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Biosphere reserves of India

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Wildlife of India

There are 18biosphere reserves in India.[1] They protect larger areas of natural habitat than a typicalnational park oranimal sanctuary, and often include one or more national parks or reserves, along with buffer zones that are open to some economic uses. Protection is granted not only to theflora andfauna of the protected region, but also to the human communities who inhabit these regions, and their ways of life. In total there are 18 biosphere reserves in India.

World network

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Thirteen of the eighteen biosphere reserves are a part of theWorld Network of Biosphere Reserves, based on theUNESCOMan and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme list.[1][2][3]

#NameStates/ UTYear
1Nilgiri Biosphere ReserveTamil Nadu,Kerala andKarnataka2000
2Gulf of Mannar Biosphere ReserveTamil Nadu2001
3Sundarbans Biosphere ReserveWest Bengal2001
4Nanda Devi Biosphere ReserveUttarakhand2004
5Nokrek Biosphere ReserveMeghalaya2009
6Pachmarhi Biosphere ReserveMadhya Pradesh2009
7Simlipal Biosphere ReserveOdisha2009
8Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere ReserveChhattisgarh andMadhya Pradesh2012[2]
9Great Nicobar Biosphere ReserveAndaman & Nicobar Islands2013
10Agasthyamalai Biosphere ReserveKerala andTamil Nadu2016[4]
11Khangchendzonga National ParkSikkim2018[5]
12Panna Biosphere ReserveMadhya Pradesh2020[6]
13Cold DesertHimachal Pradesh2025

List of biosphere reserves in India

[edit]
Biosphere reserves of India[7]
YearNameLocationState/UTTypeKey faunaArea (km2)
11986Nilgiri Biosphere ReservePart ofWaynad,Nagarhole,Bandipur andMudumalai,Mukurthi,Sathyamangalam,Nilambur,Silent ValleyKarnataka,Tamil Nadu andKeralaWestern GhatsNilgiri tahr,tiger,Asian elephantlion-tailed macaque5520
21988Nanda Devi Biosphere ReserveParts ofChamoli District,Pithoragarh District &Bageshwar DistrictUttarakhandWestern HimalayasSnow leopard,Himalayan black bear5860
31988NokrekInWest Garo HillsMeghalayaEastern hillsRed panda820.00 
41989Gulf of Mannar Biosphere ReserveIndian part ofGulf of Mannar extending fromRameswaram island in the north toKanyakumari in the south of Tamil Nadu and Sri LankaTamil NaduCoastsDugong10500
51989SundarbansPart of delta ofGanges andBrahmaputra river systemWest BengalGangetic DeltaRoyal Bengal tiger9630
61989ManasPart ofKokrajhar,Bongaigaon,Barpeta,Nalbari,Kamrup andDarrang DistrictsAssamEastern HillsAsiatic elephant, tiger,Assam roofed turtle,hispid hare,golden langur,pygmy hog2837
71989Great Nicobar Biosphere ReserveSouthernmost of theAndaman and Nicobar IslandsAndaman and Nicobar IslandsIslandsSaltwater crocodile885
81994SimlipalPart ofMayurbhanj districtOdishaDeccan PeninsulaGaur,royal Bengal tiger,Asian elephant4374
91997Dibru-SaikhowaPart ofDibrugarh andTinsukia districtsAssamEastern HillsWhite-winged wood duck,water buffalo,black-breasted parrotbill, tiger,capped langur765
101998Dihang-DibangPart ofSiang andDibang ValleyArunachal PradeshEastern HimalayaMishmi takin,musk deer5112
111999Pachmarhi Biosphere ReserveParts ofBetul District,Hoshangabad District andChhindwara DistrictMadhya PradeshSemi-AridGiant squirrel,flying squirrel4981.72
122000Khangchendzonga National ParkParts ofKangchenjungaSikkimEastern HimalayasSnow leopard,red panda2620
132001Agasthyamalai Biosphere ReserveNeyyar,Peppara andShenduruny Wildlife Sanctuary,Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve and their adjoining areasKerala andTamil NaduWestern GhatsNilgiri tahr,Bengal tiger,Asian elephant3500.08
142005Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere ReservePart ofAnnupur,Dindori andBilaspur districtsMadhya Pradesh andChhattisgarhMaikal HillsFour-horned antelope,Indian wild dog,sarus crane,white-rumped vulture,sacred grove bush frog3835.51
152008Great Rann of KutchPart ofKutch,Morbi,Surendranagar and Patan districts; the largest biosphere reserve in India.GujaratDesertIndian wild ass12454
162009Cold DesertPin Valley National Park and surroundings; Chandratal and Sarchu & Kibber Wildlife SanctuaryHimachal PradeshWestern HimalayasSnow leopard7770
172010Seshachalam Hills biosphereSeshachalam Hill Ranges covering parts of Chittoor and Kadapa districtsAndhra PradeshEastern GhatsSlender loris4755.997[8]
182011[9]PannaPart of Panna and Chhattarpur districts in Madhya PradeshMadhya PradeshMoist deciduous forestBengal tiger,Chinkara,Nilgai,sambar deer, andSloth bear2998.98[10]

Key fauna

[edit]
NameKey Fauna
Nilgiri Biosphere ReserveLion Tailed Macaque (EN),Nilgiri Tahr (EN),Malabar Giant Squirrel (LC),Nilgiri Langur (VU)
Nanda DeviSnow Leopard (VU),Musk Deer (EN),Bharal OrBlue Sheep (LC)
NokrekRed Panda (EN),Hoolock Gibbons (EN),Red Giant Flying Squirrel (LC)
Great NicobarDugong (VU),Saltwater Crocodile (LC)
Gulf of MannarDugong (VU),Olive Ridley turtles (VU)
ManasAssam Roofed Turtle (EN),Hispid Hare (EN),Golden Langur (EN),Pygmy Hog (EN),Wild Water Buffalo (EN),Bengal florican (CR)
SunderbansRoyal Bengal Tiger (EN)
SimlipalRoyal Bengal Tigers,Wild Elephants (EN),Gaurs (VU –Indian Bison),Chausingha (VU)
Dibru-SaikhowaBengal Tiger,Clouded Leopard (VU),Gangetic Dolphin (EN)
Dehang-DebangTakin (VU),Red Panda (EN)
PachmarhiTiger,Gaur,Indian Giant Flying Squirrels (LC)
KhangchendzongaRed Panda (EN),Snow Leopard (VU),Musk Deer (EN),Great Tibetan Sheep (Argali – NT)
AgasthyamalaiNilgiri Tahr (EN)
Achanakamar - AmarkantakFour Horned Antelope (Chausingha (VU)),Indian Wild Dog (VU)
Great Rann of Kutch (Kachchh)Great Indian Bustard (CR),Indian Wild Ass (NT)
Cold DesertSnow Leopard (VU),Himalayan Ibex (also referred to as Siberian Ibex – LC)
Seshachalam HillsRed Sanders (NT),Golden Gecko (LC – Endemic To Tirumala Hills)
PannaTiger (EN),Chital (LC),Chinkara (LC),Sambar (VU)

Potential sites

[edit]

The following is a list of potential sites forBiosphere Reserves as selected by Ministry of Forests and Environment:[11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ab"Biosphere Reserves in India"(PDF). Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. 2019. Retrieved5 February 2020.
  2. ^ab"20 new Biosphere Reserves added to UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme". UNESCO. 11 July 2012. Retrieved5 February 2020.
  3. ^"Man and the Biosphere Programme". UNESCO. Retrieved5 February 2020.
  4. ^"20 sites added to UNESCO's World Network of Biosphere Reserves". UNESCO. 19 March 2016. Retrieved5 February 2020.
  5. ^Mohan, Vishwa (8 August 2018)."Kanchenjunga Biosphere Reserve gets entry into the UNESCO's global list".The Economic Times (India). Retrieved5 February 2020.
  6. ^"Panna Biosphere Reserve, India".UNESCO. 12 November 2020. Retrieved28 January 2022.
  7. ^Biosphere Reserves Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India.
  8. ^"Biosphere Reserves in India (as on Dec, 2014)". December 2014. Retrieved23 December 2021.
  9. ^"The Environmental Planning & Coordination Organisation".epco.mp.gov.in. Retrieved27 December 2023.
  10. ^"Panna Tiger Reserve gets UNESCO's 'Biosphere Reserve' Status".Outlook India. 7 November 2020. Retrieved23 December 2021.
  11. ^"Status of Biosphere reserves in India"(PDF). ENVIRO NEWS, Ministry of Environment and Forests. January–March 2008. p. 9. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 20 January 2013. Retrieved1 June 2013.

External links

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