Bhadohi district | |
|---|---|
| Sant Ravidas Nagar | |
 A view of Morva River in Moosilatpur village | |
 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Uttar Pradesh |
| Division | Mirzapur |
| Established | 30 June 1994 |
| Headquarters | Bhadohi |
| Tehsils | 3 |
| Government | |
| • District Magistrate | Shailesh Kumar,IAS |
| • Lok Sabha constituencies | Sant RaviDas Nagar |
| • Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha | Vinod Kumar Bind |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,015 km2 (392 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 1,578,213 |
| • Density | 1,555/km2 (4,027/sq mi) |
| Language | |
| • Official | Hindi[1] |
| • Regional | Awadhi |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 89.14% |
| • Sex ratio | 902 |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | UP-66 |
| Major highways | |
| Website | Official Website |
Bhadohi district is adistrict ofUttar Pradesh state in northernIndia.[2] It is also referred to as Sant Ravidas Nagar. It is the smallest district by area in the state ofUttar Pradesh which was created on June 30, 1994 by dividing western part of the district Varanasi.[3] It is surrounded byVaranasi district on east,Prayagraj district on west,Jaunpur north andMirzapur district in south. The state capitalLucknow is distanced at 234 KM from Bhadohi.[3] Its district headquarters is situated in the city ofGyanpur. The district is popularly known for carpet weaving as it is one of largest centres of Carpet Industries in India and therefore it also known as the 'Carpet City of India'. Carpets of Bhadohi have 'Geographical Indication' tag attached to it. Bhadohi has huge geographical significance and position attached to it due to its location between two culturally important and rich heritage cities ofPrayagraj andVaranasi.
According to the epicMahābhārata, thePandavas escaped from Lakshagrah through a tunnel and took shelter here at a place called Semradhnath. It is also believed that MataSita, wife of LordRama, lived here in the ashram ofMaharshi Valmiki when she was abandoned by Lord Rama, and also thatLav andKush the twin sons of Lord Rama were born in this ashram only. Once, followed by fake accuses of public and Lord Rama's request to prove her purity once again Mata Sita in grief immersed herself in the lap of goddess Earth.
Bhadohi supposedly gets its name fromBhar Raj of the region which had Bhadohi as its capital, whose traces can be found in the names of ruined mounds and old tanks named after the Bhar rulers, a tributary ofKannauj kingdom, which in the early medieval period was included in the Kingdom ofJaunpur.
During the reign of Mughal Emperor Akbar, Bhadohi was made adastur and included in thesarkar ofAllahabad.
By the fifteenth century theBhar were overpowered byMonas Rajputs with Sagar Rai as the first head of the clan, and his grandson, Jodh Rai received it as azamindari sanad (deed) from Mughal EmperorShah-e-Jahan.
However around 1750 AD due to non-payment of land revenue arrears, Raja Pratap Singh ofPratapgarh, in lieu of his paying the arrears gave the entirepargana to Balwant Singh ofBenaras, subsequently he received it directly under asanad from NawabShuja-ud-Daula ofAwadh under British influence in 1770 AD.
In 1911, Bhadohi came under first Maharaja of the newly createdprincely state of Benares ruled by Maharaja Prabhu Narayan Singh and it remained with Benaras till 1947.[4][5][6]
SantRavi Das, known as Raidas also, was one of the twelve pupils of SaintRamanand. The devotee of ‘Nirgun Brahama’. Raidas never discriminated betweenHindus andMuslims. He established the ‘Raidasi Sampradaya’. The region is also linked with Sant Ravidas, after whom the district has been given the name Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi).[2]
Bhadohi was created on 30 June 1994 as the 65th district of the State. It was part ofVaranasi district prior to its creation.
TheMayawati government changed this district's name from Bhadohi to Sant Ravidas Nagar (S.R.N.). TheAkhilesh Yadav government resolved on 6 December 2014 to change the name back to Bhadohi.[7]
This district is situated in the plains of theGanges River, which forms the southwestern border of the district.Ganges,Varuna and Morva are the main rivers. The district is surrounded byJaunpur district to the north,Varanasi district to the east,Mirzapur district to the south, andPrayagraj district to the west. With an area of 1055.99 km² Bhadohi is the smallest district of Uttar Pradesh area wise. Bhoganw and Rampur are famous ghats in Bhadohi, and also there are many divine temples in Bhadohi, namely:Sita Samahit Sthal (Sitamarhi),Semradhnath Mahadev Dham, Baba Harihar Nath Mandir, Baba Doodhnath Mandir, Ghopaila Devi Mandir (Gyanpur), Chakwa Mahaveer Hanuman Mandir, Baba Bade Shiv Mandir (Gopiganj),Bhadreshwar Mahadev Mandir, Maa Kamakhya Dham (Uchetha Village), Baba Pandwa Nath Mandir (Kaulapur),Sankat Mochan Hanuman Mandir vikaiyadham "Sankat Mochan Maruti Trust Chakshridatt VikaiyaDham (Chakshridatt Tiwaripur), Shiv Mandir (Sundarpur), ShreeRam Mandir (Kaulapur), Shani Dham, Baba Tileshwarnath Mandir (Tilanga village), Bhadrakali temple, andBaba Gangeshwarnath Dham (Itahara Uparwar Village) Khorabeer Maharaj(Bhagavanpur) Baba KabutarNath Mandir Gopiganj Anjahi Mohal.
This district is divided into threetehsils,Aurai Tehsil, Bhadohi andGyanpur, and six blocks,[8]Bhadohi,Suriyawan, Gyanpur,Deegh, Abholi[9] and Aurai.[10]
There are 1075 populated villages and 148 non-populated villages, along with 79 nyay-panchayat and 489gram panchayats in the district. The district has nine geographically divided police stations namely - Aurai, Bhadohi, Chauri, Durgaganj, Gopiganj, Koirauna, Gyanpur, Oonj and Suriyawan In urban area there are seven statutory Towns and four Census Town. Statutory Towns are two Nagar Palika Parishad and five Nagar Panchayats.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 252,866 | — |
| 1911 | 254,175 | +0.05% |
| 1921 | 258,180 | +0.16% |
| 1931 | 276,399 | +0.68% |
| 1941 | 327,907 | +1.72% |
| 1951 | 388,471 | +1.71% |
| 1961 | 464,317 | +1.80% |
| 1971 | 557,307 | +1.84% |
| 1981 | 780,014 | +3.42% |
| 1991 | 1,077,633 | +3.28% |
| 2001 | 1,353,705 | +2.31% |
| 2011 | 1,578,213 | +1.55% |
| source:[11] | ||
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 86.70% | |||
| Islam | 12.92% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.38% | |||
According to the2011 census Bhadohi district had apopulation of 1,578,213,[13] roughly equal to the nation ofGabon[14] or the US state ofHawaii.[15] This gives it a ranking of 320th in India (out of a total of640).[13]The district has a population density of 1,531 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,970/sq mi).[13] Itspopulation growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 14.81%.[13] Bhadohi has asex ratio of 950females for every 1000 males,[13] and aliteracy rate of 89.14%. 14.53% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes made up 22.37% of the population.[13]
At the time of the2011 Census of India, 66.38
| Tehsil | Hindi | Awadhi | Bhojpuri | Urdu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bhadohi | 70.52% | 14.26% | 10.29% | 4.79% |
| Gyanpur | 75.50% | 18.83% | 4.99% | 0.58% |
| Aurai | 49.32% | 3.92% | 45.9% | 0.82% |
Carpet weaving in Bhadohi-Mirzapur region dates back to the 16th century, during the reign ofMughal Emperor,Akbar[2] and is believed to have established when centuries ago, some Iranian master weavers stopped at Madhosingh village, nearKhamaria, in Bhadohi while travelling in India, and subsequently set up looms here.[17]
The present day Bhadohi district is biggest carpet manufacturing centres in India, most known for its hand-knotted carpet. While the Mirzapur-Bhadohi region has the largest number of weavers involved in handmade carpet weaving cluster, engaging around 3.2 million people in the industry, Bhadohi alone employs 2.2 million rural artisans in its 100 percent export-oriented industry.[2] Bhadohi based organisations account for about 75% of the Rs 44 billion of total carpet exports from India, The annual turnover of carpet exports from Bhadohi was Rs 25 billion (approx) in 2010.[citation needed]
In 2010, the carpets of the region received theGeographical Indication (GI) tag, which means carpets manufactured in nine districts of the region, Bhadohi,Mirzapur,Varanasi,Ghazipur,Sonebhadra,Kaushambi,Allahabad,Jaunpur andChandauli would be tagged with 'handmade carpet of Bhadohi'. Most of the production is aimed at foreign countries.[17]
Well-known carpet types from Bhadohi include cotton Dhurries, Chhapra Mir carpets, Abusan, Persian, Loribaft, Indo Gabbeh but also Nepalese carpets and more recent shaggy type carpets.[citation needed] They are manufactured in various qualities.
Bhadohi received a major boost in November 2018 as the government has extended the 'export excellence' tag to it. Under the 'Towns of Export Excellence' tag, carpet makers of the city will get financial assistance from the central government to procure modern machines, improve export infrastructure, and organise fairs and exhibitions in different parts of the world to attract global buyers. Bhadohi will be the 37th town in India to get this status. The tag would help put the carpet city on the world map.[citation needed]
Gabon 1,576,665
Hawaii 1,360,301
Places adjacent to Bhadohi district | |
|---|---|
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
25°20′24″N82°28′12″E / 25.34000°N 82.47000°E /25.34000; 82.47000
