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| Battle of Ingalls | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 U.S. Marshals | Doolin-Dalton Gang | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| John Hixon | Bill Dalton | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 13-14 | 10 | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 3 killed | 3 Wounded 1 Stunned and Captured | ||||||
| Civilian casualties: 1 killed 2 wounded | |||||||
  Shootout site of Dalton-Doolin Gang Location within Oklahoma | |||||||
TheBattle of Ingalls was agunfight on September 1, 1893 betweenUnited States Marshals and theDoolin-Dalton Gang, during the closing years of theOld West era, inIngalls, Oklahoma.[1][2] The Doolin-Dalton Gang had been involved in a number oftrain robberies andbank robberies, beginning around 1891. They had found a safe haven in the town of Ingalls, which unwittingly harbored manyoutlaws during that period. On September 1, 1893, aposse was organized by the new United States Marshal,Evett Dumas "E.D." Nix, which entered the outlaw town of Ingalls with the intent to capture the gang. The lawmen engaged in a gunbattle. Three of the fourteen lawmen carrying Deputy Marshals' commissions died as a result of the battle.
The gunbattle began when the US Marshals, led by Deputy Marshal John Hixon, engaged"Bittercreek" Newcomb, which resulted in a shootout exchange that left Newcomb badly wounded after firing, at the most, two rounds. By a first hand account given later by US Marshal Nix, a large number of the outlaws then opened fire from asaloon, resulting in the lawmen returning fire, killing one horse and firing in such a manner as to force the outlaws to flee out a side door of the saloon, taking refuge in a largestable. A civilian known only as Murray, who owned the saloon, then engaged the Marshals in a shootout from his saloon's front doorway, during which the marshals shot him in the ribs and arm. Murray was badly wounded and arrested. He pursued damages against the government two years later, but lost his case much thanks to US Marshal Nix staunchly defending his deputy marshals' actions.
From an extremely good and elevated angle,"Arkansas Tom" Jones then opened fire with a rifle. Having an advantage over the marshals, he was able to push them into points of cover, during which he shot Deputy Marshal Thomas Hueston.[3] Hueston would die the next day. It had been Deputy Marshal Hueston who, on November 29, 1892, along withFord County, KansasSheriffChalkey Beeson had shot and killed Doolin Dalton gang memberOliver Yantis. Ingalls bystander Young Simmons was fatally shot by a stray round as he attempted to take cover insideVaughn's Saloon. Another bystander, known as Old Man Ransom, was hit in the leg.
Bill Doolin, the co-leader of the gang, shot and killed Special Deputy Marshal Richard Speed, while co-leaderBill Dalton shot Deputy Marshal Lafayette Shadley, who died the following day.[4][5] Shadley had fired on Dalton prior to himself being shot, breaking the leg of the outlaw's horse and toppling Dalton to the ground.Dan "Dynamite Dick" Clifton was then hit in the neck and wounded, but still able to ride. Deputy MarshalJim Masterson eventually threwdynamite into where Jones was hiding, stunning him, after which he was captured.
Of the outlaws, "Bittercreek" Newcomb was seriously wounded but escaped, "Dynamite Dick" Clifton was slightly wounded but escaped, and "Arkansas Tom" Jones, who had shot at least one of the deputies and one citizen, was stunned by the dynamite and captured. The saloon owner, Murray, who had taken up arms and sided with the outlaws, survived, spent some time in prison and later sued the marshals over his being shot. The rest of the gang escaped unscathed. Gang memberCharley Pierce, who escaped, was later said to have been wounded during that gunfight, and was known for a fact to have gone into hiding with Newcomb shortly after the gunbattle, at which time both men were cared for by Newcomb's girlfriendRose Dunn.
Eventually, the gang was wiped out, some by capture, but most being killed by Deputy US Marshals. Most were brought down by the celebratedThree Guardsmen, Deputy MarshalsHeck Thomas,Bill Tilghman andChris Madsen. Two of the gang, "Bitter Creek" Newcomb and Charley Pierce, were killed by theDunn Brothers, who werebounty hunters. The last of the gang to fall wereRichard "Little Dick" West, killed in 1898 by Deputy Marshal Madsen, and Roy Daugherty, killed in a shootout with Joplin, Missouri policemen on August 16, 1924.