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Bayombong | |
|---|---|
| Municipality of Bayombong | |
.jpg) Poblacion area | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Map of Nueva Vizcaya with Bayombong highlighted | |
 Interactive map of Bayombong | |
.svg)  Bayombong Location within thePhilippines | |
| Coordinates:16°29′N121°09′E / 16.48°N 121.15°E /16.48; 121.15 | |
| Country | Philippines |
| Region | Cagayan Valley |
| Province | Nueva Vizcaya |
| District | Lone district |
| Founded | 12 June 1739 |
| Barangays | 25 (seeBarangays) |
| Government | |
| • Type | Sangguniang Bayan |
| • Mayor | Antonio Sergio G. Bagasao |
| • Vice Mayor | Ramon T. Cabauatan |
| • Representative | Timothy Joseph Cayton (Aksyon) |
| • Municipal Council | Members
|
| • Electorate | 40,264 voters (2025) |
| Area | |
• Total | 163.36 km2 (63.07 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 342 m (1,122 ft) |
| Highest elevation | 770 m (2,530 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 254 m (833 ft) |
| Population (2024 census)[4] | |
• Total | 72,890 |
| • Density | 446.2/km2 (1,156/sq mi) |
| • Households | 18,012 |
| Economy | |
| • Income class | 1st municipal income class |
| • Poverty incidence | 6.21 |
| • Revenue | ₱ 325.5 million (2022) |
| • Assets | ₱ 559.1 million (2022) |
| • Expenditure | ₱ 220.7 million (2022) |
| • Liabilities | ₱ 125.5 million (2022) |
| Service provider | |
| • Electricity | Nueva Vizcaya Electric Cooperative (NUVELCO) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (PST) |
| ZIP code | 3700 |
| PSGC | |
| IDD : area code | +63 (0)78 |
| Native languages | Gaddang Ilocano Tagalog |
| Website | nuevavizcaya |
Bayombong, officially theMunicipality of Bayombong (Gaddang:Ili na Bayombong;Ilocano:Ili ti Bayombong;Tagalog:Bayan ng Bayombong), is amunicipality and capital of theprovince ofNueva Vizcaya,Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 72,890 people.[6]
Bayombong is the seat of the provincial capitol and the most populous town of Nueva Vizcaya. The name Bayombong emanated from theGaddang word “Bayongyong” which means the confluence of two or more rivers. It has been reported that a certain tribe arrived and tried to invade the place, which caused the outbreak of the first tribal war in the area. The site was renamed “Bayumbung” as a sign of theGaddangs' first victory in fighting for their private domains.
The Gaddang phrase "Bayongyong," which denotes the confluence of two prominent rivers, is where the name Bayombong originated. According to a different interpretation, "bayongyong" refers to a bamboo pole approximately 2 meters long that is used to transport fresh water from wells constructed along riverbanks. When Spanish missionaries spotted the Gaddangs, they were forming long lines and carrying water-filled bamboo poles on their shoulders. When the friars asked about the bamboo water jugs, the carriers answered in unison with "Bayongyong." It was in 1739 when Spanish Augustinian Friars named the place "Bayumbung", which was later changed into Bayombong.
Bayombong is located in the southeastern portion of the current barangays of La Torre North and South, where the Magat River flows. Prior to Spanish colonization, the town was inhabited by theIfugaos and Gaddangs.
Around 1718 there were tribal clashes between the Ifugaos, the Gaddangs and the Maalats from Isabela, with the Gaddangs gaining the upper hand and displacing the other tribes.[7]
Bayombong was formally founded on April 12, 1739, during the firstCatholic mass celebrated in the region, officiated by Father Pedro Freire in a makeshift chapel at the foot of the Bangan Hill. Bayombong came under the administration of Dominican friars as a part of the Paniqui mission a few months after its founding. The pueblo census of 1747 records 470 residents.[8] The names of those considered to be founding fathers of Bayombong were Ramon Cabauatan, Jacinto Gadingan, Vicente Saquing, Ignacio Abuag, Mariano Danao, Domingo Bayaua, a certain Bincatan and a certain Mamuric. All of them wereGaddangs. Their names are remembered today in major streets of the town.
In 1754, the local government was formally organized. ACapitan del Pueblo was appointed as the chief executive. In 1982, the town became the seat of the newDiocese of Bayombong.
From 1773 to 1792, Fray Juan Crespo constructed the brick St. Dominic's church, the convent, and the cemetery next to the church, and started the octagonal tower. By 1829, Fray Juan Molano finished the tower. In 1880 the church building was damaged in an earthquake, while in 1987, a fire destroyed the church and convent. During the1990 Luzon earthquake, the church belfry collapsed.
In 1789, the title of the chief executive was changed toGobernadorcillo. In 1893, the title was changed toCapitan Municipal. During the revolutionary government in 1898, thePresidente Local was chief executive of the town but this was again changed to Mayor in 1937 as per provision of theCommonwealth Constitution.
Bayombong became the provincial capital of Nueva Vizcaya in 1856, when the old capital of Camarag (now Echague) became part of the newly-established province of Isabela.[9]
On November 28, 1899, during thePhilippine–American War, General Fernando Canon surrendered his 300-man battalion, plus 139 Spanish and 14 American prisoners, to 2nd Lt. James N. Munro's 53 men of the 4th Cavalry.[10]: 148–149 Included in the release were William Rynders and Orrison Woodbury, captured with the rest of Lt. Gillmore's men during theSiege of Baler.[10]: 149
In 1916, the American administration started a farm settlement school in Bayombong. In 1918, a high-school curriculum was added, and the school was named Bayombong Rural School.
In 1928, Father de Gryse started St. Mary's, a Catholic elementary school. In 1930, Bayombong Rural School was re-purposed as Nueva Vizcaya Rural High School (NVRHS), and in 1934 St. Mary's added a high-school department.
DuringWorld War II, theJapanese invaded the Philippines and turned Bayombong into a hub for sexual slavery. A "comfort station" was built by the Japanese in the town, where young girls and teenagers were forced to become sex slaves called "comfort women", and routinely gang-raped, brutalized, humiliated, and murdered by Japanese soldiers for entertainment.[11][12][13]
During thePhilippines campaign of 1945, Japanese Army barracks located in Bayombong became the target of U.S. bombing runs.[14] The town was finally liberated on June 9, 1945 by U.S. forces of the37th Infantry Division under Major GeneralRobert S. Beightler.[15]
In 1947, the St. Mary's College (nowSt. Mary's University) was established by theCICM near the elementary and high-schools of the same name. In 1956, NVRHS was converted into two programs: Nueva Vizcaya General Comprehensive High School and Nueva Vizcaya National Agricultural School.
In 1964 the agricultural school became Nueva Vizcaya Agricultural College, then in 1973 became the Nueva Vizcaya State Institute of Technology. Presently, the school is theNueva Vizcaya State University.
The terrain is mountainous dominated by steep hills and mountains encompassing an area of 36.44% of its total land area. The percentage which is level to gently sloping consists of 32.03% of the total area, rolling to hilly consists of 8.09%, while the remaining 23.44% consists of very steep mountains. The town was founded at the juncture of the Calocool and Magat Rivers, and has grown to incorporate thePan-Philippine Highway.[citation needed]
Bayombong is situated 293.73 kilometres (182.52 mi) from the country's capital city ofManila.
Bayombong is politically subdivided into 25barangays. Each barangay consists ofpuroks and some havesitios.
| Climate data for Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 27 (81) | 28 (82) | 30 (86) | 31 (88) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 28 (82) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 27 (81) | 29 (84) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 18 (64) | 19 (66) | 20 (68) | 22 (72) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 22 (72) | 20 (68) | 19 (66) | 22 (71) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 21 (0.8) | 28 (1.1) | 34 (1.3) | 58 (2.3) | 160 (6.3) | 179 (7.0) | 226 (8.9) | 225 (8.9) | 215 (8.5) | 168 (6.6) | 59 (2.3) | 32 (1.3) | 1,405 (55.3) |
| Average rainy days | 7.5 | 8.5 | 10.9 | 14.9 | 23.9 | 25.7 | 26.7 | 25.3 | 24.9 | 18.6 | 11.8 | 8.9 | 207.6 |
| Source: Meteoblue[16] | |||||||||||||
Population census of Bayombong | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source:Philippine Statistics Authority[17][18][19][20][21] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ilocano,Bontoc,Gaddang,Ifugao,Isinay, Tagalog, and English are used always in Bayombong's schools, markets, and places of worship but in public schools they also use Ilocano.
Poverty incidence of Bayombong
Source:Philippine Statistics Authority[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]
Bayombong is part of thelone congressional district of the province ofNueva Vizcaya. It is governed by a mayor, designated as its local chief executive, and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and most of the councilors are elected directly in polls held every three years.
The council also includes three ex-officio, non-partisan members representing key sectors of the community. These members comprise the Indigenous Peoples' Mandatory Representative, the President of the Liga ng mga Barangay, and the President of the SK Municipal Federation. Together, they play a crucial role in the Sangguniang Bayan, contributing diverse perspectives and ensuring comprehensive representation in local governance.
| Position | Name |
|---|---|
| Mayor | Antonio Sergio G. Bagasao |
| Vice-Mayor | Ramon T. Cabauatan |
| Councilors | George V. Burton |
| Ronald Allan A. Barnacha | |
| Nicomedes M. Palparan | |
| Prescilla O. Marcos | |
| Magtanggol N. Lantion | |
| Cristina L. Soriano | |
| Benjamin L. Pagtulingan III | |
| Seth B. Navis | |
| Oliver G. Geronimo | |
| Noel John Carlo O. Gines | |
| Joseph B. Taeza |
The Schools Division of Nueva Vizcaya governs the town's public education system. The division office is a field office of theDepEd inCagayan Valley region.[31] There are two schools district offices that govern all the public and private elementary and high schools throughout the municipality. These are Bayombong I District Office, and Bayombong II District Office.[32]
Places adjacent to Bayombong | ||||||||||||||||
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