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Boris Mikhailovich Artzybasheff | |
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Борис Михайлович Арцыбашев | |
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| Born | 25 May 1899 |
| Died | 16 July 1965 (aged 66) |
| Occupation | Illustrator |
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Boris Mikhailovich Artzybasheff (Russian:Бори́с Миха́йлович Арцыба́шев, 25 May 1899;Kharkov,Kharkov Governorate,Russian Empire – 16 July 1965) was a Russian and American illustrator notable for his strongly worked and often surreal designs.[citation needed]
Artzybasheff was born inKharkov, son of the authorMikhail Artsybashev. He is said to have fought as aWhite Russian. During 1919 he arrived inNew York City, where he worked in an engraving shop.
His earliest work appeared in 1922 as illustrations forVerotchka's Tales andThe Undertaker's Garland. A number of other book illustrations followed during the 1920s.Dhan Gopal Mukerji'sGay Neck, the Story of a Pigeon, with his illustrations, was awarded theNewbery Medal in 1928. His bookSeven Simeons was aCaldecott Honor Book in 1938. Over the course of his career, he illustrated some 50 books, several of which he wrote, most notablyAs I See.
During his lifetime, however, Artzybasheff was probably known best for his magazine art. He illustrated the major American magazinesLife,Fortune, andTime.[1]) He painted 219Time covers from 1942 to 1966, including portraits ofDmitri Shostakovich (20 July 1942),[2]Louis Armstrong (21 February 1949) andDave Brubeck (8 November 1954). Other illustrators ofTime covers during this period, which has been called the golden age ofTime covers, includedRobert Vickrey,James Ormsbee Chapin,Bernard Safran andBoris Chaliapin.[3]
DuringWorld War II, he also served an expert advisor to theU.S. Department of State,Psychological Warfare Branch.
After 1940, he devoted himself tocommercial art, includingadvertisements forXerox,Shell Oil,Pan Am, Casco Power Tools,Alcoa Steamship lines,Parke-Davis,Avco Manufacturing,Scotch Tape, Wickwire Spencer Steel Company,Vultee Aircraft,World Airways, andParker Pens.
His graphic style is striking. In commercial work he explored grotesque experiments inanthropomorphism, where toiling machines displayed distinctly human attributes. Conversely, hisportrait ofBuckminster Fuller's head in the form of hisgeodesic dome was featured on the cover of the 10 January 1964 issue ofTIME magazine and a 37-centAmerican commemorative stamp issued on 12 July 2004.[4] In his personal work, he explored the depiction of vivid and extreme ranges of human psychology and emotion.
His papers are collected atSyracuse University.
As the illustrator ofSeven Simeons, which he also wrote, Artzybasheff was one of two runners-up for theCaldecott Medal in 1938, when the American Library Association inaugurated its award for children's picture books. Mukerji won the 1928Newbery Medal forGay Neck; Young and Hall were among the runners-up for that annual ALA award, which recognizes the "most distinguished contribution to children's literature". Finney won one of the inaugural,1935 National Book Awards forThe Circus of Dr. Lao.
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