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Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478)

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Military conflict
Bohemian–Hungarian War (1468–1478)
Part of theCrusades
Date1468–1478
Location
ResultTreaty of Brno
Belligerents

Crusade

Bohemian Crown

Commanders and leaders
Units involved
Black Army 

TheBohemian War (1468–1478) began when theKingdom of Bohemia was invaded by the king of Hungary,Matthias Corvinus. Matthias invaded with the pretext of returning Bohemia toCatholicism; at the time, it was ruled by the Hussite king,George of Poděbrady. Matthias' invasion was largely successful, leading to his acquisition of the southern and eastern parts of the country. Its core lands however, centered onPrague, were never taken. Ultimately both Matthias and George would proclaim themselves king, though neither ever acquired all the necessary subordinate titles. When George died in 1471, his successorVladislaus II continued the fight against Matthias. In 1478, the war ended following the treaties ofBrno and theOlomouc. Upon Matthias' death in 1490, Vladislaus would succeed him as king of both Hungary and Bohemia.

Bohemian-Hungarian wars on a map in the context of the HungarianBlack Army campaigns

Background

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At the beginning of his reign, Matthias continued the policy of his fatherJohn Hunyadi in defending Hungary, the "bulwark of Christendom," against the Turks. However, as Matthias led campaigns each year, he came to the realization that by the late 15th century it was no longer possible to oust theOttoman Turks from Europe. Rankling under the heavy costs of bordering the Sultan, and resenting his Christian neighbors, likeFrederick III, who often meddled in Hungary when Matthias was on campaign, Matthias made the radical decision to come to an entente with the Turks, enabling the Hungarian king to turn westward.

War

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In 1468, Matthias began a war in Bohemia on the pretext of restoring that land to the Papacy.George of Poděbrady, the Bohemian king who had once protected Matthias, had made himself too tempting a target when he made enemies out of two Popes and became alienated from most of his Catholic neighbors. Matthias seized Moravia and Silesia from George and proclaimed himself the Czech king; yet Matthias was never able to seize Prague from the Hussites. The war would continue with George's successorVladislaus II, until the latter signed theTreaty of Brno with Matthias in 1478, recognizing the Hungarian king's conquests. ThePeace of Olomouc would confirm the Treaty of Brno.

With Matthias' death in 1490, Vladislaus would succeed Matthias as king of both Hungary and Bohemia.

See also

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References

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  • Tanner, Marcus.The Raven King: Matthias Corvinus, and the Fate of his Library. Yale University Press, 2008.
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