| Belgrade City Library | |
|---|---|
| Библиотека града Београда | |
 Belgrade City Library, view from Kalemegdan | |
 | |
| 44°49′12.54″N20°27′12.312″E / 44.8201500°N 20.45342000°E /44.8201500; 20.45342000 | |
| Location | Belgrade, Serbia |
| Type | Public Library |
| Established | 1931; 94 years ago (1931) |
| Collection | |
| Items collected | books, newspapers, magazines,sound and music recordings,databases,maps,prints, drawings andmanuscripts |
| Size | 1,5M items (approx.) |
| Other information | |
| Director | Jasmina Ninkov[1] |
| Website | www |
| Location within Belgrade | |
Belgrade City Library (Serbian:Библиотека града Београда,romanized: Biblioteka grada Beograda (BGB)) is apublic library inBelgrade, the capital ofSerbia. It is a parent library for more than a dozen municipal libraries and their branches.[2] It is also the largest lending library in Serbia.[3] It is located in the center of the city, in the pedestrian zone ofKnez Mihailova Street, next to the shopping mall.[4]
Belgrade City Library was founded in 1931. In 1989, the majority of municipal libraries in the territory of the City of Belgrade decided to unite and form a single network of libraries. Presently, Belgrade City Library comprises 13 municipal libraries operating in the territory of the City of Belgrade. Headquarters are located at 56Knez Mihailova Street, in an edifice known as Serbian Crown, a cultural monument that was given the status of immovable cultural property in 1981.
The overall size of Belgrade City Library holdings exceeds 1,500,000 items. Library operates approximately 70 facilities, covering an area of 13,000 square meters, and has more than 140,000 users. It is a partner in the most important European cultural projects.[5]
Belgrade City Library is divided into these organisational units:
Special collections department comprises the Periodicals Collection,[6] the Old and Rare Books and Books about Belgrade Collection[7] and the Children's Collection. Presently, the Department for Old and Rare Books and Books on Belgrade holds more than 20.000 titles.[5]
Children's Department has been in existence since the foundation of Belgrade City Library in 1931. Today, there is one operational children's department, namely "Čika Jova Zmaj" ("Uncle Jova Zmaj", named after a children's poetJovan Jovanović Zmaj), with holdings comprising around 30,000 items. The department enrolled approximately 3,000 users last year. Neven Children's Department is expected to reopen in the near future, although that is not known for certain.
The Department has been implementing a variety of programmes and actively working with children. "Secret" was the title of a project run by "Čika Jova Zmaj" Children's Department that was awarded first prize at the 2009Biblionet as the best library project in Serbia 2006–2009. Another project, "Book is a Picture Gallery", was presented at the 75thIFLA Congress[8] inMilan as a poster session.
In addition, two municipal libraries ("Đorđe Jovanović" inStari Grad and "Ilija Garašanin" inGrocka) have their own special children's departments and implement a variety of programmes.[9]
Ever since Belgrade had become thecapital of thePrincipality of Serbia, its municipal authorities had been facing growing demands for building a People's House to accommodate alibrary and reading room. BeforeWorld War I, Belgrade Town Hall Building had a professional library on its premises. The library comprised a single room and was used for official purposes of the municipality. On October 24, 1930, a decision was passed to establish a municipal library and a museum.Marija Ilić Agapova, PhD was appointed librarian and two years later, she was promoted to librarian-administrator.[11]
On January 11, 1931, when the library opened its doors, Belgrade got a modern urban library. Following the example of other European libraries of the day, books were classified and arranged according to the principles of theUniversal Decimal Classification and training courses for librarians were run for the first time. In the same year, theKingdom of Yugoslavia saw the opening of its first Children's Reading Room. The library was open to the general public and anybody could use its resources. Books could be borrowed with an ID card (a library card) and were lent out free of charge. Library cards for children were embellished with an illustration byBeta Vukanović and were inscribed with an excerpt from the 1924Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child.
The 1941German Bombing of Belgrade caused untold damage to the library, reducing the building to rubble and destroying invaluable cultural heritage. As a result of Nazi firebomb raids, the roof of the building that used to house the library at the time was destroyed by the flames, along with its last floor. The Children's Library was in operation throughout the war and library services became available to other users as well in early 1943. AfterWorld War II, the library started regular operation on January 18, 1945. Library holdings increased from 20,000 units at the end of the war to 39,813 in 1948.
Until 1953, the Belgrade City Library did not have a complex internal structure. Then, divisions were set up in 1954 and the Library Centre was established in 1955. The goal was to create a single network of public libraries across municipalities. Under the provisions of the Libraries Act, the Belgrade City Library has been designated parent library for libraries operating in the territory of the City of Belgrade since 1961. In October 1986, Library moved into new premises, the building of the formerSerbian Crown Hotel located at 56Knez Mihailova Street, where it is still situated. Serbian poetDesanka Maksimović opened the new building of Belgrade City Library at an official ceremony. The Belgrade City Library was the first public lending library in which cataloguing was computerized in theSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Following areferendum held on 9 January 1989, employees of 12 out of 16 municipal libraries (joined by an additional two afterwards) voted in favor of integration, turning Belgrade City Library into a single network of libraries.[12]
Belgrade City Library headquarters are located in a building that used to be a hotel called Serbian Crown, acultural monument granted the status of immovable cultural property in 1981. On the premises of headquarters, there are, in addition to the circulation desk, two reading rooms, the book storage and administrative premises, the Roman Hall, Atrium Gallery, Vuk's Hall and the Art Department's Reading Room.
The building in which Belgrade City Library is presently situated was onceSerbian Crown Hotel built around 1867 as the most modern, emblematic and best-furnished hotel in Belgrade at the time. In the history of Belgrade's architecture, the building of Serbian Crown Hotel marked the beginning of a vigorous process ofEuropeanisation of the city in the latter half of the 19th century. The architecture of the building is typical of the eclecticism of the late 1800s, incorporating a mixture of theRenaissance and other previous historical styles. It is not known who was the architect who designed the building. In 1986, the edifice was remodelled to accommodate Belgrade City Library. The building has preserved its original appearance to this day.[13] In the same year building was reconstructed for the purposes of Belgrade City Library and has maintained its original appearance.[14]
The Roman Hall is a unique venue with an in situarchaeological site and alapidarium displaying exhibits such as statues, altars, stelae and other 2nd to 4th-century AD stone sculptures and ceramics originating from theSingidunum area and theDanube Basin in theRoman province ofUpper Moesia.
During the 1983-1986 renovation of the building, remains of an even older structure were discovered due to the lowering of the level of the basement floor. Archaeologists found that the remains were actually parts of ramparts foundation and a main gate tower of a Roman fort located in the Upper Town ofBelgrade Fortress. As a result of that important discovery, modifications had been made to the design and the Library got the Roman Hall intended for staging public events instead of a book depository.[15]
The library building has arectangular base and is structured around an inner courtyard that was mostly covered with a roof and turned into an exhibition venue during the renovation of 1986. The central part of the gallery venue features amosaic floor known as the Prizren Mosaic, a unique work of art created by the artistAleksandar Tomašević.
The Atrium Gallery opened in 1987. It hosts both collective and solo exhibitions of works of fine art by renowned international and national artists. In addition to fine arts exhibitions, the Gallery organizes literary and anniversary exhibitions.
Many famous artists have exhibited their works in the Gallery, such asMilan Konjović,Olja Ivanjicki,Vasa Pomorišac,Jugoslav Vlahović,Milan Stašević,Slobodan Sotirov,Cvetko Lainović,Petar Omčikus,Ljuba Popović,Milorad Bata Mihailović,Radomir Reljić,Milan Cile Marinković, andVladimir Veličković.[16]
Vuk's Hall is located on the first floor of the Library. It is an actual gallery that exhibits paintings depicting Belgrade. It has been named after its central painting, a portrait of Vuk Karadzic done byBeta Vukanović. The Hall is presently used to host press conferences, seminars, lectures and similar events.[17]
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