Black triangles areUFOs reported as having a triangular shape and dark color, typically observed at night, described as large, silent, hovering, moving slowly, and displaying pulsating, colored lights which they can turn off.
A declassified report from theUK Ministry of Defence, addressing Unidentified Aerial Phenomena(UAP) within the UK Air Defence Region and code namedProject Condign, includes analyses of black triangle sightings.[2][3] The report includes the statement that "the majority, if not all, of the hitherto unexplained reports may well be due to atmospheric gaseous electrically charged buoyant plasmas" that are "capable of being transported at enormous speeds under the influence and balance of electrical charges in the atmosphere."[4] The report also notes that "at least some" of the black triangle observations likely arise from meteor entry into the atmosphere.
Regarding the triangular shapes, the report also states: "Occasionally ... it seems that a field with, as yet, undetermined characteristics, can exist between certain charged buoyant objects in loose formation, such that, depending on the viewing aspect, the intervening space between them forms an area (viewed as a shape, often triangular) from which the reflection of light does not occur. This is a key finding in the attribution of what have frequently been reported as black 'craft,' often triangular and even up to hundreds of feet in length."[5] A recommendation in the report is that no attempt be made on the part of aircraft to intercept or outmaneuver these objects, and instead to place them astern to mitigate the risk of collision.[6] The report also speculates that the hypothesized plasma formations, through their "magnetic, electric or electromagnetic" fields, could have the potential to induce in observers vivid, but mainly incorrect, perceptions.[7]
The Project Condign report was not peer-reviewed, and some authors doubt its scientific validity.[8]
During the early 1980s, several hundred people claimed to have witnessed UFOs flying over, or near to, theHudson River in New York state. These sightings involved hovering or slowly flying V-shaped objects rimmed with colorful lights. Several pilots claimed responsibility for these UFOs, reporting that the objects, some tracked to a local airport and parking lot, wereultralight aircraft flown in formation.[9][10]
The Belgian UFO wave began in November 1989. The events of 29 November were documented by over thirty different groups of witnesses and three separate groups of police officers. All of the reports related to a large object flying at a low altitude. The craft was flat and triangular, with lights underneath. This giant craft did not make a sound as it slowly moved across the landscape of Belgium.
The Belgian UFO Wave of 1989–1992 – A Neglected Hypothesis discusses some sightings that helicopters can explain. Most witnesses reported that the objects were silent. This report argues that the lack of noise could be due to the engine noise in the witnesses' automobiles or the strong natural wind blowing away from the witnesses.[11]
Black triangle UFOs have been claimed to be visible to radar. During the 1989–1990Belgian UFO wave, twoBelgian Air ForceF-16s attempted to intercept an object detected by radar, but the pilots did not report seeing an object. This entire Belgian UFO wave, however, has been disputed by skeptics and was revealed to be a hoax.[11][12]
A widely reported appearance(s) of black triangles involved the "Phoenix Lights" events, during which multiple unidentified objects were observed nearPhoenix, Arizona and videotaped by both the local media and residents beginning on Thursday, March 13, 1997. Some observed objects/lights appeared to be grouped in a large "V" formation that lingered for several minutes. Some residents reported one of the black triangles to be over a mile wide and that it drifted slowly over their houses, blocking out the night sky's stars.
An official report from the US Air Force concluded that the military had been locally testing aircraft-launched flares during that period.
The "St. Clair Triangle", "UFO Over Illinois", "Southern Illinois UFO", or "Highland, Illinois UFO" sighting occurred on January 5, 2000 over the towns ofHighland,Dupo,Lebanon,Shiloh,Summerfield,Millstadt, andO'Fallon, Illinois, beginning shortly after 4:00 am.[13] The incident was featured in several television shows includingSeeing is Believing, aDiscovery Channel specialUFOs Over Illinois, and an episode of theSyfy seriesProof Positive.Sufjan Stevens included this incident in the song "Concerning the UFO Sighting Near Highland, Illinois" from his 2005 albumIllinois. TheFAA said sighting reports may have been due to an advertising blimp operated in the area by theAmerican Blimp Company.[14][15][13]
Three hovering red lights were seen by multiple witnesses inTinley Park andOak Forest, Illinois, on August 21, 2004, two months later on October 31, 2004, again on October 1, 2005, and once again on October 31, 2006. Some witnesses photographed the lights and captured them on video. According to some ufologists, the video evidence suggests that the lights kept the triangular geometrical shape they formed and moved as if they were attached through a dark object. The incident was examined in aDateline NBC episode on May 18, 2008, and in the episode "Invasion Illinois" of the television seriesUFO Hunters premiered onThe History Channel on October 29, 2008.[16][17][18]
Around 8 January 2008, there was a mass sighting inStephenville, Texas.[19][20] In the 2023Netflix documentary seriesEncounters, it is claimed that there were black triangles and inside were what looked like insects or apraying mantis.
Classified military aircraft may be responsible for many black triangle UFO reports. Several such sightings have been reported overAntelope Valley, an area of desert inSouthern California. This stretch of desert draws people interested in potential "black project" aircraft because it is close to several known military research and testing areas, such asEdwards Air Force Base andUnited States Air Force Plant 42. A geographic analysis by the now-inactiveNational Institute for Discovery Science suggested that black triangles might be U.S. Air Force craft.[21]
At least some of the proposed military types may be fictitious.[22][23] TheNorthrop TR-3A Black Manta is a speculativesurveillance aircraft purported to belong to theUnited States Air Force and to have been developed under ablack project. It was said to be a subsonicstealth spy plane with aflying wing design. It was alleged to have been used in theGulf War to providelaser designation forLockheed F-117 Nighthawk bombers, for targeting to use withlaser-guided bombs (since the F-117 possesses a laser designator, the reason for both aircraft being utilized is unclear). There is little evidence to support the TR-3's existence; however, it is possible that black triangle UFO reports associated with Black Manta could be atechnology demonstrator for a potential new-generation tacticalreconnaissance aircraft, and/or that "TR-3" refers to a Technical Refresh of an existing program.[22][23]
Geoscientist Ben McGee has identified border patrol drones with infrared anti-collision or identification lights to explain some black triangles.[24]
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