Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture | |
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| Name transcription(s) | |
| • Chinese | 博尔塔拉蒙古自治州 |
| • Uyghur | بۆرتالا موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى |
| • Mongolian | ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ |
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 Bortala Mongol Prefecture (red) in Xinjiang (orange) | |
| Coordinates:44°54′22″N82°03′59″E / 44.9060°N 82.0664°E /44.9060; 82.0664 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Autonomous region | Xinjiang |
| Prefectural seat | Bole |
| Area | |
| 27,000 km2 (10,000 sq mi) | |
| Population (2019) | |
| 475,483[1] | |
| • Density | 18/km2 (46/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 211,235 |
| GDP[1] | |
| • Autonomous prefecture | CN¥ 35.4 billion US$ 5.1 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 74,275 US$ 10,749 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-XJ-27 |
| Website | www |
| Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture | |||||||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 博尔塔拉蒙古自治州 | ||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 博爾塔拉蒙古自治州 | ||||||||||
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| Mongolian name | |||||||||||
| Mongolian Cyrillic | Борталын монгол үндэстний өөртөө засах жуу | ||||||||||
| Mongolian script | ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ | ||||||||||
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| Uyghur name | |||||||||||
| Uyghur | بۆرتالا موڭغۇل ئاپتونوم ئوبلاستى | ||||||||||
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| Oirat name | |||||||||||
| Oirat | ᡋᡆᠷᡆᡐᠠᠯᠠ ᡏᡆᡊᡎᡆᠯ ᡄᡋᡄᠷᡄᡃᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠠᡍᡇ ᡓᡇᡇ Borotala mongγol ebereen zasaqu ǰuu | ||||||||||
Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture[a] is anautonomous prefecture in the northernXinjiang,China. Its capital isBole, also known as Bortala. It has a population of 475,483 inhabiting an area of 27,000 km2 (10,000 sq mi). Despite being designated an autonomous area forMongols in China, only a little over five and a half per cent of Bortala's population isMongol.
"Bortala" comes from theMongolian wordsboro tala, which mean "brown steppe".
Bortala is located in the southwestern part of theDzungarian Basin. It occupies a V-shaped basin between theDzungarian Alatau in the northwest and theBorohoro Mountains in the southwest.
The prefecture bordersKazakhstan to the north and west, and has aninternational border of 385 km (239 mi). To the east it bordersWusu City andToli County ofTacheng Prefecture; to the south it bordersNilka County,Yining County, andHuocheng County ofIli Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture.
The prefecture has two large lakes,Ebi-Nur andSayram Lake.
Bortala is divided into twocounty-level cities,Bole andAlashankou; and two counties:Jinghe County andWenquan County. In addition, it is home to the Fifth Agricultural Division of theXinjiang Production and Construction Corps and its 11 regiment-level farms / ranches.
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| Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Mongolian | Population(2010 Census) | Area (km2) | Density (/km2) |
| Bole[2] | 博乐市 | Bólè Shì | بۆرتالا شەھىرى | Börtala Shehiri | ᠪᠣᠷᠢᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ | 235,585 | 7,802 | 30.19 |
| Alashankou | 阿拉山口市 | Ālāshānkǒu Shì | ﺋﺎﻻﺗﺎﯞ ﺋﯧﻐﯩﺰﻯ | Alataw Shehiri | ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ | 10,000(?) | 43 | 232.55 |
| Jinghe County[2] | 精河县 | Jīnghé Xiàn | جىڭ ناھىيىسى | Jing Nahiyisi | ᠵᠢᠩ ᠾᠧ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ | 141,593 | 11,189 | 12.65 |
| Wenquan County[2] | 温泉县 | Wēnquán Xiàn | ئارىشاڭ ناھىيىسى | Arishang Nahiyisi | ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ | 66,502 | 5,862 | 11.34 |
TheTang dynasty created theShuanghe Protectorate [zh] in this area. During theYuan andMing dynasties, the area was the territory of theOirats.Chahar Mongols were moved here during theQing dynasty fromKalgan, whileTorghuudOirats moved eastwards from theVolga.
ThePeople's Republic of China established the autonomous prefecture on July 13, 1954.
There are 35nationalities in Bortala. According to the 2010 census, 65% of the 443,680 inhabitants areHan Chinese, while the remainder areMongol,Uyghur,Kazakh,Hui or of other nationalities.[3]
| Ethnicity | Population 2000 | % | Population 2010 | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Han | 284,915 | 67.18% | 288,220 | 64.96% |
| Uyghur | 53,145 | 12.53% | 59,106 | 13.32% |
| Kazakhs | 38,744 | 9.13% | 44,417 | 10.01% |
| Mongol | 23,927 | 5.64% | 25,125 | 5.66% |
| Hui | 19,053 | 4.49% | 23,180 | 5.22% |
| Dongxiang | 1,587 | 0.37% | 1,455 | 0.33% |
| Zhuang | 345 | 0.08% | ||
| Xibe | 273 | 0.06% | ||
| Tibetan | 271 | 0.06% | ||
| Tujia | 267 | 0.06% | ||
| Manchu | 193 | 0.04% | ||
| Russian | 114 | 0.03% | ||
| Uzbek | 90 | 0.02% | ||
| Kyrgyz | 74 | 0.02% | ||
| Others | 2,669 | 550 | 0.12% | |
| Total | 424,100 | 100% | 443,680 | 100% |
In 2004 the prefecture had a totalgross domestic product of 3.69 billionRenminbi (including the XPCC 5th division), an increase of 11.9% over the previous year. Annual total imports and exports totalledUS$ 554 million, an increase of 96.8% over the previous year. Average annual salary was 11000Renminbi, an increase of 7.6%; average annual pure income per capita for agricultural workers was 3904Renminbi, an increase of 10.8%.
Alashankou is aport of entry with bothrailroads androads linking China withKazakhstan; it is also one of China's national first-class port of entry (国家一类口岸). The volume of imports / exports passing through Alashankou accounts for 90% of the total for all of Xinjiang, and has been second to onlyManzhouli,Inner Mongolia among land ports-of-entry in China for 8 days.
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