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Battle of Montserrat

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1811 battle during the Peninsular War

Battle of Montserrat

Part ofPeninsular War

Montserrat as seen fromManresa

Date	25 July 1811
Location	Montserrat,Catalonia,Spain 41°35′34″N1°50′12″E / 41.59278°N 1.83667°E /41.59278; 1.83667
Result	French victory

Belligerents

First French Empire

Kingdom of Spain

Commanders and leaders

Marshal Suchet

Baron de Eroles

Units involved

Army of Aragon

Army of Catalonia

Strength

10,000+

1,500, 10 guns

Casualties and losses

200

400, 10 guns

v t e Peninsular War Aragon and northeast Spain 1809–1814
Castelló d'Empúries Valls Monzón 2nd Molins de Rei 3rd Gerona Alcañiz María Belchite Hostalrich Mollet Vic Manresa Lérida Mequinenza San Quintín La Bisbal Tortosa El Pla 1st Tarragona Montserrat Figueras Cervera Saguntum Massanet de Cabrenys Valencia Alicante Altafulla 1st Castalla 2nd Castalla 2nd Tarragona Santa Engracia 3rd Zaragoza Ordal

Peninsular War: Aragón Catalonia

220km
137miles

21 Battle of Ordal at Ordal, on 13 September 1813

Castalla

19 Battle of Altafulla at Altafulla, on 29 January 1812

Valencia

Saguntum

16 Battle of Cervera (1811) at Cervera, from 4 to 14 October 1811

15 Siege of Figueras (1811) at Figueras, from 4 April to 19 August 1811

Montserrat

13 Siege of Tarragona (1811) from 5 May – 29 June 1811 Siege of Tarragona (1813) from 3 to 11 June 1813

12 Battle of El Pla at El Pla, on 15 January 1811

11 Siege of Tortosa (1810–11) at Tortosa, from 19 December 1810 to 2 January 1811

10 Battle of La Bisbal at La Bisbal, on 14 September 1810

9 Siege of Mequinenza at Mequinenza, from 15 May to 8 June 1810

8 Siege of Lérida at Lérida, on 23 April and 29 April to 14 May 1810

7 Battle of Vic at Vic, on 20 February 1810

6 Battle of Mollet at Mollet, on 21 January 1810

5 Battle of Belchite (1809) at Belchite, on 18 June 1809

María

3 Battle of Alcañiz at Alcañiz, on 23 May 1809

2 Third siege of Girona at Girona, from 6 May to 12 December 1809

1 Battle of Valls at Valls, on 25 February 1809

current battle

In theBattle of Montserrat (29 July 1811) a force ofSpanish irregulars led byJoaquín Ibáñez, Baron de Eroles defendedMontserrat Mountain against twoImperial French divisions under the command ofMarshal Louis Gabriel Suchet. The minor action occurred during thePeninsular War, part of theNapoleonic Wars. The battle was fought near theSanta Maria de Montserrat Monastery, which is located on the mountain 36 kilometres (22 mi) northwest ofBarcelona,Catalonia,Spain.^[1]

Suchet's successfulSiege of Tarragona wiped out the bulk of the Spanish regular forces in northeast Spain. After the siege, the newly promoted marshal took the divisions ofLouis François Félix Musnier andBernard-Georges-François Frère to clear the Catalanmilitia ormiquelets away from theLleida–Barcelona road. Overlooking the road, the guerrilla base of Montserrat had defied the French after three years of war. Suchet sent the soldiers ofLouis Jean Nicolas Abbé's brigade scrambling up one mountain track while his remaining troops watched other possible escape routes. The French overran the guerrilla base and seized its artillery but most of the Spanish irregulars evaded capture. Suchet installed an Italian garrison on the mountain, but after thecapture of Cervera in mid-October byLuis Roberto de Lacy's Spanish forces, the Imperial troops were withdrawn.^[1]

Background

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On 15 July 1811, Marshal Suchet reported 43,783 troops present for duty in the Army of Aragon. Including the men sick or on detached service, the total was 51,088. Commanding the five infantry divisions, one infantry brigade, and one cavalry brigade wereGenerals of Division Musnier, Frère,Jean Isidore Harispe,Pierre-Joseph Habert,Luigi Gaspare Peyri,Claude Antoine Compère, andGeneral of Brigade André Joseph Boussart.^[2]