-fluorid.png) | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name Bismuth(III) fluoride | |
| Other names Bismuth trifluoride | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.204 |
| EC Number |
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| UNII | |
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| Properties | |
| BiF3 | |
| Molar mass | 265.97550 g/mol |
| Appearance | grey-white powder |
| Density | 5.32 g cm−3[1] |
| Melting point | 649˚C[2] |
| Insoluble in water[1] | |
| −61.0·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Structure | |
| Orthorhombic,oP16, SpaceGroup = Pnma, No. 62 (β phase) | |
| Hazards | |
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards | Irritant |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| Danger | |
| H314 | |
| P260,P264,P280,P301+P330+P331,P303+P361+P353,P304+P340,P305+P351+P338,P310,P321,P363,P405,P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Related compounds | |
Otheranions | Bismuth chloride |
Othercations | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Bismuth(III) fluoride orbismuth trifluoride is achemical compound ofbismuth andfluorine. The chemical formula is BiF3. It is a grey-white powder melting at 649 °C.
It occurs in nature as the rare mineralgananite.
Bismuth fluoride can be prepared by reactingbismuth(III) oxide withhydrofluoric acid:[2]
α-BiF3 has a cubic crystalline structure (Pearson symbol cF16,space group Fm-3m, No. 225). BiF3 is the prototype for the D03 structure, which is adopted by several intermetallics, including Mg3Pr, Cu3Sb, Fe3Si, and AlFe3,[3] as well as by the hydride LaH3.0.[4] The unit cell isface-centered cubic with Bi at the face centers and vertices, and F at the octahedral site (mid-edges, center), and tetrahedral sites (centers of the 8 sub cubes) - thus theprimitive cell contains 4 Bi and 12 F.[5] Alternatively, with the unit cell shifted (1/4,1/4,1/4) the description can be of a fcc cell with face, edge, corner, and centers filled with F, and half (4 of) the octant centers with F, the other half with Bi (each octant type tetrahedrally arranged).[4] The edge length of the BiF3 cell is 0.5853 nm.[4]
β-BiF3 has theYF3 structure where the bismuth atom has distorted 9 coordination, tricapped trigonal prism.[6] This structure is generally considered to be ionic, and contrasts with fluorides of the lighter members of group 15,phosphorus trifluoride, PF3,arsenic trifluoride, AsF3 andantimony trifluoride, SbF3, where MX3 molecular units are present in the solid.[6]
BiF3 is unaffected by water and is almost insoluble. It does not form complexes readily but the following, BiF3.3HF and BiF4− in NH4BiF4, are known. The addition compound H3BiF6 is hydrolysed by water forming BiOF.[7]
BiF3 has received research attention as a possible electrode material for lithium batteries and as a luminescence host material for lanthanum-doped phosphors.[8]
