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Bijnor | |
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 View ofBijnor railway station in Bijnor, UP | |
  Bijnor Location in Uttar Pradesh Show map of Uttar Pradesh Bijnor Bijnor (India) Show map of India Bijnor Bijnor (Asia) Show map of Asia | |
| Coordinates:29°22′N78°08′E / 29.37°N 78.13°E /29.37; 78.13 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Uttar Pradesh |
| District | Bijnor |
| Government | |
| • MLA | Suchi (BJP) |
| Elevation | 225 m (738 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 115,381 |
| Language | |
| • Official | Hindi[1] |
| • Additional official | Urdu[1] |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | UP-20 |
| Website | www |
Bijnor (Hindi pronunciation:[bɪd͡ʒ.n̪ɔːɾ]) is a city and amunicipal board inBijnor district in the state ofUttar Pradesh, India.[2]
Alamgirpur, also called "Parasaram ka khera", is an archaeological site of theIndus Valley Civilization that thrived alongYamuna River (c. 3300–1300 BC) from the Harappan-Bara period, located inMeerut district, Uttar Pradesh.[3][4] It is the easternmost site of the civilisation. It was partially excavated in 1958 and 1959 byArchaeological Survey of India, that found four cultural periods with intervening breaks; the earliest of them represented by a thickness of 6 feet, belonged to Harappan Culture. Although kiln burnt bricks were in evidence, no structure of this period was found, probably due to the limited nature of the excavations. Brick sizes were, 11.25 to 11.75 in. in length,5.25 to 6.25 in. in breadth and 2.5 to 2.75 in. in thickness; larger bricks averaged 14 in. x 8 in.x 4 in. which were used in furnace only.[4] Typical Harappan pottery was found and the complex itself appeared to be a pottery workshop. Ceramic items found included roof tiles, dishes, cups, vases, cubical dice, beads, terracotta cakes, carts and figurines of a humped bull and a snake.[4] There were also beads and possibly ear studs made ofsteatite paste,faience, glass, carnelian, quartz, agate and black jasper. Little metal was in evidence. However, a broken blade made of copper was found.[5]
King Bijli Pasi is credited as the founder of the city of Bijnor inUttar Pradesh. Pasi consolidated his position whennorthern India was divided into several small states, before the fall of the mighty empires of the past.[6]
During the time ofAkbar, Bijnor was part of hisMughal Empire. During the early 18th century, theRohillaPashtuns established their independence in the area called by theRohilkhand. Around 1748, the Rohilla chiefAli Mohammed Khan made his first annexations in Bijnor, the rest of which soon fell under the Rohilla domination. The northern districts were granted byAli Mohammed Khan to Khurshid Ahmed Baig, who gradually extended his influence west of theGanges and atDelhi, receiving the title ofNajib-ud-daula with the position of the paymaster of the Mughal forces.Marathas invaded Bijnor who was also instigated by enemies of Rohillas, leading to several battles. Rohilla chief, Najib, who sided withAhmad Shah Abdali inPanipat, was made vizier of the empire.[7]
| Climate data for Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 20.8 (69.4) | 23.7 (74.7) | 29.6 (85.3) | 35.9 (96.6) | 39.5 (103.1) | 38.7 (101.7) | 34.4 (93.9) | 33.4 (92.1) | 33.6 (92.5) | 32.6 (90.7) | 27.9 (82.2) | 22.5 (72.5) | 31.1 (88.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 13.7 (56.7) | 16.5 (61.7) | 21.9 (71.4) | 28.0 (82.4) | 31.9 (89.4) | 32.8 (91.0) | 30.2 (86.4) | 29.5 (85.1) | 28.8 (83.8) | 25.6 (78.1) | 20.0 (68.0) | 15.1 (59.2) | 24.5 (76.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.7 (44.1) | 9.3 (48.7) | 14.2 (57.6) | 20.1 (68.2) | 24.4 (75.9) | 26.9 (80.4) | 26.1 (79.0) | 25.5 (77.9) | 24 (75) | 18.7 (65.7) | 12.2 (54.0) | 7.6 (45.7) | 18.0 (64.4) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 21.9 (0.86) | 18.6 (0.73) | 14.0 (0.55) | 9.3 (0.37) | 17.2 (0.68) | 81.8 (3.22) | 243.0 (9.57) | 267.4 (10.53) | 136.3 (5.37) | 18.9 (0.74) | 5.1 (0.20) | 7.9 (0.31) | 841.3 (33.12) |
| Average precipitation days | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 3.3 | 8.8 | 9.4 | 4.1 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 35.5 |
| Source: Weatherbase[8] | |||||||||||||
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 17,583 | — |
| 1911 | 17,439 | −0.8% |
| 1921 | 18,095 | +3.8% |
| 1931 | 23,520 | +30.0% |
| 1941 | 27,900 | +18.6% |
| 1951 | 30,646 | +9.8% |
| 1961 | 33,821 | +10.4% |
| 1971 | 43,290 | +28.0% |
| 1981 | 56,713 | +31.0% |
| 1991 | 66,486 | +17.2% |
| 2001 | 79,346 | +19.3% |
| 2011 | 93,297 | +17.6% |
| Source:[9]: 754–756 | ||
As per 2011 census, Bijnorurban agglomeration had a population of 115,381 out of which males were 60,656 and females were 54,725. The effective literacy rate (7+ population) was 77.90 per cent.[10]
Nagar Palika Parishad Bijnor is the local governing body of Bijnor city.[11]
Bijnor district administration is headed by thedistrict magistrate and collector (DM) of Bijnor, anIAS officer, who reports to thedivisional commissioner ofMoradabad. The DM is in charge of property records and revenue collection for the central government and oversees theelections held in the city. He is also responsible for maintaining law and order in the city.[12][13][14][15] The DM is assisted by two additional district magistrates and several other officers.[16]
Bijnor district comes under theBareilly Police Zone andMoradabad Police Range. The district police is headed by asuperintendent of police (SP), who is anIPS officer, and is assisted by twoadditional superintendents of police for city and east from theProvincial Police Service.[17] Each of the several police circles is headed by a circle officer in the rank ofdeputy superintendent of police.[17]
Bijnor has a District Court under theHigh Court of Judicature of Allahabad.[18] The court is headed by the district judge of Bijnor, who is assisted by numerous additional district judges, civil judges and additional civil judges.
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bijnor".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 928–929.| International | |
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