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Benmoreite

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Volcanic rock type

Benmoreite lava forms the "Dragon's Teeth" landmark onMaui, Hawaii^[1]

Benmoreite is avolcanic rock ofintermediate composition. It is a silica-undersaturatedsodium-rich variety oftrachyandesite (the other kind islatite) and belongs to thealkaline suite ofigneous rocks. It was named afterBen More, a mountain on theIsle of Mull,Scotland.

Benmoreite has been found, for example, onAscension Island andEaster Island, atMount Berlin in Antarctica, and inAtakor volcanic field, Algeria. Benmoreite lava was erupted during the2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull.^[2]

An origin byfractionation frombasanite throughnepheline hawaiite to nepheline benmoreite has been demonstrated for a volcanic suite in theMcMurdo Volcanic Group of lateCenozoic age inMcMurdo Sound area of Antarctica.^[3] Nepheline benmoreite magmas derived frommantle sources, containinglherzolite xenoliths, display similarities to someplutonic nepheline syenites.^[4]

References

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^Sinton, J. (2006)."Maui Field Trip"(PDF). Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Hawaii. p. 12. Retrieved20 November 2018.
^Oddsson, B.; Gudmundsson, M.T.; Edwards, B.R.; Thordarson, T.; Magnússon, E.; Sigurðsson, G. (2016). "Subglacial lava propagation, ice melting and heat transfer during emplacement of an intermediate lava flow in the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption".Bulletin of Volcanology.78 (7). 48.Bibcode:2016BVol...78...48O.doi:10.1007/s00445-016-1041-4.S2CID 54939869.
^Kyle, P. R.; Adams, J.; Rankin, P. C. (1979). "Geology and petrology of the McMurdo Volcanic Group at Rainbow Ridge, Brown Peninsula, Antarctica".Geological Society of America Bulletin.90 (7):676–688.Bibcode:1979GSAB...90..676K.doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1979)90<676:GAPOTM>2.0.CO;2.
^Green, D. H.; Edgar, A. D.; Beasley, P.; Kiss, E.; Ware, N. G. (1974). "Upper mantle source for some hawaiites, mugearites and benmoreites".Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology.48 (1):33–43.Bibcode:1974CoMP...48...33G.doi:10.1007/BF00399108.S2CID 129511256.

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Volcanic rocks	Agglomerate Andesite Basalt Basaltic andesite Benmoreite Blairmorite Cinder Dacite Felsite Ignimbrite Komatiite Lapilli Latite Leucitite Nephelinite Obsidian Phonolite Phonotephrite Pumice Rhyodacite Rhyolite Tephra Tephriphonolite Trachyandesite Trachybasalt Trachyte Tuff Pyroclastic fall Pyroclastic flow
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v t e Types of rocks
Igneous rock	Adakite Alkali feldspar granite Andesite Anorthosite Aplite Basalt Alkali basalt Picrite basalt Basaltic trachyandesite Mugearite Shoshonite Basanite Blairmorite Boninite Carbonatite Charnockite Enderbite Dacite Diabase Diorite Napoleonite Dunite Essexite Foidolite Gabbro Granite Granodiorite Granophyre Harzburgite Hornblendite Hyaloclastite Icelandite Ijolite Kimberlite Komatiite Lamproite Lamprophyre Latite Lherzolite Monzogranite Monzonite Nepheline syenite Nephelinite Norite Obsidian Pegmatite Peridotite Phonolite Phonotephrite Porphyry Pumice Pyroxenite Websterite Quartz diorite Quartz monzonite Quartzolite Rhyodacite Rhyolite Comendite Pantellerite Scoria Shonkinite Sovite Syenite Tachylyte Tephriphonolite Tephrite Tonalite Trachyandesite Benmoreite Trachybasalt Hawaiite Trachyte Troctolite Trondhjemite Tuff Ignimbrite Wehrlite
Sedimentary rock	Argillite Arkose Banded iron formation Breccia Calcarenite Chalk Chert Claystone Coal Conglomerate Coquina Diamictite Diatomite Dolomite Evaporite Flint Geyserite Greywacke Gritstone Itacolumite Jaspillite Laterite Lignite Limestone Lumachelle Marl Mudstone Oil shale Oolite Phosphorite Sandstone Shale Siltstone Sylvinite Tillite Travertine Tufa Turbidite Varve Wackestone
Metamorphic rock	Anthracite Amphibolite Blueschist Cataclasite Eclogite Gneiss Granulite Greenschist Hornfels Calcflinta Itabirite Litchfieldite Marble Migmatite Mylonite Metapelite Metapsammite Phyllite Pseudotachylite Quartzite Schist Serpentinite Skarn Slate Suevite Talc carbonate Soapstone Tectonite Whiteschist
Specific varieties	Adamellite Appinite Aphanite Borolanite Blue Granite Epidosite Felsite Flint Ganister Gossan Hyaloclastite Ijolite Jadeitite Jasperoid Kenyte Lapis lazuli Larvikite Litchfieldite Llanite Luxullianite Mangerite Novaculite Pietersite Pyrolite Rapakivi granite Rhomb porphyry Rodingite Shonkinite Taconite Tachylite Teschenite Theralite Unakite Variolite Wad

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