Bessarabian Soviet Socialist Republic | |||||||||
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| 1919 | |||||||||
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| Status | Revolutionary committee of theRussian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic | ||||||||
| Demonym | Bessarabian | ||||||||
| Government | Provisionalrevolutionary Committee | ||||||||
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| Today part of | Moldova Ukraine | ||||||||
TheBessarabian Soviet Socialist Republic orBessarabian SSR (Romanian:Republica Sovietică Socialistă Basarabeană, RSS Basarabeană;Russian:Бессарабская Советская Социалистическая Республика,romanized: Bessarabskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika,Бессарабская ССР,Bessarabskaya SSR) was arevolutionary committee created under the patronage ofSoviet Russia to establish aSoviet republic withinBessarabia. The only Bessarabian territory under the committee's control was the town ofBender during theuprising of 27−28 May 1919. While the government was disbanded later in 1919, the idea was revived during theTatarbunary Uprising, when another committee held control over some villages in southern Bessarabia for a few days in September 1924.
The Bessarabian SSR was proclaimed on 5 May 1919 inOdessa at the 2nd Regional Bolshevik Conference as a "Provisional Workers' and Peasants' Government in exile" and established on 11 May 1919 inTiraspol as an autonomous part ofRussian SFSR.[1] Neither Odessa nor Tiraspol were part of historical Bessarabia. The self-proclaimed government of the Bessarabian SSR never managed to control any part of Bessarabia, which on 9 April 1918 united withRomania. Soviet authorities did not recognize theUnion of Bessarabia with Romania, and the proclamation of the Bessarabian SSR was a political measure aimed at preparing a future invasion of Bessarabia by theRed Army.
Thede facto-government had talks with the French military authorities over the military and political settlement but was disbanded in September 1919 afterDenikin's army took control of the Odessa region.[2]
The Western European powers recognised the union of Bessarabia and Romania by theTreaty of Paris (1920). However, theUnited States refused to sign the Treaty on the grounds thatRussia was not represented at the conference. This aided theSoviet Union in its continued desire to retakeBessarabia, which itsucceeded in doing twenty years later.[3]
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