Battle of Gallipoli (1312)
Location of the battle
Date 1312 or 1313 Location Gallipoli,Byzantine Empire, now modern dayTurkey Result Byzantine victory
Belligerents
Turcopoles	Byzantine Empire Kingdom of Serbia
Commanders and leaders
Halil Pasha †	Michael IX
Strength
under 2,000	Byzantine army and fleet 2,000 Serbian/Cuman cavalry Genoese fleet
Casualties and losses
Heavy, few survivors	Unknown

TheBattle of Gallipoli was fought at the end of 1312^[1] or in 1313,^[2] between the Byzantines and theTurcopoles led by Halil Pasha.^[1] For two years,Thrace was occupied by Halil Pasha^[1] (or Halil Edje).^[3] Earlier, Byzantine EmperorMichael IX Palaiologos had raised an army which defeated the Turcopoles, and confined them to a fortified camp in theGallipoli peninsula.^[2] These Turcopoles numbered less than 2,000.^[1] Michael next asked assistance from his son-in-law, Serbian KingStefan Milutin, and received a 2,000-strong Serbiancavalry troop (possibly Cumans or Serbian heavy cavalry).^[a] Milutin had earlier subdued the Turcopoles that took refuge in Serbia.^[2] The Byzantine and Genoese ships completed the blockade,^[2] the Genoese preventing the Turcopoles from escaping by sea.^[1] The Turcopoles first made unsuccessful attempts at breaking free, but decided to surrender to the Genoese, thinking they would not be harsh.^[2] However, in the night, by mistake, many Turcopoles fell into the hands of the Byzantines, who slaughtered them and took their belongings.^[2] The Genoese executed only those Turcopoles that had many valuables, so they could not get into the hands of the Byzantines, and the rest they sold as slaves.^[6] Halil and his men were all massacred.^[1] The Serbian contingent took share in the spoils.^[3] The Turcopoles had heavy casualties,^[1] with few survivors returning to Byzantine service, though little is heard of them afterwards.^[5] The victory was made a poem byManuel Philes.^[6] In twochrysobulls ofAndronikos II Palaiologos to the SerbianHilandar monastery, dating to October 1313 and July 1317, he showed gratitude to Stefan Milutin for his aid, as detailed in the prefaces.^[7]

• Nicol, Donald M. (14 October 1993).The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261-1453. Cambridge University Press. p. 139.ISBN 978-0-521-43991-6.
• Bartusis, Mark C. (1 January 1997).The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society, 1204-1453. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 83.ISBN 0-8122-1620-2.
• Oikonomides, Nicolas."The Turks in Europe (1305–13) and the Serbs in Asia Minor (1313)"(PDF).The Ottoman Emirate:159–68. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved2016-01-10.
• Vásáry, István (2005).Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365. Cambridge University Press.ISBN 9781139444088.

• Battles involving the Byzantine Empire
• Battles involving Serbia in the Middle Ages
• 1312 in Europe
• Conflicts in 1312
• History of the Gallipoli Peninsula
• 1310s in the Byzantine Empire
• Byzantine–Turkish wars

• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata