Borzya Борзя | |
|---|---|
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Buryat | Бооржо |
| • Mongolian | Боорж |
 | |
.png) Flag .png) Coat of arms | |
Location of Borzya  | |
  Borzya Location of Borzya Show map of Russia Borzya Borzya (Zabaykalsky Krai) Show map of Zabaykalsky Krai | |
| Coordinates:50°23′N116°31′E / 50.383°N 116.517°E /50.383; 116.517 | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Zabaykalsky Krai[1] |
| Administrative district | Borzinsky District[1] |
| Founded | 18th century |
| Town status since | 1950 |
| Elevation | 690 m (2,260 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 31,379 |
• Estimate (2018)[3] | 28,888 (−7.9%) |
| • Capital of | Borzinsky District[1] |
| • Municipal district | Borzinsky Municipal District[4] |
| • Urban settlement | Borzinskoye Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Borzinsky Municipal District,[5] Borzinskoye Urban Settlement[6] |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (MSK+6  [7]) |
| Postal code(s)[8] | 674600–674603, 674609 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 30233 |
| OKTMO ID | 76609101001 |
Borzya (Russian:Борзя,IPA:[ˈborzʲə];Buryat:Бооржо,Boorjo;Mongolian:Боорж,Boorj) is atown and theadministrative center ofBorzinsky District inZabaykalsky Krai,Russia, located 349 kilometers (217 mi) southeast ofChita, the administrative center of thekrai. Population:31,379 (2010 Census);[2]31,460 (2002 Census);[9]36,373 (1989 Soviet census).[10]
The town is located on the riverBorzya—a right-handtributary of theOnon—about 40 kilometers (25 mi) from theborder with Mongolia in the south and 70 kilometers (43 mi) from theborder with China in the southeast.
Borzya has ahumid continental climate (Köppen climate classificationDwb) with severely cold, dry winters and warm, wet summers.Precipitation is quite low but is significantly higher from June to September than at other times of the year. Borzya is the sunniest city in Russia, the average annual number of hours of sunshine is 2797 hours, or about 63% of the time the sun is above the horizon,
| Climate data for Borzya | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 0 (32) | 7.1 (44.8) | 20.8 (69.4) | 30.1 (86.2) | 37.2 (99.0) | 41.4 (106.5) | 40.3 (104.5) | 37.6 (99.7) | 34.4 (93.9) | 25.8 (78.4) | 12.4 (54.3) | 4.4 (39.9) | 41.4 (106.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −17.8 (0.0) | −11.6 (11.1) | −1.6 (29.1) | 9.9 (49.8) | 18.5 (65.3) | 24.8 (76.6) | 26.5 (79.7) | 24.1 (75.4) | 17.6 (63.7) | 7.6 (45.7) | −5.7 (21.7) | −15.8 (3.6) | 6.4 (43.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −26.1 (−15.0) | −20.7 (−5.3) | −9.9 (14.2) | 2.1 (35.8) | 10.6 (51.1) | 17.4 (63.3) | 19.8 (67.6) | 17.2 (63.0) | 9.8 (49.6) | −0.1 (31.8) | −13.1 (8.4) | −23.4 (−10.1) | −1.4 (29.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −32.8 (−27.0) | −28.8 (−19.8) | −18.3 (−0.9) | −5.8 (21.6) | 2.2 (36.0) | 9.4 (48.9) | 13.1 (55.6) | 10.5 (50.9) | 2.6 (36.7) | −6.8 (19.8) | −19.5 (−3.1) | −29.9 (−21.8) | −8.7 (16.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −50 (−58) | −49.0 (−56.2) | −43.6 (−46.5) | −30.8 (−23.4) | −12.3 (9.9) | −4.5 (23.9) | 1.2 (34.2) | −2.8 (27.0) | −13.8 (7.2) | −29.1 (−20.4) | −43.1 (−45.6) | −51.7 (−61.1) | −51.7 (−61.1) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 3 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 4 (0.2) | 8 (0.3) | 20 (0.8) | 56 (2.2) | 80 (3.1) | 65 (2.6) | 33 (1.3) | 10 (0.4) | 5 (0.2) | 5 (0.2) | 291 (11.5) |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 75.3 | 78.6 | 73.7 | 46 | 39.1 | 42.9 | 46.4 | 50.7 | 52.1 | 58.1 | 74.1 | 76.5 | 59.5 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 152 | 203 | 264 | 267 | 304 | 303 | 276 | 270 | 231 | 226 | 162 | 140 | 2,798 |
| Source 1: Temps & Precip: pogodaiklimat.ru[11] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Other data: climatebase.ru (1948-2011)[12] | |||||||||||||
Although there had been human settlement on the present site of the town since the 18th century, the modern town began with the construction of theTrans-Siberian Railway in 1899. The settlement around the Borzya railway station was officially opened in 1900, namedSuvorovsky in honor ofAlexander Suvorov.[13] This name, however, was not widely used by the residents, who continued to use the same name as the railway station and the river. The name Borzya was eventually made official when the settlement was granted town status in 1950.[13]
Within theframework of administrative divisions, Borzya serves as theadministrative center ofBorzinsky District, to which it is directly subordinated.[1] As amunicipal division, thetown of Borzya, together with one rural locality (the crossing loop ofZun-Torey), is incorporated within Borzinsky Municipal District asBorzinskoye Urban Settlement.[4]
Besides the railway workshops, employers in the town include food production enterprised, particularly meat production from the livestock industry in the surrounding area.
The Kharanorbrown coalopen-pit mine is located northwest of the town, providing fuel for power generation.
The town is on the original stretch of theTrans-Siberian Railway which crossedManchuria on its way toVladivostok and was known as theChinese Eastern Railway. This route was later bypassed by the current Trans-Siberian, which is entirely on the Russian territory, but the original line passing through Borzya is still used for passenger and freight traffic to and from China.
A branch line from Borzya reachesChoibalsan in Mongolia. The border stations areSolov'yovsk (Соловьёвск) in Russia andChuluunkhoroot (Ereentsav) in Mongolia. There are no passenger service across the border, but passenger trains operate betweenChoibalsan andChuluunkhoroot.[14]
The town was the headquarters of the36th Army of theRussian Ground Forces until 2009.[15]
The airbases of theBorzya-2 (air base) andArabatuk (air base) are nearby.
