Bobota | |
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  Bobota  Bobota  Bobota | |
| Coordinates:45°23′45″N18°51′19″E / 45.395934°N 18.855382°E /45.395934; 18.855382 | |
| Country |  Croatia |
| Region | Slavonia (Podunavlje) |
| County |  Vukovar-Syrmia |
| Municipality | Trpinja |
| Government | |
| • Body | Local Committee |
| Area | |
• Total | 34.6 km2 (13.4 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[4] | |
• Total | 1,202 |
| • Density | 34.7/km2 (90.0/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Boboćanin (♂) Boboćanka (♀) (pergrammatical gender) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 32 225 Bobota |
| Vehicle registration | VU |
| Official languages | Croatian,Serbian[2] |
Bobota (Serbian Cyrillic:Бобота)[5] is avillage in the Municipality ofTrpinja inVukovar-Syrmia County in easternCroatia. RegionalBobota Canal, the first major water management project in modern-day Croatia in the post-Roman Empire period, was named after the village.
According to2011 Census Bobota, had a population of 1,491 inhabitants.[6] Bobota is centrally located within the municipality and is its largest settlement with its total population just marginally ahead of Trpinja. The village is located south of theD2 road and part of theOsijek Airport plot, including a part of therunway, is within itscadastral boundaries. The village is also located centrally in the triangle of the nearby cities ofOsijek,Vukovar andVinkovci.
Villages ofTrpinja, Bobota andVera share the common folk story on the origin of their names. According to the story, the ancestors of today's inhabitants of villages, who settled at the time of theGreat Serb Migrations underArsenije III Čarnojević, were called Bobe. They fled from theOttoman Empire conquests ofBalkan in their effort to preserve theirreligious freedom.
This legendary religious commitment toEastern Orthodoxy was coined in the local phrase ofBobe endured for the faith or originally in SerbianBobe trpiše za veru. The family name of 'Bobe' was used as the basis for the name of Bobota, the word 'endured' (Serbo-Croatian:trpiti) for the name of Trpinja and from the word for faith (Serbian:vera) the name of Vera was created.[7]
Bobota, just slightly ahead ofTrpinja, is the largest settlement in the municipality. Bobota is surrounded byPačetin to the south,Ćelije to the west,Vera to the north and Trpinja,Lipovača andBršadin to the east. Fertile intensive agricultural land and lowland forests are the main characteristics of thelandscape. TheBobota Canal passes just north of the village separating a small part of it from the rest of the village.
The earliest recorded human settlement in the area of Bobota dates back toclassical antiquity with the northeast archeologically site of Staro Ljeskovo containingIV century Roman bricks marked with "I H" inscription.[8] Those bricks indicate the presence of theLegio VI Herculia's station in the area at that time.[8] Other types of artefacts were discovered at the same location including Roman glazed ceramics, terra sigillata, glass and oil lamps with reliefs and a stone altar with the inscription of the tribune "Titus Flavius Marcianus" and with recognized potential for further archaeological excavations.[8]
According to primary written sources medieval village of Bobota existed under the name "Bobuta" as early as 1269 with medieval settlement being located slightly to the northwest on the left bank of the Vuka river, in a place called Stara Bobota. In 1366 "Babacha" was mentioned in a report to KingLouis I of Hungary.[9] During theOttoman–Hungarian wars the village was conquered in 1526 after the fall of Vukovar but it remained inhabited in 1558.[10] The village was liberated from the Ottoman rule in 1687 remaining uninhabited for the following ten years. The first 14 Serb families subsequently settled in the abandoned village building their homes close to the old village. In following years Serb settlement continued with families arriving fromBačka,Mačva,Montenegro andBaranya so that in 1736 there was already 82 households. The oldest book about Bobota was published in 1750.[11]Jewish family Wellisch (Velić) moved from Vukovar to Bobota in 1850s where they initiated their trade business with Leopold Wellisch (Lavoslav Velić) being born in the village in 1861 and died inVienna in 1914.[12]
From 27 December 1920 (when they arrived in Vukovar) soldiers and families of theWhite Russian émigrés who were followers ofPyotr Wrangel settled in Bobota,Pačetin, Trpinja and Vera.[13]
Bobota was the first village in Vukovar region whereYugoslav Partisans resistance was organized during theWorld War II in Yugoslavia.[14] In the Vukovar area,Ustaša authorities did not immediately launch large-scale killings against Serb communities in the first mass killing phase from April to May 1941 which targeted area that lacked significant economic value.[15] Wealthier regions such as Vukovar saw a more restrained approach, as peace and order were crucial for the continuity of industry and agriculture.[16] Mass shootings in town began in late July 1941 after the first act of resistance in Bobota.[16] The following day, the Ustaša forces encircled the village, interrogated and terrorized the inhabitants, and arrested 45 people.[17] Thirty of them were sent to theJadovno concentration camp, while 15 were sentenced to death by a hastily convened traveling summary court and execution being carried at the Dudik site.[17] Over 500 people will be executed at the site during the war with the place being turned into theDudik Memorial Park subsequently.[17] On 26 August 1941 localUstaše representative was attacked under the leadership ofĐoko Patković.[14] Represion led to further resistance and imprisonment of 500 residents of Bobota,Trpinja andVera in September of 1941.[17] 96 residents of Bobota lost they lives during the World War II resulting in post-war reputation of the village as a regional stronghold of the resistance movement.[14] In the first years following the World War II in Yugoslavia and before 1948Tito–Stalin split the new Yugoslavia implemented a number of policies copied from theSoviet Union including some aspects ofcollectivization in the Soviet Union. Rural resistance to this policy led to an incident in Bobota in 1945 when an anonymous humorousgraffiti appeared in the village subsequently described by new authorities as an "enemy act bykulak elements".[18] The inscription, whichrhyme in original language, stated "Kralju Petre, dođi nam do žetve, jer nam Tito odnese sve žito" or in English "KingPeter, come before our harvest, becauseTito took away all of our grain".[18] During the existence of theSFR Yugoslavia Bobota, nevertheless, gained reputation of comparatively prosperous village.[14]
On 22 July 1990 an All Serb Political Rally for Eastern Slavonia and Syrmia, event at whichJovan Rašković spoke, was held in Bobota leading to the establishment of theSerb Democratic Party (SDS) in the region where it was not active at the time of1990 Croatian parliamentary election.[19] After the local branch of the Communist Party collectively joined the SDS, in October of 1990 300th anniversary of theGreat Migrations of the Serbs was marked in the village withMatija Bećković attending the event.[20]
In late November 2021 Croatian media reported that investigators discovered human remains of at least ten victims from theCroatian War of Independence at the site of an illegal landfill located next to the forest close to the main road toPačetin.[21]
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Serbs of Croatia constitute absolute majority of the local population.
Serbian Language andSerbian Cyrillic alphabet is the secondofficial language in most of the villages of the Municipality of Trpinja (except Ćelije) alongside theCroatian language which is official at the national level.[1] Both Serbian and Croatian language are standardized varieties of thepluricentricSerbo-Croatian language. According to the Municipal Statute, individuals who are members of the Serbiannational minority are ensured thefreedom of expression of national belonging and freedom to use their language and script in public and private use on the whole territory of the Municipality including the village of Bobota.[1] The statute guarantees that theSerbian Cyrillic alphabet will be used in the same font size as the Latin alphabet in the text of the local seals and stamps, on official plates of public representatives, executive and administrative bodies, as well as on those of legal persons with public authorities.[1]
According to the municipal Statute, bilingual signs of the same font are used for written traffic signs and other written traffic markings, street and squares names and names of settlement and geographical localities on the entire territory of the Municipality.[1] Equal public use of Serbian language is required on the basis of theConstitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia and relevant national laws and the country is a party to theEuropean Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.[2]
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Agriculture is important source of economic revenue.
Local Liliput Kindergarten was formally registered on 29 March 1999.[23] Its central facilities are located in Bobota, with additional two branches inBršadin andTrpinja.[23] Kindergarten is named afterfictional island nation ofLilliput from theGulliver's Travels book written by theAnglo-Irish writer and clergymanJonathan Swift. Since the institution operate in villages whereSerbs of Croatia constitute majority, it offers its program inSerbian with additional mandatory learning ofCroatian.[23]
Local public Primary School in Bobota provides education up toeighth grade. Institution offer classes inSerbian andCyrillic. School also operate four branch schools inPačetin,Vera,Klisa, andLudvinci.[24] Those branch schools offer classes for pupils up to thefourth grade while higher grades student attend classes in Bobota. The school building in Bobota consists of two parts, one of which was built in 1928 and the other in 1975.[24] During the school year 2006/2007 new sports hall was built.[24] The school building has 8 classrooms, 7 specialized cabinets, two offices, library, staff room, toilets and central heating.[24] Furniture and educational equipment do not meet all standards due to deterioration and the lack of teaching resources.[24] School Library has in its possession approximately 5,000 items (books, CD-s, magazines).[25]
Volunteer Fire Department Bobota is one of association active in the village.[26]
The village has a local football team calledBorac.
_Bobota_08.jpg)
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)Trpinja Municipality | ||
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| Settlements |  | |
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| Neighboring towns and municipalities | ||
Villages of Vukovar-Syrmia County | ||
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| Villages serving as municipal seat (other villages in municipality) | ||
45°25′19″N18°51′22″E / 45.42194°N 18.85611°E /45.42194; 18.85611
