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British Rail Class 398

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Future electric multiple unit to work in South Wales

British Rail Class 398
Citylink
Class 398 on test atAbercynon in April 2025
In servicePlanned for Spring 2026[1]
ManufacturerStadler Rail
AssemblyStadler Rail Valencia SAU
Built atValencia, Spain
Family nameCitylink
Replaced
Constructed2020–present[2]
Number under construction36
Formation3 cars per unit
Fleet numbers398001–398036
Capacity252
(126 seated, 126 standing)
OwnersSMBC Leasing[3] andEquitix[4]
OperatorsTransport for Wales Rail
DepotsTaff's Well[5]
Specifications
Car body constructionStainless steel
Train length40.07 m (131 ft 6 in)
Width2.650 m (8 ft 8.3 in)
Floor height915 mm (36 in) at doors
DoorsDouble-leaf sliding plug
(1 per side per vehicle)
Wheel diameter740 mm (29 in)
Maximum speed62 mph (100 km/h)
Traction motors4 × TSA TMR 42-31-4,
each of 150 kW (201 hp)[6]
Power output600 kW (805 hp)
Electric system(s)25 kV 50 Hz ACoverhead
Current collectionPantograph
UIC classificationBo′+2′2′+Bo′
Minimum turning radius25 m (82 ft)
Multiple workingWithin class
Track gauge4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm)standard gauge
Notes/references
Sourced from[7] except where otherwise noted.

TheClass 398Citylink[8] is a fleet of 36tram-train multiple units being built forTransport for Wales Rail by Swiss rolling stock manufacturerStadler Rail.

The units will be equipped with traction battery packages, allowing them to operate over non-electrified sections of track in addition to those with25 kV 50 Hz AC overhead supplies.[2]

History

[edit]
Mock up of the outside of a Class 398 tram-train in early 2020
Mock up of the inside of a Class 398 tram-train in early 2020

TheWales & Borders rail franchise was awarded toKeolisAmey Wales in May 2018 and commenced on 14 October 2018.[9] The franchise award included a requirement that the operator perform a full replacement of its fleets;[10] as part of which process an order was placed with Stadler for delivery by 2023 of 36 tram-train units that would be capable of running on existing lines and also under battery power on the streets of Cardiff.[11]

All units are three cars and are able to be coupled together to form a six car unit. Each three car unit has a maximum passenger capacity of 256, units will have level boarding, space for bikes, wheelchairs and pushchairs. All seats will have access to plug and USB-A style sockets.[12][13]

The first unit to arrive in the UK was 398001 in May 2022, delivered from the Valencia works to the Rail Innovation & Development Centre in Melton, Leicestershire[14] for testing on theOld Dalby Test Track.

The first unit was delivered to Taff's Well depot on 21 March 2023.[15] The Welsh Government have stated that entry into service is planned for spring 2026.[1]

Operator

[edit]

Transport for Wales

[edit]

Transport for Wales Rail Class 398 units will operate services on theRhondda,Merthyr andCardiff City lines,[15] and theCardiff Bay Branch.

Fleet details

[edit]
ClassOperatorQty.Year builtCarsUnit nos.
398Transport for Wales Rail362020–pres.3398001–398036

Named units

[edit]

Unit 398028 is namedMyddfai[16]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"New tram-trains will revolutionise transport in south Wales". Welsh Government. Retrieved6 February 2026.
  2. ^ab"Trains for Wales under construction".Rail Business UK. Sutton: DVV Media International. 2 December 2020. Archived fromthe original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved7 December 2020.
  3. ^"Time to take stock as the 'bubble' bursts…".Rail Magazine. No. 989. 9 August 2023. pp. 42–47.
  4. ^"Case Study: Wales & Borders – Commercial and Contract Management". Apex Rail. Retrieved27 August 2025.
  5. ^"Taff's Well metro depot construction started by Transport for Wales".Railway Technology. Verdict Media. 20 January 2020. Retrieved28 January 2023.
  6. ^"Stadler Rail Citylink for Keolis CVL Cardiff, Wales". Wiener Neudorf: Traktionssysteme Austria. Retrieved28 January 2023.
  7. ^Citylink Tram Train, Transport for Wales(PDF). Bussnang: Stadler Rail Group. September 2022. CTTWB0922e.Archived(PDF) from the original on 20 September 2022. Retrieved28 January 2023.
  8. ^Transport for Wales Rail [@tfwrail] (2 December 2019)."Our Metro tram-trains, which will run on the Treherbert, Aberdare and Merthyr lines from 2022, will be Class 398" (Tweet) – viaTwitter.
  9. ^"Wales' rail and Metro franchise to be run by KeolisAmey".BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. 23 May 2018. Retrieved23 March 2023.
  10. ^"KeolisAmey reveal new-look Wales trains and services".BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. 4 June 2018. Retrieved4 June 2018.
  11. ^Barry, Sion (4 June 2018)."How Wales' railways will be transformed with new stations, trains and jobs through investment worth billions".WalesOnline. Cardiff: Reach plc. Retrieved30 September 2018.
  12. ^Wilcok, Rich."Revolutionary TfW South Wales Metro tram-train enters testing phase". RTM. Retrieved15 December 2023.
  13. ^"Our New Trains".Transport for Wales. Retrieved15 December 2023.
  14. ^"First Class 398 Tram-Train For TfW In Britain".Rail Volution. Rail Volution. 16 May 2022. Retrieved1 June 2023.
  15. ^ab"South Wales Metro tram-train delivered as route blockade announced".Railway Gazette Intentional. 22 March 2023. Retrieved23 March 2023.
  16. ^Butlin, Ashley (December 2025). "Multiple Units". Stock update.The Railway Magazine. Vol. 171, no. 1497. p. 79.
Tram
Heritage
Current
Families
Withdrawn
Metro
Current
Withdrawn
Tram-train
Diesel
Electric
Stadler multiple units of the United Kingdom
Bi/Tri-Mode (FLIRT)
Diesel (FLIRT)
Electric (FLIRT)
Electric (METRO)
Tram-Train (Citylink)
AC units
(300–399)
AC units
DC units
(700–899)
AC units
(pre-TOPS)
DC units
(400–599)
DC units
(pre-TOPS)
Battery units
Hydrogen units
Miscellaneous units
Families
Notes
  • 1: Renumbered as Class 332
  • 2: Renumbered as Class 325
  • 3: Renumbered as Class 701
  • 4: Renumbered as Class 720/6
  • 5:Bi- or tri-mode unit
  • 6: Renumbered as Class 802/2
  • 7: Renumbered as Class 810
  • 8: Grouping of different rolling stock types built to loading gauge ofLondon Underground deep tube lines
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