Bayonville is located some 40 km south by south-east ofCharleville-Mézières and 15 km south-west ofStenay. Access to the commune is by the D12 road fromBuzancy in the north-west which passes through the centre of the commune and the village and continues south-east toBantheville - changing to the D15 at the departmental border. Another D15 comes fromTailly in the north-east and goes south through the commune and the village continuing toImécourt in the south-west. The D55 goes south from the village toLandres-et-Saint-Georges. Apart from the village there are the hamlets of Chennery and Landreville. The commune is mostly farmland with some forest in the east and north.[5][6]
TheAgron river flows through the south-east of the commune from north-east to south-west where it continues a meandering path to join theAire south-west ofSaint-Juvin. TheRuisseau du Wassieux flows south-west through the commune and continues south-west to join the Agron near Imécourt. TheFurba rises in the north-east of the commune and flows south-west to join the Agron at Landreville.[5][6]
Bayonville was attested in the Latinised formBaionis villa in 960. The derivation is undoubtedly from the "Domain of Baio", a Germanic personal name (cf.Bayonvillers)
Bayonville appears asBayonville on the 1750Cassini Map[7] and the same on the 1790 version.[8]
TheChateau of Landreville (1567) is registered as an historical monument.[12] The interior decor (16th century) is registered as an historical object.[13]