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 Brazil |  Hungary |
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Brazil–Hungary relations are thediplomatic relations betweenBrazil andHungary. The importance of relations centres on the history ofHungarian immigration to Brazil. Approximately 100,000 Brazilians have Hungarian ancestry, making it the largest Hungarian community inLatin America.[1] Both nations are members of theUnited Nations.
The first wave of Hungarian immigration to Brazil took place in the second half of the nineteenth century, due to the promise from Brazil to provide pieces of land for immigrants (as a way to encourage European immigration to the country) with many settling in the Brazilian state ofSanta Catarina.[1] In 1871, during a tour ofEurope, EmperorPedro II of Brazil visited Hungary (at the time part of theAustro-Hungarian Empire).[2] In 1873, Brazil opened an honorary consulate inBudapest.
In 1917, duringWorld War I,Brazil declared war on theCentral Powers (which included Hungary). The second big wave of Hungarian immigrants arrived to Brazil just after World War I, mainly from the territories Hungary lost as a consequence of theTreaty of Trianon.[1] In 1923, Brazil recognized the independence of Hungary and in 1927, both nations established diplomatic relations.[2] That same year, Hungary opened a diplomatic legation inRio de Janeiro and Brazil opened one too in Budapest in 1929.[2]
In 1942,Brazil declared war on theAxis powers (for which Hungary belonged to). As a result, diplomatic relations between Brazil and Hungary were severed.[2] During the war (and soon afterwards), many Hungarians immigrated to Brazil, particularly Hungarians ofJewish origin.[1] Relations between both nations were re-established in 1961 and in 1962, Brazil re-opened its diplomatic legation in Budapest. In 1974, both nations elevated their legations to embassies.[2]
In 1994, Brazilian President-Elect,Fernando Henrique Cardoso, paid a visit to Hungary. In 1997, Hungarian PresidentÁrpád Göncz paid a visit to Brazil, becoming the first Hungarian head-of-state to visit the South American nation.[2] In 2011, the Hungarian Government launched a strategic planning document that included Brazil among its foreign policy priorities. In 2013, Brazilian Vice-PresidentMichel Temer paid a visit to Hungary. In 2017, both nations celebrated 90 years of diplomatic relations.
In January 2019, Hungarian Prime Minister,Viktor Orbán, paid a visit to Brazil to attend the inauguration of PresidentJair Bolsonaro.[2] In February 2022, Bolsonaro paid a visit to Hungary, making him the second Brazilian President in office to visit the country.[3]
During the International Ministerial Conference on Freedom of Religion or Belief, in July 2022 inLondon,Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs and TradePéter Szijjártó requested a meeting with BrazilianMinistry of Women, Family and Human RightsCristiane Britto, to learn more about the Brazilian electoral environment. Britto commented about polarization and highlighted the similarities in the views of both countries regarding family issues. Szijjártó asked if there was anything that Hungary could do to help in Bolsonaro's reelection, and highlighted that Brazil had the largest Hungarian community inLatin America and that it mostly supported the incumbent president.[4][5]
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High-level visits from Brazil to Hungary
High-level visits from Hungary to Brazil
Both nations have signed several bilateral agreements such as an Agreement to avoid double taxation (1986); Agreement on Scientific, Technical and Technological Cooperation (1992); Agreement on Economic Cooperation (2006); Memorandum of Understanding between Hungary's Eximbank and theBrazilian Development Bank (2012); and an Agreement of Cooperation between theHungarian Ministry of Rural Development and theBrazilian Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture (2013).[2][1]
In 2018, trade between both nations totaled US$480 million.[2] Brazil's main exports to Hungary include: parts and turbine motores for airplanes; automobile parts; machinery; leather; and coffee. Hungary's main exports to Brazil include: machinery, vehicles and processed products. Brazil is Hungary's second largest trading partner in Latin America (afterMexico).[1][6]
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