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Bijnor

Coordinates:29°22′N78°08′E / 29.37°N 78.13°E /29.37; 78.13
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This article is about the municipality in Uttar Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, seeBijnor district. For the village in Lucknow district, seeBijnaur, Lucknow.
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City in Uttar Pradesh, India
Bijnor
View of Bijnor railway station in Bijnor, UP
View ofBijnor railway station in Bijnor, UP
Bijnor is located in Uttar Pradesh
Bijnor
Bijnor
Location in Uttar Pradesh
Show map of Uttar Pradesh
Bijnor is located in India
Bijnor
Bijnor
Bijnor (India)
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Bijnor is located in Asia
Bijnor
Bijnor
Bijnor (Asia)
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Coordinates:29°22′N78°08′E / 29.37°N 78.13°E /29.37; 78.13
Country India
StateUttar Pradesh
DistrictBijnor
Government
 • MLASuchi (BJP)
Elevation
225 m (738 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
115,381
Language
 • OfficialHindi[1]
 • Additional officialUrdu[1]
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationUP-20
Websitewww.bijnor.nic.in

Bijnor (Hindi pronunciation:[bɪd͡ʒ.n̪ɔːɾ]) is a city and amunicipal board inBijnor district in the state ofUttar Pradesh, India.[2]

History

[edit]

Indus Valley Civilization

[edit]

Alamgirpur, also called "Parasaram ka khera", is an archaeological site of theIndus Valley Civilization that thrived alongYamuna River (c. 3300–1300 BC) from the Harappan-Bara period, located inMeerut district, Uttar Pradesh.[3][4] It is the easternmost site of the civilisation. It was partially excavated in 1958 and 1959 byArchaeological Survey of India, that found four cultural periods with intervening breaks; the earliest of them represented by a thickness of 6 feet, belonged to Harappan Culture. Although kiln burnt bricks were in evidence, no structure of this period was found, probably due to the limited nature of the excavations. Brick sizes were, 11.25 to 11.75 in. in length,5.25 to 6.25 in. in breadth and 2.5 to 2.75 in. in thickness; larger bricks averaged 14 in. x 8 in.x 4 in. which were used in furnace only.[4] Typical Harappan pottery was found and the complex itself appeared to be a pottery workshop. Ceramic items found included roof tiles, dishes, cups, vases, cubical dice, beads, terracotta cakes, carts and figurines of a humped bull and a snake.[4] There were also beads and possibly ear studs made ofsteatite paste,faience, glass, carnelian, quartz, agate and black jasper. Little metal was in evidence. However, a broken blade made of copper was found.[5]

Medieval history

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King Bijli Pasi is credited as the founder of the city of Bijnor inUttar Pradesh. Pasi consolidated his position whennorthern India was divided into several small states, before the fall of the mighty empires of the past.[6]

During the time ofAkbar, Bijnor was part of hisMughal Empire. During the early 18th century, theRohillaPashtuns established their independence in the area called by theRohilkhand. Around 1748, the Rohilla chiefAli Mohammed Khan made his first annexations in Bijnor, the rest of which soon fell under the Rohilla domination. The northern districts were granted byAli Mohammed Khan to Khurshid Ahmed Baig, who gradually extended his influence west of theGanges and atDelhi, receiving the title ofNajib-ud-daula with the position of the paymaster of the Mughal forces.Marathas invaded Bijnor who was also instigated by enemies of Rohillas, leading to several battles. Rohilla chief, Najib, who sided withAhmad Shah Abdali inPanipat, was made vizier of the empire.[7]

Geography

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Climate

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Climate data for Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)20.8
(69.4)
23.7
(74.7)
29.6
(85.3)
35.9
(96.6)
39.5
(103.1)
38.7
(101.7)
34.4
(93.9)
33.4
(92.1)
33.6
(92.5)
32.6
(90.7)
27.9
(82.2)
22.5
(72.5)
31.1
(88.0)
Daily mean °C (°F)13.7
(56.7)
16.5
(61.7)
21.9
(71.4)
28.0
(82.4)
31.9
(89.4)
32.8
(91.0)
30.2
(86.4)
29.5
(85.1)
28.8
(83.8)
25.6
(78.1)
20.0
(68.0)
15.1
(59.2)
24.5
(76.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)6.7
(44.1)
9.3
(48.7)
14.2
(57.6)
20.1
(68.2)
24.4
(75.9)
26.9
(80.4)
26.1
(79.0)
25.5
(77.9)
24
(75)
18.7
(65.7)
12.2
(54.0)
7.6
(45.7)
18.0
(64.4)
Averageprecipitation mm (inches)21.9
(0.86)
18.6
(0.73)
14.0
(0.55)
9.3
(0.37)
17.2
(0.68)
81.8
(3.22)
243.0
(9.57)
267.4
(10.53)
136.3
(5.37)
18.9
(0.74)
5.1
(0.20)
7.9
(0.31)
841.3
(33.12)
Average precipitation days1.81.51.41.11.43.38.89.44.11.20.60.935.5
Source: Weatherbase[8]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±%
190117,583—    
191117,439−0.8%
192118,095+3.8%
193123,520+30.0%
194127,900+18.6%
195130,646+9.8%
196133,821+10.4%
197143,290+28.0%
198156,713+31.0%
199166,486+17.2%
200179,346+19.3%
201193,297+17.6%
Source:[9]: 754–756 

As per 2011 census, Bijnorurban agglomeration had a population of 115,381 out of which males were 60,656 and females were 54,725. The effective literacy rate (7+ population) was 77.90 per cent.[10]

Government and politics

[edit]

Nagar Palika Parishad Bijnor is the local governing body of Bijnor city.[11]

Bijnor district administration is headed by thedistrict magistrate and collector (DM) of Bijnor, anIAS officer, who reports to thedivisional commissioner ofMoradabad. The DM is in charge of property records and revenue collection for the central government and oversees theelections held in the city. He is also responsible for maintaining law and order in the city.[12][13][14][15] The DM is assisted by two additional district magistrates and several other officers.[16]

Bijnor district comes under theBareilly Police Zone andMoradabad Police Range. The district police is headed by asuperintendent of police (SP), who is anIPS officer, and is assisted by twoadditional superintendents of police for city and east from theProvincial Police Service.[17] Each of the several police circles is headed by a circle officer in the rank ofdeputy superintendent of police.[17]

Bijnor has a District Court under theHigh Court of Judicature of Allahabad.[18] The court is headed by the district judge of Bijnor, who is assisted by numerous additional district judges, civil judges and additional civil judges.

In popular culture

[edit]

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ab"52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India"(PDF).nclm.nic.in.Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved21 December 2018.
  2. ^UP seeks to include 6 districts in NCR,Indian Express.
  3. ^Ghosh, Amalananda (1991).An Encyclopedia of Indian Archaeology. Brill Academic Publishers.ISBN 978-9-00409-264-8.
  4. ^abcAmalananda Ghosh (ed.). "Excavations at Alamgirpur".Indian Archaeology, A Review (1958-1959). Delhi:Archaeological Survey of India. pp. 51–52.
  5. ^Singh, Upinder (2008).A history of ancient and early medieval India: from the Stone Age to the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson Education. p. 214.ISBN 9788131711200.
  6. ^Gupta, Dipankar (8 December 2004).Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?. SAGE Publications. p. 208.ISBN 978-0-7619-3324-3.
  7. ^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domainChisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bijnor".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 928–929.
  8. ^"Bijnor, India Travel Weather Averages (Weatherbase)".Weatherbase.
  9. ^District Census Handbook Bijnor Part-A(PDF). Lucknow: Directorate of Census Operations, Uttar Pradesh.
  10. ^"Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above"(PDF).Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved7 July 2012.
  11. ^"NAGAR PALIKA PARISHAD, BIJNOR".District Bijnoe. Retrieved15 December 2024.
  12. ^"CONSTITUTIONAL SETUP".Government of Uttar Pradesh.Archived from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved30 August 2017.
  13. ^Maheshwari, S.R. (2000).Indian Administration (6th ed.).New Delhi: Orient Blackswan Private Ltd. pp. 573–597.ISBN 9788125019886.
  14. ^Laxmikanth, M. (2014).Governance in India (2nd ed.).Noida: McGraw Hill Education. pp. 6.1 –6.6.ISBN 978-9339204785.
  15. ^Singh, G.P. (1993).Revenue administration in India: A case study of Bihar.Delhi: Mittal Publications. pp. 50–124.ISBN 978-8170993810.
  16. ^"Collectrate | Bijnor | India". Retrieved26 October 2021.
  17. ^ab"Officers posted at Bijnor".Uttar Pradesh Police. Retrieved26 October 2021.
  18. ^"District & Outlying Courts of Uttar Pradesh, India".www.allahabadhighcourt.in. Retrieved26 October 2021.
  19. ^"Yahan Ke Hum Sikandar".in.com. Archived fromthe original on 21 July 2017. Retrieved21 July 2017.

External links

[edit]
Populated places inBijnor district
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