| Battle at Port-la-Joye | |||||||
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| Part ofKing George's War | |||||||
 Soldier of the29th Regiment of Foot, 1742 | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 France New FranceMi'kmaq militia |  British America Great Britain | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Jean-Baptiste Nicolas Roch de Ramezay (overall French commander) Nicolas Antoine II Coulon de Villiers (French commander) Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot Joseph-Michel Legardeur de Croisille et de Montesson[1] | CaptainJohn Rous, Captain Hugh Scott | ||||||
| Units involved | |||||||
| Acadian militia Wabanaki Confederacy (Mi'kmaq militia) Troupes de la marine | 29th Regiment Gorham's Rangers | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 300 French regulars and militia; 200 Mi'kmaq[2] | 200 regulars Unknown number of sailors | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 2 killed 2 wounded | 34 killed 7 captured | ||||||
| Military history of the Mi'kmaq | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Miꞌkmaw warrior | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Battle at Port-la-Joye (also known as thePort-la-Joye Massacre[3]) was a battle inKing George's War that took place between theBritish Army and a combined force of French troops andMi'kmaq militia on the banks of present-dayHillsborough River,Prince Edward Island in the summer of 1746. French officerJean-Baptiste Nicolas Roch de Ramezay sent French and Mi'kmaq forces toPort-la-Joye where they surprised and defeated a force of 200 soldiers of the29th Regiment of Foot that were gathering provisions for recently captured fortress ofLouisbourg.[4]
After hefirst fall of Louisbourg,New England commanderWilliam Pepperrell sent an expedition againstIle Saint Jean in July 1755. The expeditionary force split up, with one force going to Three Rivers (present-dayGeorgetown/Brudenell), and the other to Port-La-Joye. At Three Rivers, theAcadians present did not give any resistance because they only had one 6-pound cannon to mount a defence.[5] The Acadians fled into the woods while the New England troops burned the empty village. Many of the fleeing Acadians escaped to Saint Peters (PEI) and then went on toQuebec, remaining there until the end of the war.[6]
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At the same time, in July 1745, the other New England force landed at Port-la-Joye. Under the command ofJoseph de Pont Duvivier, the French had agarrison of 20 regulars (of theCompagnies Franches de la Marine) at Port-la-Joye.[5] The French regulars fled and New Englanders burned the capital to the ground. Duvivier and his 20 men retreated up the Northeast River (Hillsborough River), pursued by the New Englanders until they received reinforcements from the Acadian militia and theMi'kmaq.[6] The French troops and their allies were able to drive the New Englanders to their boats, killing, wounding, or capturing nine soldiers. The New Englanders took six Acadians as hostages, claiming they would be executed if the Acadians or Mi'kmaq rebelled against British control again.[6] The New England troops left for Louisbourg. Duvivier and his 20 troops left for Quebec. After the fall of Louisbourg, the resident French population of Ile Royal were deported to France. The Acadians of Ile Saint-Jean lived under the threat of deportation for the remainder of the war.[7]
The following year, in an effort to recapture Acadia, a French expedition under the command of de Ramezay was sent from Quebec to work with theDuc d'Anville expedition. De Ramezay's force arrived inNova Scotia in July 1746. He had 700 soldiers and 21 officers. He made camp at Chignecto, where he was met by 300Abenaki fromSt. John River and about 300Mi'kmaq from Nova Scotia. The total French-Indian force numbered close to 1,300 men.[8] De Ramezay's soldiers spent the summer and the fall waiting for the arrival of the long overdue D'Anville expedition. During this time period, Ramzay sent troops to British-occupied Port-La-Joye on present-dayPrince Edward Island.
CaptainJohn Rous commanded the 24-gun snowShirley Galley and aschooner as a tender. On board the snow was 40 soldiers ofFrancis Fuller's29th Regiment of Foot, including Captain Hugh Scott. The newly appointed British governor of the Isle Royal, CommodoreSir Charles Knowles, 1st Baronet, sent Rous to get supplies from the Acadians to feed the British troops at Louisbourg.[9]
Ramezay initially sentCharles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot to Ile Saint-Jean on a reconnaissance to assess the size of the British force.[4] Boishébert saw two British ships, the galleyShirley and 700-ton troopshipRuby along with 200 troops atPort-la-Joye boarding supplies for Louisburg.[10][11] On board the vessels were at least two of the Acadian hostages taken by the New Englanders the year before.[12] After Boishébert returned, Ramezay sent Joseph-Michel Legardeur de Croisille et de Montesson[1] along with over 500 men, 200 of whom were Mi'kmaq, to Port-La-Joye.[13]
While the 29th Regiment waited for the Acadians to sent half of their cattle to the British troops at Louisbourg, the regiment was unarmed in the field on the banks of the Northeast River (Hillsborough River), close to Port-la-Joye, making hay. Their arms remained in a tent. On July 11, de Montesson caught the 29th by surprise. The Acadian and Mi'kmaq force killed 27 soldiers and 7 sailors, while suffering two Mi'kmaq killed and another two injured. While the attack was happening, Rous and Scott were onShirley Galley, which opened fire on the attackers with little effect. The attacking party eventually retreated and Scott took 40 Acadians prisoners and later ransomed them to the commander of the Duc d'Anville expedition.[9][14]
On July 23, 1746, de Montesson returned to de Ramezay at Chignecto with two of the Acadian prisoners the New Englanders had taken previously, numerous British prisoners of war and an Acadian pilot.[15]
Months later Ramzey was unsuccessful in his attack onAnnapolis Royal because of the failure of the Duc d'Anville expedition to arrive at the capital. The following year Ramezay won a victory at theBattle of Grand Pré.
Montesson took the British prisoners first toBaie-Verte and then Ramezay sent them under heavy guard to the prison camp at Québec, along with a commendation for Montesson for having distinguished himself in his first independent command.[1][16][17]
The battle led to an order that all officers in the 29th Regiment must always be armed, thus earning their first nickname as theEver Sworded due to theswords the officers are required to wear even when off-duty a tradition still in effect today as the orderly officer is still armed even at the officers mess.[18]
46°11′3.7″N62°32′0.7″W / 46.184361°N 62.533528°W /46.184361; -62.533528
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