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Biala (Hasidic dynasty)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Polish Hasidic dynasty
Biala Hasidic Dynasty
The title page to Sefer Yismach Yisroel
Founder
RabbiYaakov Yitzchak of Peshischa
Regions with significant populations
Israel, United States, Switzerland
Religions
Hasidic Judaism
Languages
Yiddish, Hebrew
Related ethnic groups
Peshischa,Munkacs,Satmar
Part of a series on
Peshischa Hasidism
Rebbes & Disciples

Biala (Yiddish: ביאלע) is aHasidic dynasty originating from the city ofBiała Podlaska, where it was founded byR. Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz (II) (1847 - 1905). Biala is a branch ofPeshischa Hasidism, as R. Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz (II) was the great-grandson ofR. Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz ("the Yid HaKadosh") (1766 - 1813), the firstPeshischa Rebbe. The dynasty was originally spread throughout many towns in Poland, often taking the names of said towns. However, after theHolocaust, the name "Biala" become synonymous with the entire dynasty. Today the dynasty is mostly concentrated inIsrael,America andSwitzerland.

Lineage

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  • Grand Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz of Peshischa (1766 - 1813) - Known as the "Yid HaKadosh", he was a disciple ofR. Yaakov Yitzchak Horowitz of Lublin (1745 - 1815), whom he later separated from following a notable theological difference between the two men. The Yid HaKadosh established thePeshischa school ofHasidic thought based out ofPrzysucha,Poland. He preached a rationalistic and talmudic-centric approach to Hasidism which stood in contrast to thekabbalistic and miracle based court ofLublin. After his death, he was succeeded by his disciple,R. Simcha Bunem Bonhardt (1765 - 1827), who went on to become one of the foremost figures inPolish Hasidism.
    • Grand Rabbi Yerachmiel (Tzvi) Rabinowicz (1784 - 1834) - Son of the Yid HaKadosh, he supported himself as a watch maker and is best known for defending R. Simcha Bunem, after an attempted was made by several Hasidic dignitaries to ban Peshischa Hasidism. Some say his name was Yerachmiel Tzvi.
      • Grand Rabbi Nosson Dovid Rabinowicz of Szydlowiec (1814 - 1866) - Son of R. Yerachmiel, he studied underR. Yissachar Ber Baron, the firstRadoshitzer Rebbe. R. Nosson Dovid abandoned the doctrines of Peshischa Hasidism and instead adopted a kabbalistic and miracle-centric view of Hasidism.
        • Grand Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz (II) (1847 - 1905) - First Biala Rebbe. The son of R. Nosson Dovid, he married the daughter of R. Yehoshua of Ostrov (author of "Toldos Adam"). After his father-in-law's death he moved to Biała Podlaska, where he established his own Hasidic court and unlike his father, he embraced most parts of Peshischa Hasidism. Despite this, he still vehemently opposed the activities ofmaskilim, whom he described as "little foxes destroying the vineyard of the Lord". His teachings were posthumously published by his son R. Abraham under the title "Divrei Binah".
          • Grand Rabbi Yerachmiel Tzvi Rabinowicz (II) (1880 - 1906) - Son of R. Yaakov Yitzchak (II), he was an accomplished violinist and a painter and held a Hasidic court inSiedlice.
            • Grand Rabbi Yechiel Yehoshua Rabinowicz (1900 - 1981) - Second Biala Rebbe. The son of R. Yerachmiel Tzvi (II), he was raised by his grandfather R. Leibish of Ozarov. In 1923, he become the rebbe of Siedlice. He managed to escapeNazi occupied Poland, instead fleeing to the Russian-controlled zone, from which he was exiled toSiberia. In 1947 heimmigrated toMandatory Palestine and settled inTel Aviv. He was in the forefront of activity to maintain adherence to traditional Judaism amongst the masses. He was one of the founders of theChinuch Atzmai educational network, and he served on theMoetzes Gedolei HaTorah.
              • Grand RabbiBezalel Simcha Menachem Ben-Zion Rabinowicz (1935 - 2024) - Third Biala Rebbe. The son of R. Yechiel Yehoshua, he served as the rabbi of the city ofLugano. He was a member of theAgudat Yisrael.
                • Grand Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef Dov Rabinowicz - Fourth and current Biala Rebbe. The son of R. Bezalel Simcha Menachem Ben-Zion.
                • Rabbi Chaim Yehuda Leibish Rabinowicz - Rov of K'hal Shaarei Mordechai in Manchester. The son of R. Bezalel Simcha Menachem Ben-Zion.
                  • Grand Rabbi Asher Yeshaya Rabinowicz - Current Biala Rebbe of New City. The son of R. Chaim Yehuda Leibish.
              • Grand Rabbi David Matisyahu Rabinowicz (1927 - 1997) - Biala Rebbe of Bnei Brak. He founded the Yeshiva "Biala Or Kedoshim". The son of R. Yechiel Yehoshua.
                • Grand Rabbi Yaakov Menachem - Biala Rebbe of Bnei Brak. The son of R. David Matisyahu.
                • Grand Rabbi Aharon Shlomo Chaim Eleazar Rabinowicz, Biala Rebbe ofBoro Park. The son of R. David Matisyahu.
                • Grand Rabbi Avraham Yerachmiel Rabinowicz - Ostrov-Biala Rebbe. The son of R. David Matisyahu.
              • Grand Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Menachem Rabinowicz (1926 - 2010) - Biala Rebbe ofRamat Aharon. The Son of R. Yechiel Yehoshua. Was from the first students with which the Punivitz Rosh Yeshiva opened the Yeshiva in 1943. First lived in Petach Tikva where he gave lectures in Gemura Beiyun (in-depth) in the Viznitz Bais Hamedrash at the request of the Viznitz Rabbi the Yeshuois Moshe. Later moved toBnei Brak and opened a Bais Hamedrash for his followers.
                • Grand Rabbi Baruch Shlomo Leib Rabinowicz - Biala Rebbe of Har Yonah. The son of R. Yitzchak Yaakov Menachem.
                • Grand Rabbi David Yerachmiel Tzvi Rabinowicz - Biala Rebbe ofRamat Aharon. The son of R. Yitzchak Yaakov Menachem.
              • Grand Rabbi Yerachmiel Tzvi Yehuda Rabinowicz (1923 - 2003) - Biala-Peshischa Rebbe. The son of R. Yechiel Yehoshua. He moved to the neighbourhood ofHar Nof, where he established theBeit Midrash "Toldot Yechiel Biala-Peshisha".
                • Grand Rabbi Yaakov Elimelech Rabinowitz - Biala-Peshischa Rebbe ofAshdod. The son of R. Yerachmiel Tzvi Yehuda.
                • Grand Rabbi Chaim Yitzchak Menachem Mendel Rabinowicz - Biala-Peshischa Rebbe of Bnei Brak. The son of R. Yerachmiel Tzvi Yehuda.
                • Grand Rabbi Aharon Moshe Eliezer Rabinowicz - Current Biala-Peshischa Rebbe. The son of R. Yerachmiel Tzvi Yehuda, he took over his father's Beit Midrash in Har Nof.
                • Grand Rabbi Baruch Leib Rabinowicz - Current Biala Rebbe of London. The son of R. Yerachmiel Tzvi Yehuda.
                • Grand Rabbi Simcha Ben-Zion Yitzchak Rabinowicz - Biala-Peshicha Rebbe ofRamat Shlomo. The son of R. Yerachmiel Tzvi Yehuda.
            • Grand Rabbi Nathan David Rabinowicz (1899 - 1947) - Son of R. Yerachmiel Tzvi (II), he was the Biala Rebbe ofLondon. He married the daughter of R. Alter Yisroel Shimon Perlow I (1874 - 1933), 2ndNovominsker Rebbe. He moved to London in 1927 where he established ashtiebel offBrick Lane. His ethical will, "Divrei David" was published in London in 1948.
              • Rabbi Tzvi Rabinowicz (1919 - 2002) - Author of several academic works on Hasidism.
          • Grand Rabbi Nosson Dovid Rabinowicz (II) (1868 - 1930) -Parzcever / Partzover Rebbe. The son of R. Yaakov Yitzchak (II), and a staunch opponent of theHaskalah andZionism. He married the daughter ofR. Yechiel Yaakov Hopsztajn (1846–1866), thefifth Kozhnitzer Rebbe.
            • Grand Rabbi Moshe Yechiel Elimelech Rabinowicz (1895 - 1942) - Son of R. Natan David (II). He married the daughter of R. Yisroel Szapira, son of R.Elimelech Szapira, theGrodzhisker Rebbe (1823 - 1892). He authored several works inWarsaw.
            • Avraham Yaakov Shapira, Drohobycer Rebbe, son in law of Rabbi Nosson Dovid, married Esther Golda and lived in Yerushalayim. His son in law, Dr. Avrohom Glasner lived in Yerushalayim. Dr. Glasner's son in law Dr. Moshe Shmuel Glasner resides in Yerushalayim.
            • Grand Rabbi Baruch Yehoshua Yerachmiel Rabinowicz (1913 - 1997) - Son of R. Natan David (II). He married the daughter ofR. Chaim Elazar Spira, the fifthMunkacser Rebbe, after he death he succeeded. Unlike his both his father and father-in-law, R. Baruch was sympathetic toZionism and theState of Israel. Because of his progressive beliefs, the Hasidim of Munkacs crowned his son, R. Moshe Leib as the Munkacser Rebbe. R. Baruch later moved toPetah Tikva where he headed a smallBeis Hamedrash until his death in 1997.

Main books

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  • Toldos Adam (by Rebbe Yehoshua of Ostrova, the father-in-law of the first Biala Rebbe)
  • Divrei Binah (by the first Biala Rebbe)
  • Aron Eidus (by Rebbe Shraga Yoir ofBiałobrzegi, the brother of the Divrei Binah)
  • Zichron Mishlei (by Rebbe Meir Shlomo of Mezritch, the son of the Divrei Binah)
  • Yeshuas Avraham (by Rebbe Avrohom Yehoshua Heshl of Lublin, the son of the Divrei Binah)
  • Chelkas Yehoshua andSeder HaYom (by Rebbe Yechiel Yehoshua)
  • Lehavas David (by Rebbe Dovid Matisyahu of Biala-Bnei Brak)
  • Mevaser Tov (by Rebbe Ben-Zion of Biala)—parts of which have been translated intoEnglish

A translation ofSeder HaYom into English has been published by the Biala Rebbe of America. The version of the prayer-book used by Biala Hasidim is calledSiddur Chelkas Yehoshua.

See also

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External links

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Poland
EasternGalicia
WesternGalicia
Ukraine
Lithuania and Belarus
Romania
Hungary
Czech Republic
United States
Israel
Other
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