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Bilingual municipalities in Poland

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Polish municipalities with a second official language

The bilingual status ofgminas (municipalities) inPoland is regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongsidePolish. So far 44 gminas have done this:^[1]

German

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See also:German minority in Poland

German language as auxiliary language in 22 municipalities in Opole and Silesia Voivodeships (slightly outdated map from 2010)

Polish/German bilingual gminas (Gemeinden) in

Opole Voivodeship (28 municipalities)
- Gmina Biała / Gemeinde Zülz (since 06.03.2006)
- Gmina Bierawa / Gemeinde Birawa (since 23.04.2007)
- Gmina Chrząstowice / Gemeinde Chronstau (since 25.01.2006)
- Gmina Cisek / Gemeinde Czissek
- Gmina Dobrodzień / Gemeinde Guttentag (since 13.05.2009)
- Gmina Dobrzeń Wielki / Gemeinde Groß Döbern (since 22.04.2009)
- Gmina Głogówek / Gemeinde Oberglogau (since 22.04.2009)
- Gmina Gogolin / Gemeinde Gogolin
- Gmina Izbicko / Gemeinde Stubendorf (since 06.03.2006)
- Gmina Jemielnica / Gemeinde Himmelwitz (since 28.08.2006)
- Gmina Kolonowskie / Gemeinde Colonnowska (since 22.09.2006)
- Gmina Komprachcice / Gemeinde Comprachtschütz (since 04.06.2009)
- Gmina Lasowice Wielkie / Gemeinde Gross Lassowitz (since 18.10.2006)
- Gmina Leśnica / Gemeinde Leschnitz (since 17.05.2006)
- Gmina Łubniany / Gemeinde Lugnian
- Gmina Murów / Gemeinde Murow (since 22.04.2009)
- Gmina Pawłowiczki / Gemeinde Gnadenfeld
- Gmina Polska Cerekiew / Gemeinde Groß Neukirch
- Gmina Popielów / Gemeinde Poppelau
- Gmina Prószków / Gemeinde Proskau (since 11.07.2006)
- Gmina Radłów / Gemeinde Radlau (since 25.01.2006)
- Gmina Reńska Wieś / Gemeinde Reinschdorf (since 26.10.2006)
- Gmina Strzeleczki / Gemeinde Klein Strehlitz (since 17.05.2006)
- Gmina Tarnów Opolski / Gemeinde Tarnau (since 15.02.2007)
- Gmina Turawa / Gemeinde Turawa (since 12.09.2008)
- Gmina Ujazd / Gemeinde Ujest (since 28.08.2006)
- Gmina Walce / Gemeinde Walzen (since 04.04.2006)
- Gmina Zębowice / Gemeinde Zembowitz (since 23.10.2007)
Silesian Voivodeship (3 municipalities)
- Gmina Krzanowice / Gemeinde Kranowitz
- Gmina Rudnik / Gemeinde Rudnik
- Gmina Sośnicowice / Gemeinde Kieferstädtel

Other gminas inOpole Voivodeship andSilesian Voivodeship which would be permitted by the Act to make German an auxiliary language areOlesno andPawłowiczki.

Kashubian

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Polish/Kashubian bilingual gminas inPomeranian Voivodeship:

Gmina Linia (Gmina Lëniô; since 23.04.2012)
Gmina Luzino (Gmina Lëzëno; since 21.02.2014)
Gmina Parchowo (Gmina Parchòwò; since 16.08.2006)
Gmina Sierakowice (Gmina Serakòwice; since 23.10.2007)
Gmina Żukowo (Gmina Żukòwò; since 17.07.2013)

Lithuanian

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Polish/Lithuanian bilingual gmina inPodlaskie Voivodeship:

Gmina Puńsk (Punsko valsčius; since 25 May 2006)

Belarusian

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Polish/Belarusian bilingual gminas inPodlaskie Voivodeship:

Hajnówka-urban gmina (Гайнаўка) on 3 December 2007
Gmina Czyże (Гміна Чыжы) on 8 February 2010
Gmina Hajnówka-rural gmina (Гміна Гайнаўка) on 28 May 2010
Gmina Narewka (Гміна Нараўка) on 16 September 2009
Gmina Orla (Гміна Орля) on 7 May 2009

Lemko

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Polish/Lemko bilingual names of localities inMałopolskie Voivodeship:

Gallery

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Polish/Lemko place-name sign inBielanka
Polish/Kashubian street name sign inJastarnia
Polish/Kashubian road sign with the village name (Dolina Jadwigi)
Bilingual Polish/Belarusian sign inOleksze
Polish/German place-name sign inKosorowice

References

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^"Map on page of Polish Commission on Standardization of Geographical Names"(PDF). Retrieved20 June 2015.

External links

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Maciej Zych.Minority place names in Poland. United Nations Group of Experts in Geographical Names. Twenty-sixth session. Vienna 2–6 May 2011. Working Paper no. 3.
List of minority place names in Poland according to Register of the communes where place-names in minority language are used provided by Ministry of Administration and Digitization as of April 9, 2019.

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Languages of Poland

Official language

Polish
- dialects

Minority languages

Recognized	Karaim Kashubian Romani Lemko Slovak Tatar
Unrecognized	Silesian Halcnovian Wymysorys
Sign languages	Polish Sign Language Polish manual alphabet

Bilingual communes in Poland

Category

Silesia topics

History
Offensives Uprisings Wars (First,Second,Third) 1921 Upper Silesia plebiscite Treaty of Dresden Treaty of Teschen Book of Henryków Battle of Legnica Battle of Leuthen

Geography

Areas

Lakes

Mountains

Rivers

Elbe	Divoká Orlice Jizera Úpa
Oder	Barycz Bóbr Kaczawa Kłodnica Kwisa Liswarta Mała Panew Nysa Kłodzka Olza Ślęza
Vistula	Biała Brynica Gostynia Przemsza Pszczynka Rawa

Politics

Subdivisions

Former

Current

Jeseník District Moravian–Silesian Region Niederschlesischer Oberlausitzkreis / Görlitz
Voivodeships	Lower Silesian Lubusz Voivodeships Opole Silesian

EP constituencies

Economy

Socioeconomics	Katowice urban area Metropolis GZM Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area
Industry	Bielski Okręg Przemysłowy Legnicko-Głogowski Okręg Miedziowy Lower Silesian Coal Basin Upper Silesian Coal Basin Industrial Region Ostrava-Karviná / Rybnik Coal Areas
Tourism	Tourism

Society

Culture

Architecture Familŏk Barbórka Marsz Autůnůmije Off Festival Regional costume Upper Silesian Ethnographic Park Upper Silesian Museum Silesian Museum (Opava) Silesian Museum (Katowice) Śląsk Song and Dance Ensemble Silesian Theatre Silesian Opera Silesian Library Skarbek Bebok Tyta Polterabend Trojak
Cuisine	Black noodles Bryja Panczkraut(ciapkapusta) Klōzki Galert Hauskyjza Karminadle Kołŏcz Kopalnioki Kreple Krupniok Makōwki Moczka Modrŏ kapusta Siymiyniotka Szałŏt Wodziōnka Żur
Religion	Evangelical Church in Berlin, Brandenburg and Silesian Upper Lusatia Silesian Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland Roman Catholic Church Pentecostal Church in Poland
Sport	Football Association Moravian–Silesian Football League National football team Silesian Stadium Ruch Chorzów Piast Gliwice Górnik Zabrze Podbeskidzie Bielsko-Biała GKS Jastrzębie GKS Tychy Odra Opole GKS Katowice Stadion Śląski

Languages

Symbols

Coats of arms Flags Upper Silesia
Unofficial anthems	Schlesien Unvergessene Heimat Schlesierlied Slezská hymna