present) | |
 Motorcycle Circuit (2011–present) | |
| Location | Jaypee Sports City,Greater Noida,Uttar Pradesh |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 28°21′2″N77°32′6″E / 28.35056°N 77.53500°E /28.35056; 77.53500 |
| Capacity | 110,000 |
| FIA Grade | 1[1][a] |
| Owner | Jaypee Group |
| Operator | Jaypee Sports International Limited |
| Opened | 18 October 2011; 14 years ago (2011-10-18) |
| Construction cost | ₹2,000 crore (US$240 million)[2] |
| Architect | Hermann Tilke |
| Major events | Former: Grand Prix motorcycle racing Indian motorcycle Grand Prix (2023) Formula One Indian Grand Prix (2011–2013) Asia Road Racing Championship (2016) |
| Website | buddhinternationalcircuit.in |
| Grand Prix Circuit (2011–present) | |
| Surface | Asphalt concrete withGraywacke aggregate |
| Length | 5.125 km (3.185 mi) |
| Turns | 16 |
| Race lap record | 1:27.249 ( Sebastian Vettel,Red Bull RB7,2011,F1) |
| Motorcycle Circuit (2011–present) | |
| Surface | Asphalt concrete withGraywacke aggregate |
| Length | 5.010 km (3.113 mi) |
| Turns | 13 |
| Race lap record | 1:45.028 ( Marco Bezzecchi,Ducati Desmosedici GP22,2023,MotoGP) |
| Short Circuit (2011–present) | |
| Surface | Asphalt concrete withGraywacke aggregate |
| Length | 3.100 km (1.926 mi) |
| Turns | 6 |
| Race lap record | 1:47.204 ( David Vršecký [cs],Tata Prima Racing,2017,Truck racing) |
TheBuddh International Circuit is an Indianmotor racing circuit situated inJaypee Sports City,Greater Noida,Uttar Pradesh.[3] The track shares its name withGautama Buddha, as does thedistrict of its location. The track was officially inaugurated on 18 October 2011.[4]
The 5.125 km (3.185 mi) long circuit was designed by German racetrack designerHermann Tilke.[5][6] The circuit is best known as the venue for the annualFormula OneIndian Grand Prix, which was first hosted in October 2011.[7] However, the Grand Prix was suspended for 2014 and subsequently cancelled due to a tax dispute with theGovernment of Uttar Pradesh during theAkhilesh Yadav administration.[8]
In 2007, a tentative agreement to host the Indian Grand Prix was reached between theIndian Olympic Association andBernie Ecclestone, then chief-executive of theFormula One Group. A site in Greater Noida in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh was chosen as the location of the track that would host the race.[9] Delays in the procurement of the land and construction were reported in early 2009 owing in part to the ongoing financial crisis.[10] The design of the track was ultimately revealed in November 2009.[11]
The venue was slated to debut during the2010 Formula One season, with construction scheduled to be completed in time. However, this date was pushed back and the inaugural race eventually took placethe following year.[12]
Thefirst Indian Grand Prix was held at the Buddh International Circuit on 30 October 2011. It was initially scheduled to take place in December 2011. However, following scheduling conflicts with theBahrain Grand Prix and its subsequent cancellation, the race was rescheduled to October.[13] The inaugural race was won byRed Bull Racing'sSebastian Vettel, who started from pole position. He also set the fastest lap and therefore race lap record that year, which stood for the following two Grands Prix.
During the2012 Formula One season and the second Formula One race to take place at the circuit, Sebastian Vettel took pole once again, led every lap and went on to win the race. The fastest lap of the race was set byMcLaren'sJenson Button.
Thefollowing year, the Indian Grand Prix was the sixteenth race in a nineteen-race season. Sebastian Vettel started on pole and subsequently won the race. Vettel also secured his fourth consecutiveFormula One World Drivers' Championship at this race, beating his closest challenger,Ferrari'sFernando Alonso, who finished 11th. Red Bull also secured its fourth consecutiveConstructors' Championship. The fastest lap of the race was set byLotus'Kimi Räikkönen. This was the last Formula One race held at the circuit.
The track was not slated to be part of the2014 season. One reason given was the rescheduling of the Indian Grand Prix to March for 2014, which made little sense after a race in October 2013.[14] Its appearance in the2015 season was subsequently ruled out in mid-2014, citing contractual and taxation issues.[15]
The owners were unable to significantly recover their investments through all three seasons the races were held, and were forced to write off losses worth at least $25.1 million.[16] In 2016, the owners reiterated their desire to not sell the circuit to other buyers, despite its high maintenance costs, their own financial distress, and the lack of future scheduled international sporting events.[17] The circuit has continued to host smaller local racing series and championships, including theJK Tyre National Racing Championship which includesopen-wheel racing as well as motorcycle racing,[18][19] and opentrack days.[20]
The Buddh International Circuit is located in the state of Uttar Pradesh, subject to its local taxes as well as national customs duties. The first signs of a dispute arose in 2009: in a letter to the promoters JPSK Sports, the IndianMinistry of Youth Affairs and Sports denied JPSK Sports permission to remit $36.5 million in licensing fees to Formula One administration headquarters in London. The reason given, by the thenChief Minister of Uttar Pradesh -Akhilesh Yadav, was the nature of Formula One, considered not to be a sport but rather entertainment, and its perceived lack of impact on the development of sports in the country.[21] Customs fees for imported components including engines and tyres were not waived, and tax exemptions given to other sports were not offered to the organisers.[22] Fees worth $51.3 million, meant to be paid by Jaypee Sports toFormula One World Championship Limited (FOWC), were still pending as ofLiberty Media's acquisition of the Formula One Group in 2016.[23] The government's expectation of tax revenue meant that Jaypee was prevented from paying its dues to FOWC.[24]
In a judgement issued in April 2017, the Supreme Court of India ruled that the circuit constituted a 'permanent establishment', and as such FOWC was liable to pay taxes on any income accrued by it in India, estimated at 40% of business income.[25] It considered royalty payments made by Jaypee to FOWC to be business income as well, subject to tax, which contradicted the original agreement between Jaypee and FOWC that stipulated that any fees would be paid free of taxes.[26] Liberty Media was prepared to settle the due amount in July 2017, setting aside $14.8 million.[24]
For 2022, it was planned that Buddh International Circuit would host events for theFormula Regional Indian Championship and theF4 Indian Championship,[27] however both championships were cancelled in 2022.[28] The circuit also hosted theIndian motorcycle Grand Prix in2023 as part of theMotoGP World Championship.[29]
Formula One racing's governing body, the FIA, had announced the inclusion of the Indian Grand Prix for 30 October 2011.[30] Estimated to cost about₹20 billion[31] ($400 million) to build, the circuit has a length of 5.125 km (3.185 mi) and is spread over an area of 874 acres (354 ha)[32] and is another creation ofHermann Tilke. The circuit was officially inaugurated on 18 October 2011,[33] just about two weeks before the first race. The seating capacity was initially expected to be 110,000[31] with provisions to increase it to 200,000[34] later on.
The circuit is part of the 2,500 acres (1,000 ha)Jaypee Greens Sports City,[32] which has increasingly delayed plans to include a 100,000 seating capacity international cricket stadium, 18-holegolf course, 25,000 seatfield hockey stadium and a sports academy. The circuit design incorporated feedback from the teams on how the circuit could be altered to improve overtaking. This resulted in some minor changes before 2010: the planned hairpin at turn seven was removed, and the track at turn three was widened to allow drivers to take different lines throughout the corner. More information was released in August 2010, revealing that there were plans to make the circuit one of the most challenging for drivers, with the circuit rising fourteen metres within the first three corners alone and a banked double-apex bend on the far side of the circuit,[35] nicknamed the Currybolica, as a reference to the infamous banked Parabolica corner on theMonza Circuit in Italy. The track has since been praised by drivers, includingLewis Hamilton who compared it to the classicCircuit de Spa-Francorchamps.[36]
The banked multi-apex turn 10–11–12 sequence is one of the most notable sections of the circuit. It has been likened to the long, fast Turn 8 at Turkey'sIstanbul Park circuit as it is a challenging sequence that generates high tyre loadings. Unlike Turkey's Turn 8, it tightens on exit and is a clockwise right-hander. Although it is not one of the main overtaking points, it is the corner that shows F1 cars to their full cornering potential. The circuit's main straight, at 1.06 km (0.66 mi), is among the longest in F1, with a key overtaking point at its end. The pitlane is also one of the longest in F1, at more than 600 metres: as in most races with pit stops, time spent in the pitlane is an important factor in determining race strategies.[37]
Before the opening weekend, the expected lap time for a Formula One car around the track was 1 minute, 27.02 seconds, at an average speed of 210.03 km/h (130.51 mph). At the end of the long straight between corners 3 and 4, Formula One cars were expected to reach a top speed of about 318 km/h (198 mph).[38] In the inaugural qualifying session,Sebastian Vettel turned in a lap time of 1:24.178, beating the predicted lap times from tyre manufacturerPirelli.Scuderia Toro Rosso driverJaime Alguersuari posted the top speed through the speed trap, reaching 324.2 km/h (201.4 mph).
The relatively compact circuit was due to host aGT1 World Championship round as the season finale in December 2012,[39] but the event was cancelled.
The circuit was due to host aSuperbike World Championship round for four seasons, starting in 2013.[40] However, the 2013 race was cancelled due to operational charges of Buddh International Circuit.[41]
From 2014 to 2022, there were no international championships have raced at the circuit except theAsia Road Racing Championship race in 2016. From 2023, the circuit hosts theIndian motorcycle Grand Prix as part of theMotoGP World Championship.
The reception among drivers was positive,[42] with praise for the high-speed layout and challenging corner combinations thatJenson Button described as difficult to drive in a consistently quick fashion.
The circuit has been often compared by F1 drivers to the classicCircuit de Spa-Francorchamps, a track known for high speeds and the type of corner-to-corner flow that comes from natural terrain. Inaugural winnerSebastian Vettel praised the track saying that "there is a lot of elevation change around the lap which adds to the fun, from as much as 8% downhill and up to 10% uphill; it's like a roller coaster. It really has emerged as one of the most challenging circuits on the calendar for the drivers."[43]
Originally known as theJaypee Group Circuit or the Jaypee International Circuit after the circuit's owners, the circuit was officially named theBuddh International Circuit in April 2011. According to Mr Sameer Gaur, the MD and CEO of Jaypee Sports International Limited, the name 'Buddh International Circuit' has been chosen with reference to the area where the racetrack is situated –Gautam Buddh Nagar district. Because of its location, naming the circuit 'Buddh International Circuit' was a logical choice for the company.[44]
The logo consists of a stylized 'B' in the shape of a heart, which stands for 'Buddh' and 'Bharat' (the native name of India). The saffron, green and white colours used in the logo are representative of the Indian flag, while the curves in the stylized 'B' in the logo represent the lines of a racetrack.[45]
Buddh International Circuit, which hosted India's first Formula One Grand Prix on 30 October 2011, has been awarded the '2011 Motorsport Facility of the Year' award at the Professional Motorsport World Expo 2011.[46] BIC has also been honored with the 'Best Promoter Trophy' for the successful conduct of Formula One races in 2011 & 2012 at the FIA prize-giving gala.[47]
As of September 2023, the fastest official race lap records at the Buddh International Circuit are listed as:
| Category | Time | Driver | Vehicle | Event |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grand Prix Circuit: 5.125 km (2011–present) | ||||
| F1 | 1:27.249 | Sebastian Vettel | Red Bull RB7 | 2011 Indian Grand Prix |
| Formula BMW | 1:59.395[48] | Nabil Jeffri | Mygale FB02 | 2012 2nd Buddh JK Racing Asia Series round |
| Motorcycle Circuit: 5.010 km (2011–present) | ||||
| MotoGP | 1:45.028 | Marco Bezzecchi | Ducati Desmosedici GP22 | 2023 Indian motorcycle Grand Prix |
| Moto2 | 1:52.104 | Pedro Acosta | Kalex Moto2 | 2023 Indian motorcycle Grand Prix |
| Supersport | 1:55.855[49] | Anthony West | Yamaha YZF-R6 | 2016 Buddh ARRC round |
| Moto3 | 1:59.472 | Ayumu Sasaki | Husqvarna FR250GP | 2023 Indian motorcycle Grand Prix |
| Asia Productions 250 | 2:16.051[50] | Peerapong Loiboonpen | Yamaha YZF-R25 | 2016 Buddh ARRC round |
| Asia Dream Cup | 2:24.183[51] | Zhou Shung Jun Jie | Honda CBR250R | 2016 Buddh ARRC round |
| Asia Underbone 130 | 2:27.020[52] | Florianus Roy Brilya | Yamaha T-150 | 2016 Buddh ARRC round |
| Short Circuit: 3.100 km (2011–present) | ||||
| Truck racing | 1:47.204[53] | David Vršecký [cs] | Tata Prima Racing | 2017 T1 Prima Truck Racing Championship |
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