Airport in China
Beijing Daxing International Airport
北京大兴国际机场
Aerial photo, February 2023
Summary Airport type Public / military Owner/Operator Beijing Capital International Airport Company Limited Serves Jing-Jin-Ji Beijing Location Opened Opening ceremony: September 25, 2019; 6 years ago (2019-09-25 ) [ 1] First commercial flight: September 26, 2019; 6 years ago (2019-09-26 ) [ 2] Hub forFocus city forHebei Airlines Time zone China Standard Time (+8)Elevation AMSL 98 ft / 30 m Coordinates 39°30′33″N 116°24′38″E / 39.50917°N 116.41056°E /39.50917; 116.41056 Website www .bdia .com .cn Map Location in Beijing
Show map of Beijing Location in Hebei
Show map of Hebei Location in China
Show map of China Runways Direction Length Surface m ft 01L/19R 3,400 11,155 Concrete 17L/35R 3,800 12,467 Concrete 17R/35L 3,800 12,467 Concrete 11L/29R 3,800 12,467 Concrete
Statistics (2023[ 3] ) Total passengers 39,410,776 Aircraft movements 293,143 Cargo (metric tonne) 244,080.5
Source:http://news.carnoc.com/list/479/479279.html
China Eastern Airlines check-in counters Beijing Daxing International Airport (IATA :PKX ,ICAO :ZBAD ) is one of twointernational airports servingBeijing , the capital ofChina (the other being the busierBeijing Capital International Airport ).[ 4] [ 5]
The airport is located on the border ofBeijing andLangfang , Hebei. It has been nicknamed "thestarfish ".[ 6] It was completed on 30 June 2019, and began operations on 26 September 2019.[ 7] [ 8] [ 9] [ 10] Beijing Daxing covers an expanse of 2,679hectares (6,620acres ) and has four civilian runways and one military runway.[ 11]
The airport is 46 kilometers (29 mi) south ofTiananmen Square , 26 kilometers (16 mi) west of downtownLangfang , 50 kilometers (31 mi) northeast ofXiong'an New Area , and 65 kilometers (40 mi) south ofBeijing Capital International Airport , and servesBeijing, Tianjin and Hebei .[ 12] It is a hub forSkyTeam alliance airlines and someOneworld members, whileHainan Airlines and mostStar Alliance members have remained atBeijing Capital International Airport .[ 13]
After almost five years of construction, theCN¥ 80 billion (US$11.4 billion)[ 14] [ 15] facility features a 700,000 m2 (7,500,000 sq ft)terminal , the world's largest single-building airport terminal,[ 16] [ 17] [ 18] [ 19] [ 20] and sits on 47 km2 (18 sq mi) of land. The airport won awards for best hygiene measures and best in size and region in 2020, and both awards plus Voice of the Customer in 2021 byAirports Council International .[ 21] [ 22]
Development history [ edit ] A third airport for Beijing was proposed in 2008.[ 23] By 2012, the existingBeijing Capital International Airport was running at near its full design capacity.[ 24] [ 25]
Early media reports in September 2011 suggested that there could be up to nine runways at the new airport: eight runways for civil aviation plus one runway dedicated to military usage.[ 26] [ 27] [ 28] [ 29] It would replaceBeijing Capital International Airport (which had 83 million passengers in 2013, second most in the world) as the main airport of Beijing, and be the largest in China. The airport was planned to be able to handle 120 to 200 million passengers a year, which, if capacity were fully used, would make it theworld's busiest airport by passenger traffic , surpassingHartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport by far.[ 30]
Approval for construction [ edit ] Official approval for construction by National Development and Reform Commission on 22 December 2014.[ 31] [ 32] It called for an airport to be constructed in the southern part ofDaxing District of Beijing, along the border of Beijing andHebei Province. No design or plans were released due to ongoing negotiations. It was stated that it would consist of 7 runways, 6 for civilian use and 1 for military purposes. Construction has been completed as of September 2019[ 33] with a capacity of handling 75 million passengers by 2025. The cost of construction was initially estimated to be at least 70 billion RMB (US$11.2 billion), including the 37 km (23 mi)Beijing–Xiong'an intercity railway (Beijing section), toBeijing West railway station .[ 23] [ 34]
Design and contractors [ edit ] The airport's master plan was prepared by NACO (Netherlands Airport Consultants)[ 35] and will feature a ground transportation hub providing the airport with public transportation links to high-speed rail, metro, expressways, Beijing Airport Bus routes, local buses and inter-airport transportation system.[ 36] The terminal building was designed by British architectsZaha Hadid Architects ,[ 37] [ 38] French plannersADPI [ 39] and partners, and executed by the Beijing Institute of Architectural Design (BIAD). It consists of a central hub with six curved spokes.[ 40] The façade was designed by XinShan Curtainwall and Beijing Institute of Architectural Design.Arup was subcontracted by Beijing Institute of Architectural Design as the fire engineering consultant,[ 41] while China IPPR International Engineering was responsible for security system and baggage system designs.[ 42] BuroHappold Engineering , as part of the consortium, worked with the architects to integrate engineering solutions into the design of the airport.[ 41]
Hong Kong design studio Lead 8 was appointed as lead designer of the integrated service building (the sixth pier) in 2018. The terminal, according to Lead 8, will encompass "a purposeful design of work spaces, with integrated retail, dining, and entertainment options for the large number of passengers expected," with plans to incorporate interactive pet hotels, a childcare and nursery, hybrid online retail and dining, and a showroom for companies.[ 43]
Other contractors involved in the project include China Electronics Engineering Design Institute, Civil Aviation Electronic Technology, The Third Rail Survey and Design Institute Group Corporation (TSDI China), Beijing City Construction Design Research General Institute and Beijing General Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute.[ 42]
Beijing TsingHua TonHeng Urban Planning and Design Institute, Central Academy of Fine Arts, Dtree, Lea-Elliot, Lighting Design Studio, and East Sign Design & Engineering were also involved in the project.[ 42]
Suppliers include Xsight Systems, T-Systems, Schindler, Thales, Beijing EasySky Technology and Oasys.[ 42]
In January 2019, the airport entered the final construction phase. Construction of the airport began on 26 December 2014,[ 44] and was led by chief engineer Guo Yanchi.[ 45] By March 2017, the terminal had its concrete structure capped.[ 46] On 23 January 2019, the firstflight inspection began to be carried out and was expected to be completed in March.
On 30 June 2019, the airport officially finished construction and was in preparation for its September opening. The construction of the airport itself costCN¥ 120bn (approximately US$17bn ), with other projects in the periphery costing CN¥330bn (US$46.2bn), giving a total cost of CN¥450bn (US$63bn).[ 41]
Atrium of airport where the opening ceremony was held The airport opened on 25 September 2019—just six days before the70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China —in a ceremony attended by theChinese president andGeneral Secretary of the Communist Party Xi Jinping .[ 47] [ 48] Inaugural flights from seven Chinese airlines began later in the afternoon,[ 49] although flights operating out of the airport on the day were member-only, with the first official flight out of the airport anAirbus A380 operated byChina Southern Airlines .[ 50] [ 51] Flights for the public began the following day on 26 September 2019.[ 8] The first commercial flight landed at Beijing Daxing at 10:12 (UTC+8), 26 September 2019.[ 7]
The airport serves as the hub forChina United Airlines immediately after its opening and all their services have been relocated to Beijing Daxing. Others, such asChina Eastern Airlines andChina Southern Airlines , will also relocate.[ 8] [ 52]
Upon opening of the Daxing Airport,Beijing Nanyuan Airport , the oldest airport in China, closed on the same day. A military airfield will coexist in Daxing, as was the case in Nanyuan.
Service development [ edit ] Concourse A Interior of Beijing Daxing International Airport It was initially planned for airlines of theSkyTeam alliance to be relocated to the new airport, whileStar Alliance airlines would remain at Capital, effectively making both airports hubs.[ 53] This was confirmed in 2016, when theCivil Aviation Administration of China announced thatChina Southern Airlines ,China Eastern Airlines andXiamenAir along with otherSkyTeam airlines would move to the new airport, whileAir China and otherStar Alliance carriers would remain at Capital.[ 54] China Southern, China Eastern andBeijing Capital Airlines ' intentions to move to Daxing were confirmed by a Xinhua report in December 2017.[ 55]
Ten passenger airlines (China Southern Airlines ,China United Airlines ,Shanghai Airlines ,Beijing Capital Airlines ,Hebei Airlines ,Spring Airlines ,Okay Airways ,Juneyao Airlines ,XiamenAir andDonghai Airlines ) and one cargo airline (China Postal Airlines ) signed agreements with the Capital Airport Group to enter the new airport.[citation needed ]
CAAC required each Mainland Chinese airline (other thanChina Postal Airlines ) to serve only one Beijing-area airport following the opening of Daxing, but allowed foreign airlines (includingHong Kong ,Macau andTaiwan -based airlines) to operate from both airports if they wished to do so.[ 56] China Eastern Group and China Southern Group were each allocated 40% of landing slots with the remaining 20% for smaller Mainland China and international airlines. However, on 1 May 2019, this plan was changed by CAAC, with China Eastern Group relinquishing 10% of its allocated slots (to give it 30% of slots) to Air China Group in exchange for the China Eastern group continuing to operate its Shanghai-Beijing flights at Beijing Capital Airport.[ 57]
SkyTeam members are slowly moving services to Daxing.XiamenAir has relocated their routes to Daxing. In June 2020,Aeroflot ended flights from Capital in favor of Daxing. Similarly,China Eastern Airlines has shifted all of its operations to Daxing except for flights to Shanghai-Hongqiao. However, their plan to launch new international routes to Paris and Tokyo at the end of March 2020 have not been realised because of theCOVID-19 pandemic . Furthermore,Delta Air Lines announced their intention to move at the end of April 2020, but are currently delayed by the slow reopening ofChina-US flight allocations .
TheOneworld alliance announced in February 2019, that its member airlines were considering a formal co-location scheme at Daxing,[ 58] particularly as many of them, now have codeshare partnerships withChina Southern . Alliance members,British Airways andMalaysia Airlines moved their London-Heathrow and Kuala Lumpur to Beijing flights to Daxing.[ 59] S7 Airlines moved two of its five Russian destinations to Daxing from Capital on March 29, 2020 while suspending the other three.Qatar Airways announced its intention to move to Daxing between June and August 2020 and is currently flying out of the airport.[ 60] Royal Air Maroc which joined the alliance on 1 April 2020 already operates out of Daxing. However,Cathay Pacific has decided to maintain its flights at Capital.[ 61] Finnair , which flew from Helsinki-to-Daxing while retaining a daily flight to Capital, has suspended both routes because of Russian airspace bans as a result of theRussian invasion of Ukraine .
Some foreignStar Alliance airlines are joining full member Air China and connecting partner Juneyao at Daxing. In January 2020,LOT Polish launched a 4-weekly flight from Warsaw, complementing its three-weekly flight to Capital.Lufthansa andSwiss International Air Lines initially announced in the same month that they would move their Frankfurt-Beijing and Zurich-Beijing flights from Capital to Daxing at the end of March 2020. However, these plans have not yet materialize because of the lingering effects on Chinese aviation brought by theCOVID-19 pandemic .[ 62]
On 25 October 2020, China Southern Airlines transferred all its Beijing flights to Daxing Airport.[ 63]
Airport layout The first phase of the airport project is designed with a target of 72 million passengers,[ 64] 2 million tons of cargo and mail,[ 64] and 620,000 aircraft movements in the long term.
Technological features of the airport include radio frequency identification for baggage tracking, geothermal heat pumps for heating and cooling, and facial recognition security access.[ 65] : 206
Airlines and destinations [ edit ] Airlines Destinations 9 Air Guangzhou Aeroflot Irkutsk ,[ 66] Krasnoyarsk–International ,[ 66] Moscow–Sheremetyevo ,Vladivostok [ 67] Air China Bayannur ,[ 68] Bazhong ,[ 69] Changchun ,Changsha ,[ 70] Chengdu–Tianfu ,Chongqing ,Daqing ,Guangzhou ,Guilin ,Guiyang ,Haikou ,Hangzhou ,Harbin ,Hong Kong ,[ 71] [ 72] Jiamusi ,[ 73] Jieyang ,[ 74] Jingdezhen ,Jinggangshan ,Kunming ,Lanzhou ,Mianyang ,Nanchang ,Nanjing ,Nantong ,Ningbo ,Qiqihar ,Quzhou ,Ruijin ,[ 75] Seoul–Incheon ,[ 76] Shanghai–Pudong ,Shenyang ,Shenzhen ,Shiyan ,[ 77] Taizhou ,Tongliao ,Weihai ,[ 78] Wenzhou ,Wuhai ,Wuhan ,[ 77] Xiamen ,Xi'an ,Xilinhot ,Yancheng ,[ 79] Yangzhou ,Yanji ,Yibin ,[ 80] Yichang ,[ 81] Yinchuan ,Yuncheng ,[ 82] Zhangjiajie ,Zhuhai Air Macau Macau Air Travel Changsha AirAsia Kota Kinabalu AirAsia X Kuala Lumpur–International Aurora Khabarovsk ,Vladivostok Seasonal: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk [ 83] Beijing Capital Airlines Arxan ,[ 84] Changsha ,[ 85] Chongqing ,Erenhot ,[ 86] Haikou ,Hangzhou ,Kunming ,Lijiang ,Malé ,Panzhihua ,[ 87] Qitai ,[ 88] Sanya ,Sapporo–Chitose ,[ 89] Ürümqi ,Xining ,[ 90] Xishuangbanna ,Yinchuan ,[ 88] Yushu Cambodia Airways Phnom Penh Chengdu Airlines Chengdu–Shuangliu [ 91] China Eastern Airlines Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi ,[ 92] Changsha ,[ 93] Changzhou ,Chengdu–Shuangliu ,[ 94] Chengdu–Tianfu ,Chongqing ,Dali ,Dalian ,Dunhuang ,Enshi ,Guangzhou ,Guiyang ,[ 93] Haikou ,Hangzhou ,Hanoi ,Harbin ,Hefei ,Hong Kong ,[ 95] Jiagedaqi ,Jiayuguan ,Kobe ,[ 96] Korla ,[ 93] Kuala Lumpur–International ,[ 97] Kunming ,Lanzhou ,Lijiang ,[ 93] Lincang ,[ 98] Linyi ,Macau ,Mangshi ,[ 99] Moscow–Sheremetyevo ,Muscat (begins 30 November 2025),[ 100] Nanchang ,Nanjing ,Ningbo ,Osaka–Kansai ,Phu Quoc ,[ 101] Qianjiang ,Qingdao ,Qionghai ,Sanya ,Seoul–Incheon ,Shanghai–Hongqiao ,[ 102] Shanghai–Pudong ,Shenzhen ,Singapore ,[ 103] Tacheng ,[ 104] Tokyo–Haneda ,[ 105] Ürümqi ,Wuhan ,Wuxi ,Xiamen ,Xi'an ,Xining ,[ 90] Xishuangbanna ,[ 106] Yinchuan ,Zhanjiang ,Zhaotong ,Zhuhai China Southern Airlines Almaty ,[ 107] Altay ,[ 108] Amsterdam ,[ 109] Baise ,[ 110] Bishkek ,[ 111] Changchun ,Changde ,[ 112] Changsha ,Chengdu–Shuangliu ,Chengdu–Tianfu ,[ 113] Chongqing ,Dalian ,Daqing ,Dhaka ,[ 114] Doha ,[ 115] Dushanbe ,[ 116] Fuzhou ,Ganzhou ,Guangzhou ,Guilin ,Guiyang ,Haikou ,Hangzhou ,Harbin ,Hefei ,[ 117] Heihe ,Hong Kong ,Istanbul ,Jieyang ,Jingzhou ,[ 118] Kashgar ,Korla ,Kunming ,Lanzhou ,London–Heathrow ,Macau ,[ 119] Mohe ,Moscow–Sheremetyevo ,[ 120] Nanchong ,Nanning ,Ningbo ,Osaka–Kansai ,Riyadh ,[ 121] Sanya ,Seoul–Gimpo ,Seoul–Incheon ,Shanghai–Hongqiao ,Shanghai–Pudong ,Shaoguan ,Shenyang ,Shenzhen ,Tashkent ,Tehran–Imam Khomeini ,[ 122] Tokyo–Haneda ,Tokyo–Narita ,[ 123] Ürümqi ,Wenshan ,[ 124] Wenzhou ,[ 125] Wuhan ,Wulong ,[ 126] Xiamen ,Xi'an ,Xining ,[ 127] Yining ,[ 128] Yiwu ,Yutian ,[ 129] Zhuhai ,Zunyi–Xinzhou Seasonal: Melbourne ,[ 130] Sydney [ 130] China United Airlines Ankang ,Anshan ,[ 131] Anshun ,Baicheng ,Beihai ,[ 132] Bijie ,Changbaishan ,Chengdu–Tianfu ,Chenzhou ,Chizhou ,Dongying ,Foshan ,Fuzhou ,Haikou ,Hailar ,[ 132] Hangzhou ,[ 133] Hanzhong ,Harbin ,Huaihua ,Huizhou ,[ 85] Jieyang ,[ 85] Kunming ,Kuqa ,[ 110] Lanzhou ,Longyan ,Lüliang ,Luzhou ,[ 134] Meizhou ,[ 135] Ningbo ,[ 136] Ordos ,Osaka–Kansai ,[ 137] Qiqihar ,Quanzhou ,Shanghai–Hongqiao ,Shanghai–Pudong ,Shenzhen ,Songyuan ,[ 132] Tongren ,Turpan ,Ulanhot ,Ürümqi ,Vientiane ,[ 138] Vladivostok ,[ 139] Wenzhou ,Wuhu ,Wuzhou ,Xiamen ,Xiangxi ,[ 140] Xingyi ,[ 132] Xining ,[ 127] Yanji ,Yichun (Heilongjiang) ,Yiwu ,[ 141] Yongzhou ,Yulin (Shaanxi) ,Zhangye ,Zhanjiang ,[ 85] Zhoushan ,Zhuhai Chongqing Airlines Chongqing ,[ 142] Diqing [ 142] Colorful Guizhou Airlines Guiyang [ 85] Dalian Airlines Dalian [ 143] Donghai Airlines Changzhi ,Shenzhen ,Yichang [ 144] Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi Hebei Airlines Changsha ,Chengdu–Tianfu ,Chongqing ,Guilin ,Guiyang ,Guyuan ,Hailar ,[ 145] Jinchang ,Kunming ,[ 146] Longnan ,Nanning ,[ 85] Ningbo ,[ 147] Qingyang ,Quanzhou ,[ 148] Ürümqi ,[ 146] Yinchuan ,Zhalantun ,Zhuhai ,[ 146] Zunyi–Xinzhou Himalaya Airlines Kathmandu HK Express Hong Kong [ 149] [ 150] Hong Kong Airlines Hong Kong [ 151] Hunnu Air Ulaanbaatar [ 152] Jeju Air Jeju [ 153] Jiangxi Air Nanchang [ 154] Juneyao Air Jeju ,[ 155] Nagoya–Centrair ,[ 156] Osaka–Kansai ,[ 156] Shanghai–Hongqiao Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur–International Qanot Sharq Tashkent [ 157] Qatar Airways Doha Qingdao Airlines Xichang ,[ 158] Xishuangbanna [ 158] Royal Air Maroc Casablanca [ 159] Royal Air Philippines Charter: Kalibo [ 160] Royal Brunei Airlines Bandar Seri Begawan [ 161] S7 Airlines Irkutsk ,Novosibirsk ,Vladivostok [ 162] Saudia Dammam ,[ 163] Jeddah ,Riyadh SereneAir Islamabad [ 164] Shanghai Airlines Shanghai–Hongqiao Singapore Airlines Singapore [ 165] Spring Airlines Jeju T'way Air Seoul–Incheon [ 166] Thai AirAsia Bangkok–Don Mueang [ 167] Thai Lion Air Bangkok–Don Mueang [ 168] Thai VietJet Air Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi [ 169] [ 170] Ural Airlines Irkutsk ,[ 171] Vladivostok ,[ 172] Yekaterinburg VietJet Air Hanoi ,[ 173] [ 174] Ho Chi Minh City [ 175] [ 174] Vietnam Airlines Hanoi ,[ 176] Ho Chi Minh City [ 177] [ 176] XiamenAir Changsha ,Chongqing ,Doha ,[ 178] Fuzhou ,Haikou ,Hangzhou ,Jiayuguan ,[ 179] Luzhou ,Quanzhou ,Sanming ,Sanya ,Shanghai–Pudong ,Shenzhen ,Ürümqi ,Vientiane ,[ 138] Wuyishan ,[ 180] Xiamen ,Yinchuan
Ground transportation [ edit ] The airport is linked to the city through various means of transportation, and a ground transportation center was constructed beneath the terminal building for this purpose.[ 183] Two underground railway stations (forBeijing–Xiong'an intercity railway andIntercity Railway Connector )[ 184] and three metro stations (Daxing Airport Express ,Line 20 (Line R4) and another planned metro line)[ 184] were built beneath the terminal building. Currently, only one of the metro lines (Daxing Airport Express ) and one of the railway lines (Beijing–Xiong'an intercity railway ) are in operation. The airport is also served by a highway system includingBeijing Daxing Airport Expressway [zh ] andBeijing Daxing Airport North Line Expressway [zh ] connecting the airport and Beijing city.[ 185]
This section needs to beupdated . Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (October 2025 )
Waiting room of Intercity Railway Daxing Airport Station A high-speed railway service, theBeijing–Xiong'an intercity railway starts fromBeijing West railway station . It will connect the urban area of Beijing,Daxing District of Beijing,Bazhou , andXiong'an to the new airport. The section between the airport to Beijing will operate at speeds of 250 km/h (160 mph) and the section between the airport toXiong'an will operate at speeds of 350 km/h (220 mph).[ 186] The airport-to-Beijing section was opened on 26 September 2019,[ 187] while the airport-to-Xiong'an section is expected to open in late 2020.[needs update ] [ 188] It will take 28 minutes fromBeijing West railway station to the new airport.[ 189]
Another intercity railway, theIntercity Railway Connector , will connectLangfang ,Yizhuang , Beijing Sub-administrative Center inTongzhou District andBeijing Capital International Airport to Daxing Airport. Phase I of the intercity railway connector (Daxing Airport to Langfang East railway station) is under construction. Phase 1 of the railway will be finished in December 2022.[needs update ] [ 190] The speed will be 200 km/h.[ 190] [ 191]
Another high-speed railway service, theTianjin–Daxing Airport intercity railway , will connectTianjin West railway station with Daxing Airport.[ 192] Operation is projected to commence in the first half of 2023.[needs update ] [ 193] The speed will be 250 km/h.[ 192]
Platform of the subway station TheDaxing Airport Express of theBeijing Subway connects the airport to the urban area of Beijing and began operation on 26 September 2019.[ 194] The line linksCaoqiao station onLine 10 to the airport. Initially, only the Caoqiao-to-airport segment was opened, with a northern extension toLize Shangwuqu scheduled to begin construction in 2020[ 195] and finish in 2022.[ 196] A southern extension of the line, also known asLine R1 of Xiong'an Rail Transit [zh ] (or Xiong'an to Daxing Airport Express), from Daxing Airport to Xiong'an Terminal is under construction.[ 197] [ 198]
In the long term planning of the Beijing Subway,Line 20 (Line R4) of the Beijing Subway is planned to terminate at the new airport.[ 199]
Below is the passenger data and development for Beijing Daxing International Airport as of year 2022:
Passenger statistics at Beijing Daxing International Airport Year Total passenger Passenger % change 20191 3,135,074[ 200] 2020 16,091,449[ 201] 413.3%2021 25,051,012 35.7%2022 10,277,623 59.0%2023 39,410,776[ 202] 283.5%
^1 : 2019 statistics correspond to the last four months of 2019 since the opening of the airport.
Climate data for Beijing Daxing International Airport (2020 - 2023 normals, extremes 2019–present) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C (°F) 13.0 (55.4) 24.0 (75.2) 27.0 (80.6) 33.0 (91.4) 36.0 (96.8) 42.0 (107.6) 40.0 (104.0) 38.0 (100.4) 37.0 (98.6) 31.0 (87.8) 20.0 (68.0) 14.0 (57.2) 42.0 (107.6) Daily mean °C (°F) −3.4 (25.9) 0.6 (33.1) 8.1 (46.6) 15.0 (59.0) 20.8 (69.4) 25.9 (78.6) 27.2 (81.0) 26.5 (79.7) 21.8 (71.2) 13.4 (56.1) 5.4 (41.7) −3.2 (26.2) 13.2 (55.7) Record low °C (°F) −23.0 (−9.4) −18.0 (−0.4) −9.0 (15.8) −3.0 (26.6) 3.0 (37.4) 11.0 (51.8) 15.0 (59.0) 12.0 (53.6) 6.0 (42.8) −2.0 (28.4) −13.0 (8.6) −22.0 (−7.6) −23.0 (−9.4) Averagerelative humidity (%) 54 52 49 44 53 54 73 77 71 60 58 54 58 Source:Weather archive in Beijing Daxing (airport), METAR
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Note: bold indicates international airports.