Breistroff-la-Grande | |
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 A general view of Breistroff-la-Grande | |
.svg) Coat of arms | |
 Location of Breistroff-la-Grande | |
  Breistroff-la-Grande  Breistroff-la-Grande | |
| Coordinates:49°27′27″N6°13′08″E / 49.4575°N 6.2189°E /49.4575; 6.2189 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Moselle |
| Arrondissement | Thionville |
| Canton | Yutz |
| Intercommunality | Cattenom et environs |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2022–2026) | Michel Schmitt[1] |
Area 1 | 10.63 km2 (4.10 sq mi) |
| Population (2023)[2] | 876 |
| • Density | 82.4/km2 (213/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 57109 /57570 |
| Elevation | 157–242 m (515–794 ft) (avg. 200 m or 660 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Breistroff-la-Grande (German:Breisdorf) is acommune in theMoselledepartment inGrand Est in northeasternFrance.
The localities ofBoler (German: Boler) andÉvange (German: Ewingen) are incorporated in the commune.
Breistroff-la-Grande is located betweenThionville andLuxembourg (Frisange andMondorf-les-Bains), betweenRodemack,Boust,Dodenom/Roussy-le-Bourg, behind theCattenom Nuclear Power Plant.
To the right, the arms of Rodemack, to the left, the bear of the Saint Maximin Abbey, both of which were lords of the place.[3]
Breistroff-la-Grande offers a panorama composed of forests, fields, and meadows that are ideal for exploration and walks. The municipality is located a few kilometers from the Franco-Luxembourg border, in the canton ofCattenom.
Hydrography
The municipality is located within the Rhine watershed, part of the Rhine-Meuse basin. It is drained by the Boler stream, the Breistroff stream, the Weihergraben stream, and the Klingenbach stream.[4]
The Boler, with a total length of 22.5 km, originates in the municipality ofZoufftgen and flows into theMoselle atGavisse, after passing through eight municipalities.[5]
The water quality of the main watercourses in the municipality, especially the Boler stream, can be checked on a dedicated website managed by water agencies and the French Agency for Biodiversity.[6]
Typology
Breistroff-la-Grande is a rural municipality, as it is part of sparsely populated or very sparsely populated municipalities, according to theINSEE municipal density grid[7][8][9]
Furthermore, the municipality is part of the attraction area of Luxembourg (French part), of which it is a crown municipality.[10] This area, which includes 115 municipalities, is categorized in areas with 700,000 inhabitants or more (excludingParis)[11][12]
Land Use
The land use in the municipality, as indicated by the European land cover database (Corine Land Cover - CLC), is characterized by the importance of agricultural territories (84.5% in 2018), a proportion nearly equivalent to that of 1990 (85.7%). The detailed breakdown in 2018 is as follows: arable land (45%), meadows (32.7%), forests (11.8%), heterogeneous agricultural areas (6.8%), urbanized areas (3.6%). The evolution of land use in the municipality and its infrastructure can be observed on various cartographic representations of the territory: the Cassini map (18th century), the state-major map (1820-1866), and theIGN aerial maps or photos for the current period (1950 to today).[13]
Bistorff (1450), Bresdorff (17th century), Breystroff (1606), Breistorff (1616), Breisdorff (1681), Brestroff (1735), Brensdorff and Brenstorff (1740), Breistroff la Grande (1793), Braistroff (Cassini map).
InLorraine Franconian: Grouss-Breeschtrëf and Grouss-Breeschdrëf. In German: Breisdorf (1871-1918).
Evange: Effingen (1450), Elfingen (1572), Ewinges and Euwingen (1681), Eving (1756), Ewingen-sous-Breisdorf.[14] Ewingen in German.[15] Iewéngen and Iewéng in Lorraine Franconian.
Boler: Boler (1606), Boulers/Boullers (1681), Bollers (18th century). Bouler in Lorraine Franconian.
Linguistic[16][circular reference]
The Francic dialect ofRodemack differs very little from that spoken in Esing, Faulbach, Semming,Fixem, Évange, Boler, Basse-Parthe, Haute-Parthe, andBoust. These ten localities have nearly the same vowel system and the same number of diphthongs (Rodemack's dialect has 10), forming a small linguistic area where only a few words differ within this area.[17]
Furthermore, the diphthong [ëu] present in Évange corresponds to the long vowel [ö] present in Breistroff-la-Grande. In other words, the diphthong [ëu] exists in the dialect of Évange but does not exist in the dialect of Breistroff-la-Grande.[18]
1. Prehistoric Stone Tools: Discoveries of prehistoric stone tools dating from the Middle Paleolithic to the Neolithic periods.
2. Protohistoric Silo: Unearthing of a protohistoric silo, fragments of ceramics, and a grain millstone from the Iron Age.
3. Roman Road: Identification of a Roman road connectingMetz to the imperial city ofTrier.
4. Gallo-Roman Sites: Several sites with evidence of Gallo-Roman habitation, including ceramics and Gallo-Roman tiles.
5. Gallo-Roman Villa Remains: Remnants of a Gallo-Roman villa cellar, along with a nearby well that was filled in during the early Middle Ages (carinated vase).
6. Historical Dependence: The village was part of the former county and laterduchy of Luxembourg, and it had dependencies on the seigniories ofCattenom andRodemack.[19]
Through the western part of the territory runs in a straight line a 3,460-meter-long Roman road to the Luxembourg border.[20]
The village once belonged to the Diocese ofMetz.[21]
In 1769, it was annexed by France. In 1810, the two villages of Boler and Évange (Ewingen) were incorporated.
By theTreaty of Frankfurt of 10 May 1871 the village was returned toGermany, where it was assigned to the district ofLorraine in the ReichslandAlsace-Lorraine. AfterWorld War I, the region had to be ceded to France in 1919 under the provisions of theTreaty of Versailles. DuringWorld War II, the region was occupied by theGerman Wehrmacht.
List of successive mayors for the specified period:
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 277 | — |
| 1975 | 281 | +0.21% |
| 1982 | 320 | +1.87% |
| 1990 | 338 | +0.69% |
| 1999 | 416 | +2.33% |
| 2007 | 551 | +3.58% |
| 2012 | 608 | +1.99% |
| 2017 | 698 | +2.80% |
| 2023 | 876 | +3.86% |
| Source: INSEE[22] | ||
Civil Buildings
1. Moulin de Boler: Reconstructed in 1787, with the date inscribed on the lintel of the pedestrian door. It is already mentioned on a map from the first half of the 18th century.
2. Moulin de Mausmühl (Mausmühl Mill).
Religious Buildings
1. Église Sainte-Catherine (Saint Catherine's Church): Built in 1514 on a rocky promontory, on the foundations of an old chapel. The original chapel was constructed by the Templars between 1100 and 1300[citation needed].
2. Chapelle Sainte-Barbe (Saint Barbara's Chapel) in Boler: Founded in the 15th century, it has housed sculptures by the sculptor Nicolas Greff since 1707.
3. Calvaire (Calvary) in the hamlet of Évange: Dating back to 1540, it features fleur-de-lis motifs at its ends, a feature missing in most similar calvaries.
4. Cross on the path to Boler: Connected to the legend of crows pecking out the eyes of a wolf.
5. Monument aux morts (War Memorial).
Communes of the Moselle department
Media related toBreistroff-la-Grande at Wikimedia Commons| International | |
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