 | |
 BellSouth Regional Headquarters in Nashville (circa 2003) | |
| AT&T South | |
| Company type | Subsidiary |
| NYSE: BLS | |
| Industry | Telecommunications |
| Founded | December 31, 1983; 42 years ago (1983-12-31) |
| Defunct | December 29, 2006; 19 years ago (2006-12-29) |
| Fate | Acquired byAT&T Inc., and merged withPacific Telesis |
| Headquarters | Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. |
Key people | F. Duane Ackerman (chairman and CEO) |
| Products | Telephone,Internet,Television |
Number of employees | 63,000 |
| Parent | AT&T Corporation (1983) AT&T Inc.[1][2] (2006) |
| Subsidiaries | BellSouth Telecommunications |
| Website | bellsouth.com at theWayback Machine (archived 2000-07-06) |
BellSouth, LLC (stylized asBELLSOUTH and formerly known asBellSouth Corporation) was an Americantelecommunications holding company based inAtlanta, Georgia. BellSouth was one of the seven originalRegional Bell Operating Companies after theU.S. Department of Justice forced theAmerican Telephone & Telegraph Company to divest itself of its regional telephone companies on January 1, 1984.
In a merger announced on March 5, 2006, and executed on December 29, 2006,AT&T Inc. (originally SBC Communications) acquired BellSouth for approximately $86 billion (1.325 shares of AT&T for each share of BellSouth).[3] The merger also consolidated ownership ofCingular Wireless andYellowpages.com, both of which were joint ventures between BellSouth and AT&T.[4] With the merger completed, wireless services previously offered by Cingular Wireless were then offered under the AT&T name, andBellSouth Telecommunications (a subsidiary of aBell Operating Company) began doing business asAT&T Southeast.[4]
BellSouth was the last of the Regional Bell Operating Companies to keep its original corporate name after the 1984 AT&T breakup, as well as the last one to retain the Bell logo as part of its main corporate identity.
BellSouth also operated in Latin America in Argentina, Australia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. BellSouth operated in New Zealand under the name ofBellSouth New Zealand Limited from 1993 until 1998 when it was acquired by Vodafone to becomeVodafone New Zealand.[5] It competed againstTelecom New Zealand. Its operations in Australia were under the name ofBellSouth Australia Pty Limited. All of Bellsouth's operations in Latin America were acquired byTelefonica in late 2004 for nearly $5.85 billion, and becameMovistar.[6][7]
As part of the breakup of the oldAT&T during 1984, BellSouth was formed as the holding company for the telephone operating companies in the southern portion of the oldBell System—Atlanta-basedSouthern Bell andBirmingham, Alabama-basedSouth Central Bell. The creation of BellSouth, in effect, reunited most telephone service in the Southeastern United States. Southern Bell had been the Bell System operating company for the entire Southeast until 1967, when the western portion of its service territory became South Central Bell.
BellSouth formed a shared services company, BellSouth Services, to provide centralized functions such asengineering andinformation technology to Southern Bell and South Central Bell. Services provided in the BellSouth operating area include telephone andDSL/Dial-up Internet services in the states ofAlabama,Florida,Georgia,Kentucky,Louisiana,Mississippi,North Carolina,South Carolina, andTennessee.Satellite television service was provided as a partnership withDirecTV.Cable television (often viaMMDS) was provided in limited markets as BellSouth Entertainment (as part of theAmericast venture).
In 1992, BellSouth merged South Central Bell and BellSouth Services into Southern Bell, which changed its name toBellSouth Telecommunications. This created a single operating company in the BellSouth territory, and fully reunited Southern Bell and South Central Bell. However, BellSouth continued using the Southern Bell name in the eastern portion of its territory and the South Central Bell name in the western portion until 1998, when it adopted BellSouth as the sole customer-facing brand.
The company maintained its largest operation centers in Atlanta and Birmingham. Region-wide headquarters operations were also primarily in Atlanta and Birmingham. Statewide operations centers were located in Birmingham, Miami, Atlanta, Louisville, New Orleans, Jackson, Charlotte, Columbia, and Nashville. BellSouth Mobility was based in Atlanta, Georgia and Birmingham, Alabama.
In August 1998, BellSouth launched FastAccess DSL, theirbroadband service provided through aDSL connection, initially launched in theAtlanta,Birmingham,Charlotte,Miami/Ft. Lauderdale,Jacksonville,New Orleans andRaleigh/Durham areas. Eventually, it became available in all of BellSouth's service area.
Toward its end, BellSouth realigned itself in two important areas,wireless andbroadband. In 2001, they mergedBellSouth Mobility, their wireless enterprise, withSBC's wireless services, and took a 40% stake in the resulting company,Cingular Wireless. The new company provided a large percentage of BellSouth's revenue. This joint venture continued after SBC purchased theold AT&T and rebranded asAT&T Inc. Continued increase ofbroadband penetration and applications in the consumer market was a key strategy to the company. These activities were being funded in part by the sale ofLatin America operations.
BellSouth became the first "Baby Bell" that did not operatepay telephones. By 2003, BellSouth's payphone operation was discontinued because it had become too unprofitable, most likely due to the increased availability of cell phones.Cincinnati Bell has taken BellSouth's place for payphones in northern BellSouth territory; independents have set in further south.
BellSouth's main operating units at its end were the Communications Group, Domestic Wireless, and Advertising and Publishing. The communications group operated two wholly owned subsidiaries,BellSouth Telecommunications Inc. (BST) andBellSouth Long Distance, Inc. (BSLD). The main marketing groups for the communications group were consumer, small business, large business, and interconnection (wholesale services). The communications group provided wireline communications services, including local exchange, network access, intraLATA long-distance services, and Internet services, as well as long-distance services.
The advertising and publishing group was responsible for printing and distributing telephone books, selling advertising, and operating online electronic directories.
The BellSouth–SBC/AT&T relationship went further than just Cingular Wireless. Both companies also co-owned yellowpages.com[8] (formerly RealPages.com and SmartPages.com).
BellSouth licensed its trademark to US Electronics, which produced telephones under the BellSouth brand. It also previously maintained a history page at bellsouth.com/servicemarks, which displayed its former and recent BellSouth logo usage.[9]
BellSouth customers were no longer receivingcaller ID information from Sprint PCS customers based on anAtlanta Business Chronicle article from December 15, 2003. Any incoming call originating from aSprint PCS cell phone will usually display the City, State format on the caller ID display instead of the name or business name associated with that number. Based on a 1996 agreement between Sprint and BellSouth, it is likely that this is a result of a ten-year contract. In 2003, Sprint sued BellSouth for $20 million as a result of Sprint claiming Bellsouth violated a 1996 contract by not providing Sprint caller-identification information to BellSouth customers.[10]
Similar caller ID "deals" have been left to the consumer to fight either with their own carrier or through government regulatory commissions for what they should have displayed on their caller ID device. In 2002, Sprint andSBC Communications could not come to an agreement on fees charged to carriers to look up the caller name information.[11][12]
In 2006,USA Today published an article which erroneously claimed that three of the largestUnited States carriers, including BellSouth, had been supplying calling records to theNational Security Agency for all international and domestic calls. This data, the article claimed, is being used to create, "thelargest database ever assembled."[13]
On May 16, 2006, BellSouth released a retraction claiming that no contract with the NSA existed and that they had never provided information such as calling records to the NSA.[14]
USA Today posted an update on June 30, 2006, stating that:
"On May 15, BellSouth said it could not categorically deny participation in the program until it had conducted a detailed investigation. BellSouth said that internal review concluded that the company did not contract with the NSA or turn over calling records."[15]
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