 | |
 Screenshot of Delphi 10.4, with the visual form editor being used to create an application | |
| Original author(s) | Borland,CodeGear,Embarcadero |
|---|---|
| Developer(s) | Embarcadero Technologies |
| Initial release | 1995 |
| Stable release | |
| Written in | Mostly Delphi (Object Pascal) |
| Operating system | Runs onWindows;[2] targetsWindows,Linux,macOS,Android,iOS |
| Type | Software Development,Designer,IDE,Compiler,RTL |
| License | Freemium |
| Website | www |
Delphi is ageneral-purpose programming language and a software product that uses the Delphi dialect of theObject Pascalprogramming language and provides anintegrated development environment (IDE) forrapid application development of desktop,mobile,web, andconsole software,[3] currently developed and maintained byEmbarcadero Technologies.
Delphi's compilers generatenative code forMicrosoft Windows,macOS,iOS,Android andLinux (x64).[4][5][6]
Delphi includes a code editor, a visual designer, an integrated debugger, asource code control component, and support for third-partyplugins. The code editor featuresCode Insight (code completion), Error Insight (real-time error-checking), andrefactoring. The visual forms designer has the option of using either theVisual Component Library (VCL) for pure Windows development or theFireMonkey (FMX) framework for cross-platform development. Database support is a key feature and is provided byFireDAC (Database Access Components). Delphi is known for its fast compilation speed, native code, and developer productivity.[citation needed]
Delphi was originally developed byBorland as arapid application development tool for Windows as the successor ofTurbo Pascal. Delphi added fullobject-oriented programming to the existing language, and the language has grown to support generics,anonymous methods,closures, and nativeComponent Object Model (COM) support.
Delphi and itsC++ counterpart,C++Builder, are interoperable and jointly sold under the name RAD Studio. There are Professional, Enterprise, and Architect editions, with the higher editions having more features at a higher price. There is also a free-of-charge Community edition, with most of the features of Professional, but restricted to users and companies with low revenue.[7]
Delphi supportsrapid application development (RAD). Prominent features are a visual designer and twoapplication frameworks,Visual Component Library (VCL) for Windows andFireMonkey (FMX) for cross-platform development.
Delphi uses thePascal-based programming languageObject Pascal created byAnders Hejlsberg for Borland (now IDERA) as the successor to Turbo Pascal. It supports nativecross-compilation to many platforms including Windows, Linux, iOS, and Android.
To better support development for Microsoft Windows and interoperate with code developed with other software development tools, Delphi supports independent interfaces ofComponent Object Model (COM) withreference counting class implementations, and support for many third-party components.Interface implementations can be delegated to fields or properties of classes. Message handlers are implemented by tagging amethod of aclass with the integer constant of the message to handle.[citation needed]
Database connectivity is extensively supported through VCL database-aware and database access components.
Later versions have included upgraded and enhanced runtime library routines, some provided by the community groupFastCode.
Delphi uses astrongly typedhigh-level programming language, intended to be easy to use and originally based on the earlier Object Pascal language.Pascal was originally developed as a general-purpose language "suitable for expressing the fundamental constructs known at the time in a concise and logical way", and "its implementation was to be efficient and competitive with existing FORTRAN compilers"[8] but without low-level programming facilities or access to hardware. Turbo Pascal and its descendants, including Delphi, support access to hardware and low-level programming, with the facility to incorporate code written inassembly language and other languages. Delphi'sobject-orientation features only class- and interface-basedpolymorphism.[9] Metaclasses are first class objects. Objects are references to the objects (as inJava), which Delphi implicitly de-references, so there is usually no need to manually allocate memory for pointers to objects or use similar techniques that some other languages need. There are dedicated reference-counted string types, and also null-terminated strings.
Strings can be concatenated by using the '+' operator, rather than using functions. For dedicated string types, Delphi handles memory management without programmer intervention. Since Borland Developer Studio 2006, there are functions to locatememory leaks.
Delphi includes an integrated IDE. The Delphi products all ship with a run-time library (RTL) and aVisual Component Library (VCL), including most of its source code. Third-party components (sometimes with fullsource code) and tools to enhance the IDE or for other Delphi related development tasks are available, some free of charge. The IDE includes a GUI for localization and translation of created programs that may be deployed to a translator; there are also third-party tools with more features for this purpose. The VCL framework maintains a high level of source compatibility between versions, which simplifies updating existing source code to a newer Delphi version. Third-party libraries typically need updates from the vendor but, if source code is supplied, recompilation with the newer version may be sufficient. The VCL was an early adopter ofdependency injection orinversion of control; it uses a reusable component model, extensible by the developer. With class helpers, new functionality can be introduced to core RTL and VCL classes without changing the original source code of the RTL or VCL.
The compiler isoptimizing and is asingle-pass compiler. It can optionally compile to a singleexecutable which does not requireDLLs. Delphi can also generate standard DLLs,ActiveX DLLs,COM automation servers andWindows services.
The Delphi IDEs since Delphi 2005 increasingly supportrefactoring features such as method extraction and the possibility to createUML models from the source code or to modify the source through changes made in the model.
Delphi has communities on theweb, where also its employees actively participate. And Delphi is using in collaboration with FireDAC components.
Delphi is one of the languages where backward compatibility is close to 100%. Although each new release of Delphi attempts to keep as muchbackward compatibility as possible to allow existing code reuse, new features, new libraries, and improvements sometimes make newer releases less than 100% backward compatible.
Since 2016, there have been new releases of Delphi every six months, with new platforms being added approximately every second release.[10]
Delphi offers two frameworks for visual application development, VCL and FireMonkey (FMX):
Delphi and itsC++ counterpart,C++Builder, are interoperable. They share many core components, notably the IDE, the VCL and FMX frameworks, and much of theruntime library. In addition, they can be used jointly in a project. For example, C++Builder 6 and later can combine source code from Delphi and C++ in one project, while packages compiled with C++Builder can be used from within Delphi. In 2007, the products were released jointly as RAD Studio, a shared host for Delphi and C++Builder, which can be purchased with either or both.Starting with Rio, there is also interoperability with Python.
programObjectPascalExample;typeTHelloWorld=classprocedurePut;end;procedureTHelloWorld.Put;beginWriteln('Hello, World!');end;varHelloWorld:THelloWorld;{ this is an implicit pointer }beginHelloWorld:=THelloWorld.Create;{ constructor returns a pointer to an object of type THelloWorld }HelloWorld.Put;HelloWorld.Free;{ this line deallocates the THelloWorld object pointed to by HelloWorld }end.
Note that the object construct is still available in Delphi.
Delphi is the medium used to teach programming inSouth African schools as a subject of information technology (IT).[11]
Embarcadero used to publish "roadmaps" describing their future development plans. The last one was published in November 2020.[12] Version 10.5 referred to in the November 2020 roadmap was renamed 11.0.Starting with Delphi 11, Embarcadero decided to no longer publish formal roadmaps. Instead, possible new features are now presented in a loose order through blog entries and online webinars. An important role has Marco Cantú (product manager) with hisblog.
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