| Bima | |
|---|---|
| Bimanese | |
| Nggahi Mbojo | |
.svg) Mbojo Script (Aksara Mbojo) in Bima (Mbojo script variant) | |
| Pronunciation | [ᵑɡa.hiᵐbo.d͡ʒo] |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | Sumbawa |
| Ethnicity | Bimanese |
Native speakers | (500,000 cited 1989)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Latin alphabet (Bimanese Latin alphabet) Lontara script (Mbojo variant) | |
| Official status | |
| Regulated by | Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | bhp |
| Glottolog | bima1247 |
| ELP | Bima |
 Bima is spoken by the majority of the population or as their mother language Bima is spoken by the majority of the population, but also concurrently by a large number of speakers of other languages Bima is a minority language | |
Bima (endonym:Nggahi Mbojo[ᵑɡa.hiᵐbo.d͡ʒo]), orBimanese, is anAustronesian language spoken on the eastern half ofSumbawa Island,Indonesia by theBimanese people, which it shares with speakers of theSumbawa language. Bima territory includes theSanggar Peninsula [id], where the extinct Papuan languageTambora was once spoken.Bima is an exonym; the autochthonous name for the territory isMbojo and the language is referred to asNggahi Mbojo. There are over half a million Bima speakers. Neither the Bima nor the Sumbawa people have alphabets of their own for they use the alphabets of theBugis and theMalay language indifferently.[3]
Long thought to be closely related to thelanguages of Sumba Island to the southeast, this assumption has been refuted by Blust (2008), which makes Bima a primary branch within theCentral–Eastern Malayo-Polynesian subgroup.[4]
Bima is primarily spoken on the eastern half ofSumbawa Island inIndonesia. It also spoken in theBanta,Sangeang, andKomodo islands.[5]
According toEthnologue, dialects of the language include Kolo, Sangar (Sanggar), Toloweri, Bima, and Mbojo.
Donggo, spoken in mountainous regions to the west ofBima Bay, such as in Doro Ntika of theDoro Oromboha area, is closely related to the main dialect of Bima. It is spoken by about 25,000 people who were formerly primarily Christians and animists; many have converted to Islam, mostly as a result of intermarriages.[6]
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiceless | p | t | tʃ | k | ʔ |
| voiced | b | d | dʒ | ɡ | ||
| prenasal vl. | ᵐp | ⁿt | ᶮtʃ | ᵑk | ||
| prenasal vd. | ᵐb | ⁿd | ᶮdʒ | ᵑɡ | ||
| implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ||||
| Fricative | f | s | h | |||
| Lateral | l | |||||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | e | o | |
| Open | a |
Vowels/ieou/ can have shortened allophones as[ɪɛɔʊ].[7]
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)Authority control databases: National |
|---|
