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Biberstein Castle

Coordinates:47°24′47.60″N8°5′0.70″E / 47.4132222°N 8.0835278°E /47.4132222; 8.0835278
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Biberstein Castle
Schloss Biberstein
Biberstein
Picture by Caspar Wolf (1735–1783)
Site information
CodeCH-AG
Conditionpreserved
Location
Biberstein Castle is located in Switzerland
Biberstein Castle
Biberstein Castle
Coordinates47°24′47.60″N8°5′0.70″E / 47.4132222°N 8.0835278°E /47.4132222; 8.0835278
Site history
Builtaround 1280

Biberstein Castle (German:Schloss Biberstein) is a castle in themunicipality ofBiberstein in theSwisscanton ofAargau.

History

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Castle entrance

The municipality of Biberstein, probably including the castle, is first mentioned in 1280[1] which indicates a late 13th century construction date. The castle was built for the Counts ofHabsburg-Laufenburg. By 1319 Biberstein was listed as a town, though notown charter or market was mentioned. In 1335 the Habsburgs sold the castle and town to Rudolf von Büttikon who established aKnights Hospitallercommandry in the castle. After 1368 the Habsburgs attempted to secretly repurchase Biberstein Castle from the Knights by using a minor noble as astraw purchaser. However, the Knights refused an exchange or purchase.[2] By 1399 the town of Biberstein was fortified with aring wall.[1]

In 1415 the city-state of Bern occupied part of Aargau including Biberstein, though the Knights continued to own and rule over the town and castle. During theSwabian War of 1499Bernese troops occupied Biberstein Castle to protect their northern border. In 1527 Bern adopted the new faith of theProtestant Reformation and began to suppress the monasteries in their lands. In the following year a Bernesevogt occupied the castle and administered the lands around Biberstein. The Knights protested, but in 1535 the commander of the Knights, Johann von Hattstein, was forced to sell the castle to Bern, which gave the cityde jure ownership. The document selling the Knights' estates is the last time Biberstein was referred to as a town.[3]

After 1535 the castle became the seat of one of the smallestvogtei in the Canton of Bern. In the period between 1535 and 1798 a total of 51vogt ruled over the land. However, as one of the smallest and poorestvogtei, most office holders sought additional or other appointments as soon as possible.[3] In 1587 the castle was gutted by a fire. A suspected witch, Elsa Schiblerin, was accused of causing the fire and burned at the stake. Over the next few years the castle was rebuilt by the city of Bern.[4] The castle was rebuilt as a more comfortable home for the residentvogt. The Bibersteincoat of arms was painted above the main gate in 1627 and in 1643 Hans Balthasar Fisch painted the Bernese coat of arms on the tower. A fire in 1784 threatened the castle, but a quick response limited the damage to the roof.[2]

The1798 French invasion and theHelvetic Republic swept away the old system ofvogt andvogtei. With the creation of the Canton of Aargau in the 1803Act of Mediation the three villages of the oldvogtei; Biberstein, Küttigen and Erlinsbach, were combined into one municipality and the castle became the property of the new canton. The castle was renovated in 1889 and became a home for children. It became a home for mentally handicapped adults in 1987.[4]

Castle site

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The castle sits on atuff hill above theAare river. Of the medieval castle, only portions of the outer wall and the foundations of thedonjon remain. The remaining walls and castle structure generally date to the 16th century reconstruction or later renovation projects.

See also

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Literature

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  • Stettler, Michael (1948).Gesellschaft für Schweizerische Kunstgeschichte: Die Kunstdenkmäler des Kantons Aargau. Vol. Band I: Die Bezirke Aarau, Kulm, Zofingen. Basel: Birkhäuser Verlag. pp. 135–138.

References

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  1. ^abBiberstein (Municipality) inGerman,French andItalian in the onlineHistorical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  2. ^abSwiss Castles.com - Biberstein accessed 6 June 2016
  3. ^abBiberstein (Landvogtei) inGerman,French andItalian in the onlineHistorical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  4. ^abCastle website accessed 6 June 2016
Wikimedia Commons has media related toBiberstein Castle.

External links

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